Advanced Protective Gear and Armor

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Advanced Protective Gear and Armor
Published on June 2011

Report Summary

REPORT HIGHLIGHTS

THIS REPORT CONTAINS:

* Descriptions of various types of protective gear, including armor and bullet-resistant, fire-protective, chemical/biological, and
ancillary; their material types; and the designers of the products
* The current market status for advanced protective gear and armor in the U.S., including data from 2004, estimates for 2005 and
2010, and forecasts of compound annual growth rates (CAGR) through 2015
* An examination of personal protective industry regulations and standards
* Technological issues crucial to the industry.

REPORT SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Advanced protective clothing and associated gear is an industry sector that has a critical role in the protection of firefighters, police
officers, military personnel, and industrial workers. Concerns for general worker safety, including protection from death and disabling
injuries and illnesses, as well as protection from the specific threats of chemicals, biological agents, fire, bullets, and fragmentation
particles, result in an entire industry devoted to personal protective equipment and gear. This equipment includes everything from
chemical protective garments and suits to firefighters' turnout gear, to industrial fire retardant garments, to bullet-resistant vests, to
respirators. Military armor for vehicles and to a greater extent for personnel has become another advanced industry segment.

While this type of protective gear and armor industry has seen a few new standards and regulations, there have been significant
revisions and additions to the existing standards for worker protective clothing in the areas of chemical protection, fire protection, and
bullet-resistant garments. Knowing what is available to the military, first responders seek to upgrade the protective gear that they do
have.

This BCC Research market research report provides an overview of major trends within the personal protective equipment industry
and market analyses for each end-use segment focusing on the advanced materials in use. Historical data, as well as 5-year
forecasts for the years 2010 to 2015 are provided to express market sizes, changes, and dynamics.

REASONS FOR DOINGTHIS STUDY

Protective apparel and associated gear are undergoing growth in many sectors as a result of terrorist activities and related
geopolitical events. Tracking and predicting growth related to these events, as well as examining offsetting growth factors, are major
reasons for doing this study. Terrorism is unlikely to disappear within the 5-year horizon of this report or in the twenty-first century.
Concentrations of individuals in ever more complex urban situations will continue and within this, setting fires, either structural or

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wildlands will continue. The numbers and types of toxic materials in the workplace will continue or increase. Greater protection is
deemed necessary for our armed forces, first responders, and industrial workers.

Revisions made to existing standards have compelled manufacturers to change some materials used in the production of some forms
of personal protection equipment. Failure of some of the older materials to perform over the long term has initiated withdrawal from
the market. There is a constant balancing of mobility vs. protection. While there is growth in many segments of the personal
protective clothing market, the number of players in some segments of the industry is decreasing as a result of acquisitions.

Examining the situation in the marketplace and reviewing the technological advances expected as a result of numerous parameters
are additional reasons why this study is important.

This study provides a timely and as accurate a view as possible of the protective gear and armor industry, its major participants,
advanced materials and future growth potential, as well as the technologies and standards crucial to the understanding of the
industry. Excluded are sports equipment and gear related to recreational activities.

Common causes of setting afire industrial apparel include ignition of flammable liquids and/or other flammable materials spilled on the
garment, contact with or close proximity to molten metals, sparks and slag from flame cutting or welding, or any contact with open
flames. Other dangerous fire situations include high energy electrical discharges or other electric arc events, the explosion of vapors
from volatile liquids or from flammable gases, and the ignition of combustible dusts. FireThe fighters, either structural, proximity,
wildlands, or other first responders require a higher level of thermal protection and fire resistant garments.

INTENDED AUDIENCE AND CONTRIBUTION OF STUDY

This business opportunity report provides an analysis of the advanced protective clothing and equipment market for the U.S., by
application, through the year 2015 with some speculative analysis for the years beyond. Under applications, the technologies,
materials, standards, market participants, anticipated expansions, and growth factors are included.

The structure of each industry is explained, and company profiles of major industry participants are provided. The report is directed to
decision makers in the industrial, commercial, fire service, and law enforcement sectors whose personnel are engaged in processes
and operations involving the potential hazards associated with chemicals, fire, and bullets.

This report is designed to provide an assessment of the advanced personal protective clothing industry for those companies currently
involved in the industry, or for those that are considering entering the fray. This includes protective clothing producers and distributors,
textile and textile-related manufacturers, material suppliers, and fabric mills. Companies with large numbers of personnel who are
routinely exposed to workplace situations involving potential heat, flame, chemical, and personal protection risks associated with
bullets and other projectiles, will also find this report to be of use when identifying and comparing products and manufacturers and
sifting through the massive amount of personal protective industry regulations and standards.

This study should serve as an analytical and informational business tool with the purpose of examining the growth in the marketplace
that is related to both a vision of Utopia and the reality of terror, combined with the increased hazards facing first responders. There
are numerous changes affecting the regulations associated with the forms of personal protective clothing. These areas are covered
in terms of applications and end use. There is a distinction between estimates, projections, and facts or statistical data. When
possible, sources are identified.

SCOPE OF REPORT

The protective clothing, gear, and armor markets are a fragmented industry. There are significant and specific segments of protective
clothing, gear, and armor industry. Within each of these segments are a variety of players, including government organizations that
create, develop, and enforce regulations and standards, raw material suppliers, fiber and fabric manufacturers, mills and fabric
producers, finished goods manufacturers, and suppliers and distributors. The supply chain may be complex and at times difficult to



understand. Our focus is on the major material types and the designers of the products rather than on the distributors of the products.
To emphasize the complexity, it may be that one large corporation through many of its parts can be involved in all the sectors of the
supply chain. This study of the advanced protective gear and armor markets focuses on the following major sectors in the U.S.
market:

Heat- and flame resistant clothing, including firefighters' turnout gear for structural, proximity, and wildlands fire service, as well as
industrial fire resistant garments for use in electric and gas utilities or in industrial applications in which electric arc and flash fire are
hazards.
Chemical protective garments and equipment, including chemical-resistant clothing, chemical or biological warfare and protective
suits, and gloves used in industrial applications. Much of this same gear can be used for biological protection.
Respirators and ancillary components for fire and chemical/biological situations.
Body and vehicular armor, including bullet and fragmentation-resistant garments used in law enforcement and military applications.
Body armor, including bullet-resistant garments used in law enforcement and military applications. The retrofitting of vehicles using
the same types of materials and some of the newer engineered in-place vehicle armor.

Each of these areas of the personal protective clothing/equipment industry is discussed. Within each segment'chemical/biological,
fire, and projectiles/ explosives'the regulations, raw materials, technologies, market size, and anticipated growth are covered.
Manufacturers are evaluated and listed at the conclusion of each of the appropriate sections.

Although there are frequent mentions in military documents and in the popular press concerning nuclear, biological, and chemical
(NBC or NBCR) equipment, this is excluded from our discussion. There is no truly protective clothing for severe nuclear threats such
as battlefield nuclear explosions or a Chernobyl-level nuclear accident. When gamma rays are present in force and quantity, the
effective absorbers might be lead or the misnomer "depleted" uranium. Respirators and clothing do help, but the best solution is
situational awareness. The NBC misnomer continues; details of implied NBC are not included in this report.

The geographic scope of this report is the U.S. market.

METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES

A structured approach is based on optimal use of BCC Research's own databases and proprietary information, as well as primary and
secondary research techniques and methodologies. The material researched and presented in this technical market report is based
on information gathered from personal contacts within government agencies, individuals involved in materials and manufacturing,
industry consultants, and to some degree, on the author's personal experience in speaking with industry sources knowledgeable in
the subject material.

Additional data was obtained from reviews of secondary sources, such as trade publications, trade-associated company literature,
government documents, and patents. This was done in an effort to supplement the application, market, and trend data gathered from
primary sources. All monetary projections presented in this report are reported in constant U.S. dollars. A targeted and selective
analysis of recent patents was encompassed in the document.

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY
INTENDED AUDIENCE AND CONTRIBUTION OF STUDY
SCOPE OF REPORT
METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES



ANALYST'S CREDENTIALS
RELATED BCC RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS
BCC ONLINE SERVICES
DISCLAIMER

CHAPTER TWO: SUMMARY
SUMMARY
SUMMARY TABLE U.S. ADVANCED PROTECTIVE GEAR AND
ARMOR MARKET, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)
SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. ADVANCED PROTECTIVE GEAR AND
ARMOR MARKET, 2004-2015 ($ MILLIONS)
SUMMARY (CONTINUED)

CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW
BRIEF INDUSTRY VIEW
BACKGROUND
UTOPIA AND TERROR
MILITARY PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
DOMESTIC PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
OTHER PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND INDUSTRY
CLOTHING
OTHER PROTECTIVE CLOTHING ' (Continued)
TABLE 1 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CHARACTERISTICS
BALLISTIC BODY ARMOR STANDARDS
FIREFIGHTERS AND SAFETY
MARKET DRIVERS
FIGURE 1 WORLD TRADE CENTER 9/11
THREATS BOTH OFFENSIVE AND DEFENSIVE
ARMOR PROTECTION
Changes in Armor Requirements
FLAME RETARDANCY
Flame Retardancy (Continued)
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PROTECTION
ANCILLARY GEAR
ADVANCED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND GEAR: HOW
ADVANCED'
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND RELATED
RESPONSIBILITIES
ROLE OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (DHS)
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE (NIJ)
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY (NIST)
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH (NIOSH)
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
(OSHA)
OSHA Standards
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132
OSHA CFR 29 1910.269



DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)
ROLE OF NONGOVERNMENT AGENCIES
TABLE 2 AGENCIES INVOLVED IN SETTING PROTECTIVE GEAR
STANDARDS
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)
National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) FR Garment
Standards
NFPA 2112
NFPA 70E
NFPA 1971
Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN)
ASTM INTERNATIONAL
ASTM Standards
ASTM D6413
ASTM1506
ASTM F1959
ASTM F1958
ASTM 1891
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES, INC. (UL)
COMPLIANCE REGULATIONS

CHAPTER FOUR: THERMAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
BACKGROUND
INDUSTRY TERMS
TABLE 3 REFERENCED ASTM STANDARDS RELATING TO
TEXTILES
'NORMAL' FLAMMABILITY
TABLE 4 CLASSES OF FABRIC FLAMMABILITY
FLAME RESISTANCE
'FR' ' FIRE (OR FLAME) RETARDANT
'IFR' ' INHERENTLY FIRE (OR FLAME RETARDANT)
'CNFR' ' CANNOT BE MADE FIRE RETARDANT
NFPA 701 TEST
NFPA 701 TEST (CONTINUED)
FIREFIGHTERS AND SAFETY
Firefighters and Safety (Continued)
FIREFIGHTER GRANTS
FIRE FIGHTING ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES WITH FLAME RETARDANT
CHEMICALS
CLEANING AND REPAIRING GEAR
FLAME RETARDANT MATERIALS FOR GARMENTS
META-ARAMIDS
Teijinconex
NOMEX
TABLE 5 APPLICATIONS FOR META- AND PARA-ARAMIDS
Nomex On Demand
Blends



Blends (Continued)
Polymer Co-Mingled Bundle
Blends
Limitedwear
Members of the "Brand Preferred Program"
MELAMINE BASED
Basofil
Basofil (Continued)
POLYBENZIMADAZOLE (PBI)
TABLE 6 COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF WOVEN PBI, NOMEX IIIA,
AND FLAME RETARDANT COTTON
PBI Blend
PBI BaseGuard
Melt Polymerization for PBI
M5 POLYMER
FIGURE 2 2. MILITARY UNIFORM OF ADVANCED FIBERS WITH
GEAR
P84 POLYIMIDE
TREVIRA POLYESTER
OXIDIZED POLYACRYLONITRILE (PAN)/CARBON
PYROMEX
PYRON
PANOX
BLENDS AND HYBRIDS
BLENDS AND HYBRIDS (CONTINUED)
OTHERS
FLAME RETARDANT COTTON
FLAME RETARDANT COTTON (CONTINUED)
FLAME RETARDANT COTTON (CONTINUED)
MOHAIR
POLYPHENYLENE-2,6-BENZOBISOXAZOLE (PBO; ZYLON)
MIXED FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS
MIXED FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS
(CONTINUED)
STRENGTHENING FIBERS
TABLE 7 LIMITING OXYGEN INDEX OF SELECTED FIBERS
COMPOSITE AND BLENDED FIRE RETARDANT YARNS
AND FABRICS
POLYPHENYLENE-2,6-BENZOBISOXAZOLE (PBO) BLENDS
KERMEL BLEND
BLENDED COMPOSITIONS WITH ARAMID
METALLIC HIGH STRENGTH FILAMENTS
Metallic High Strength Filaments (Continued)
WATER RESISTANT AND FLAME RESISTANT PROTECTIVE
GARMENTS AND MATERIALS
HIGH TENACITY POLYETHYLENE YARN
NONWOVENS IN PPE
Nonwovens in PPE (Continued)
CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTERS
GARMENTS



OUTER SHELL
TABLE 8 OUTER SHELL POLYMER MATERIAL MARKET SHARE BY
TYPE, 2009 (%)
MOISTURE BARRIERS
Moisture Barriers (Continued)
NFPA CHANGES
Membranes of Polytetraflluoroethylene (PTFE)
MEMBRANE OF POLYURETHANE OR POLYESTER
Alternatives and Problems
SUPPLEMENTARY
MOISTURE BARRIER MATERIALS BY MARKET SHARE
TABLE 9 MARKET SHARE OF MOISTURE BARRIER MATERIALS BY
TYPE, 2010 (%)
INSULATING AND THERMAL BARRIERS
Foam
Non-wovens and Battings
FLAME RETARDANT MATERIALS BY MARKET SHARE
TABLE 10 1MARKET SHARE FOR THERMAL BARRIER MATERIALS,
BY TYPE, 2010 (%)
TRIM ELEMENTS
MAJOR SECTORS OF FLAME RESISTANT/FIRE PROTECTIVE
APPAREL
STRUCTURAL TURNOUT/BUNKER GEAR
STATIONWEAR
EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE (EMS) WEAR
9/11 FIRST RESPONDERS HEALTH CARE BILL
OTHER FACTORS
UTILITY WORKERS, WELDERS, AND OTHERS
UTILITY WORKERS, WELDERS, ' (CONTINUED)
SUPPLY PATHS FOR PROTECTIVE APPAREL
BUYING DECISIONS IN FLAME RESISTANT AND FLAME
RETARDANT CLOTHING
LEADERS IN STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING APPAREL
TABLE 11 U.S. MARKET SHARE OF STRUCTURAL FIRE SERVICE
GARMENT MANUFACTURERS, 2010 (%)
FIRE PROXIMITY SUIT
FIGURE 3 FIRE PROXIMITY SUIT
WILDLANDS FIRE FIGHTING APPAREL
WILDLANDS FIRE FIGHTING APPAREL (CONTINUED)
FIGURE 4 WILDLANDS FIREFIGHTER'S GEAR
INDUSTRY/RACE CAR GARMENTS
VALUE OF U.S. MARKET FOR FIRE PROTECTIVE
GARMENTS
TABLE 12 STRUCTURAL FIRES AND FIRE DEATHS, 2001-2010
Value of U.S. Market'(Continued)
FIRE DANGER
FUNDING
Funding (Continued)
TABLE 13 VALUE OF U. S. FIRE PROTECTIVE GARMENT
INDUSTRY BY TYPE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)



STRUCTURE OF FLAME RESISTANT/FIRE RETARDANT
GARMENT AND FIBER INDUSTRY
SIGNIFICANT COMPANIES IN THE FIRE RETARDANT GEAR
INDUSTRY
BULWARK PROTECTIVE APPAREL/VF CORP
Bulwark Protective Apparel/Vf Corp. (Continued)
BASOFIL FIBERS LLC /SUMLIN GROUP
CHAPMAN THERMAL PRODUCTS, INC./CHAPMAN
INNOVATIONS
CARHARTT, INC
Carhartt, Inc. (Continued)
CHIEF CORP./VIKING LIFE-SAVING EQUIPMENT A/S
DUPONT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES
DUPONT ADVANCED FIBERS SYSTEMS
DuPont Advanced Fibers Systems (Continued)
DONALDSON, CO., INC
FIRE-DEX, LLC
FYREPEL PRODUCTS INC./DIVISION OF LAKELAND
INDUSTRIES
LAKELAND INDUSTRIES, INC
GLOBE MANUFACTURING CO./CAIRNS PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING
ITEX
KERMEL
LION INC
HONEYWELL SAFETY PRODUCTS'SPERIAN
PROTECTION
Honeywell Safety Products'Sperian Protection
(Continued)
NORAFIN INDUSTRIES GMBH
NORAFIN (AMERICAS) INC
RIVERSIDE MANUFACTURING CO
INTERNATIONAL TEXTILE GROUP, INC. (ITG)/ W.L. ROSS
& CO
MAGELLAN SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL LLC
MILLIKEN AND CO
MORNING PRIDE MANUFACTURING BY HONEYWELL
NEWTEX INDUSTRIES, INC
PBI PERFORMANCE PRODUCTS, INC./INTERTECH GROUP
PORVAIR INTERNATIONAL LIMITED (PIL MEMBRANES
LTD.)
QUAKER SAFETY PRODUCTS CORP
CHIEFTAIN SAFETY MANUFACTURING, INC. (LEGAL
NAME)
SAFEDESIGN APPAREL LTD
SGL CARBON AG
TENCATE PROTECTIVE FABRICS USA /SOUTHERN MILLS,
INC
Tencate Protective Fabrics USA /'(Continued)



STEDFAST, INC
TEIJIN ARAMID BV (FORMERLY TEIJIN TWARON)
TOPPS SAFETY APPAREL, INC
VERIDIAN LTD
WESTEX, INC
WORKRITE UNIFORM CO
W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES, INC
ZOLTEK COMPANIES, INC
OTHERS

CHAPTER FIVE: CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND (CONTINUED)
PROTECTION LEVELS DEFINED
TABLE 14 14. OSHA REGULATIONS RELATIVE TO THE CHEMICAL
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING INDUSTRY
OTHER INFORMATION SOURCES
TABLE 15 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SOURCES
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) GUIDES
CRITICAL INCIDENT TECHNOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
TABLE 16 TYPES OF CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE GARMENTS
OCCUPATIONS NEEDING CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL GEAR
TABLE 17 KEY OCCUPATIONS NEEDING CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
EXPLANATION OF TERMS
PROCEDURES
NONWOVEN MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL
GARMENTS
TABLE 18 SELECTED MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, BY BRAND
FIGURE 5 CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION SUIT
POLYOLEFINS
Tyvek Products
Tychem Products
Tychem Products (Continued)
Responder CSM Level A
FIGURE 6 RESPONDER HAZMAT SUIT FROM DUPONT
CPF Materials
Microforce SMS
STRETCHABLE CHEMICAL VAPOR PROTECTIVE
GARMENT
COMBINATION MATERIALS
HYBRID MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES
OTHER CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE
MATERIALS
TABLE 19 OTHER CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE
CLOTHING
PEPGEL



ELECTROSPUN MEMBRANE-LIKE MATERIALS
Donaldson Co., Inc. Approach
POLYMERS FOR CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE
GARMENTS
TABLE 20 POLYMER MATERIALS USED IN
CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE GARMENTS
IMPROVEMENTS IN BARRIER PROPERTIES
SPECIAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING FOR THE MILITARY
SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MATERIALS
SELF-DECONTAMINATING PERMSELECTIVE
MEMBRANES
NEEDS AND MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF
CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
SHELF LIFE
MARKET SHARES IN CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE
GARMENT INDUSTRY
TABLE 21 2MARKET SHARE FOR U.S. CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL
PROTECTIVE GARMENTS, BY COMPANY, 2010
VALUE OF CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE GARMENTS
DRIVING FORCES
Driving Forces (Continued)
TABLE 22 U.S. VALUE OF CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE
GARMENTS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)
CONTRIBUTIONS TO GROWTH FROM CHEMICAL
PROCESS INDUSTRIES
TABLE 23 STATISTICS DIVISIONS OF CHEMICAL
MANUFACTURING
Restraining Larger Growth in the Chemical/Biological
Protective Garment Sector
INDEX OF CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE GARMENT

SUPPLIERS
3M
BLÜCHER GMBH
DONALDSON, CO., INC
E. I. DUPONT PERSONAL PROTECTION
E. I. DuPont Personal Protection (Continued)
ESPIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC
FIRE-DEX, LLC
GENTEX CORP
GLOBE MANUFACTURING CO. LLC
INNOTEX
KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP
NANO-TEX
NORTH BY HONEYWELL
POLYMER GROUP, INC. (PGI)
STEDFAST, INC
TEX-SHIELD, INC



OTHERS

CHAPTER SIX: ANCILLARY PROTECTIVE GEAR: RESPIRATORS, GLOVES, AND HEAD PROTECTION
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND (CONTINUED)
NOTE ON NUCLEAR PROTECTIVE GEAR
NOTE ON NUCLEAR PROTECTIVE GEAR (CONTINUED)
RADIATION, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION
RADIATION, CHEMICAL, AND ' (CONTINUED)
FIGURE 7 TYVEK MILITARY FIELD GEAR
PROTECTIVE RESPIRATORS AND LEVELS OF
PROTECTION
PROTECTION AGAINST BIOLOGICAL THREATS
RESPIRATOR ASSESSMENT
Wildlands Fire Fighting
Use by Firefighters
Use by Firefighters (Continued)
Use by Firefighters (Continued)
OSHA REGULATIONS
EVALUATIONS
TABLE 24 INFORMATION REQUIRED BY OSHA EVALUATION
QUESTIONAIRE
NIOSH CERTIFICATION
TABLE 25 NIOSH LOGIC FOR SELECTION OF PROPER
RESPIRATOR
SELECTION OF RESPIRATOR TYPE
WORKPLACE CONDITIONS AND RESPIRATOR CHOICE
PROCEDURES FOR USE OF RESPIRATORS
IDENTIFICATION OF FILTERS, CARTRIDGES, AND CANISTERS
TESTING
ATMOSPHERE-SUPPLYING RESPIRATORS
MARKET SHARE ATMOSPHERE SUPPLYING
RESPIRATORS
TABLE 26 ESTIMATED U.S. MARKET SHARES OF ATMOSPHERE
SUPPLYINGRESPIRATOR MANUFACTURERS, 2010 (%)
TABLE 27 TYPES OF RESPIRATOR FACEPIECES
SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA)
AIR-SUPPLIED RESPIRATORS
COMBINATION RESPIRATORS
AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATORS
MARKET SHARE FOR AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATORS
TABLE 28 ESTIMATED U.S. MARKET SHARE FOR PROTECTIVE AIR
PURIFYING RESPIRATORS, 2010 (%)
PARTICULATE FILTERS
FIGURE 8 ILLUSTRATION SELECT MOLDEX MASK BY 3M
VAPOR-AND-GAS REMOVING RESPIRATORS
IMPROVED DESIGNS
Improved Designs (Continued)
Improved Designs (Continued)
NBC/CBR FILTERS



SELECTED CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL DECONTAMINATION
OR DETECTIONS
Selected Chemical/Biological '(Continued)
Nuclear Radiation High Level Exposure
ASZM-TEDA CARBON FOR RESPIRATORS
FIGURE 9 SCAPE CBRN30 RESPIRATOR
RESPIRATOR INDUSTRY
CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL THREATS
Chemical Biological Threats (Continued)
INDEX OF MAJOR RESPIRATOR COMPANIES
3M OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL
SAFETY DIVISION
AEARO COMPANY/3M
AIR SYSTEMS
AXIS AIR GROUP, INC
E. D. BULLARD COMPANY
CALGON CARBON CORP
DONALDSON COMPANY INC
ENMET CORP
GENERAL RUBBER & PLASTICS, INC
HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL
Honeywell International (Continued)
HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL
HOT SHIELD USA INC
MARTECH SERVICES CO
MSA
SAFETYTECH INTERNATIONAL INC./TVI CORP
TVI CORP./IMMEDIATE RESPONSE TECHNOLOGIES
TVI Corp./Immediate ' (Continued)
SCOTT HEALTH AND SAFETY/TYCO INTERNATIONAL
OTHER COMPANIES
MARKET VALUE OF RESPIRATORS
DEFINITIONS
Definitions (Continued)
Definitions (Continued)
INDIVIDUALS NEEDING RESPIRATOR AND RELATED
PRODUCTS
VALUE BY TYPE
TABLE 29 PROJECTED VALUE OF U.S. RESPIRATOR MARKET BY
TYPE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)
RESPIRATOR IMPORTANCE IN PROTECTIVE GEAR
INDUSTRY
PROTECTIVE GLOVES
PROTECTIVE GLOVES (CONTINUED)
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL-PROTECTIVE GLOVE
CLASSIFICATION
TABLE 30 VOLTAGE PROTECTION FOR PROTECTIVE GLOVES
FIREFIGHTING AND RESPONDER GLOVES



CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE GLOVES
Potential Shortcomings with Glove Materials
IMPROVED PROTECTIVE GLOVE MATERIALS
APPROVED GLOVE MATERIALS
TABLE 31 CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL LISTED GLOVE
MATERIALS
ULTRAHIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE
NATURAL RUBBER AND LATEX
NEOPRENE
NITRILE RUBBER
BUTYL RUBBER
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
FLUOROELASTOMERS
Levels of Emissions
POLYVINYL ALCOHOL
TRACKING GLOVE MANUFACTURERS
COMPETITION FROM OVERSEAS MANUFACTURERS
GLOVE MAKING TECHNIQUES
COMBAT/ASSAULT GLOVES
COMBAT/ASSAULT GLOVES (CONTINUED)
MILITARY COMBAT GLOVES
VALUE OF PROTECTIVE GLOVES
TABLE 32 VALUE OF U.S. PROTECTIVE GLOVES, THROUGH 2015 ($
MILLIONS)
MARKET STRUCTURE FOR PROTECTIVE GLOVES
TABLE 33 CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICALPROTECTIVE GLOVE MARKET
LEADERS BY MARKET SHARE, 2010 (%)
INDEX OF MAJOR PROTECTIVE GLOVE MANUFACTURERS
ALLGLOVE INDUSTRIES
ANSELL HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS LLC
DAMASCUS PROTECTIVE GEAR
DUPONT ELASTOMERS
HEXARMOR/HIGHER DIMENSION RESEARCH
LAKELAND INDUSTRIES, INC
MCR SAFETY
MICROFLEX CORP. /BARRIERSAFE SOLUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL
MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO./MSA
NORTH BY HONEYWELL
PROTECTIVE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS (PIP)
SHOWA BEST GLOVE
WARWICK MILLS
OTHERS
PROTECTIVE HEAD GEAR/COMBAT HELMETS
BATTLE AGAINST HEAD INJURIES
Enhanced Combat Helmet/Advanced Combat Helmet
HARDHATS
Hardhats (Continued)
OSHA Regulations for Industrial Hardhats
ANSI Z89.1-1997 and Related Standards



ANSI Z89.1-1997 '(Continued)
FIREFIGHTER HEAD PROTECTION
System Components
Goggles and Faceshields
Optional Accessories
Hoods
TABLE 34 STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING AND PROXIMITY
FIREFIGHTING HELMETS
FACE AND EYE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
BACKGROUND
ANSI Z87.1-2003
Levels of Protection
IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT PROTECTION LEVEL
Other Protection Solutions
BALLISTIC EYE PROTECTION
BALLISTIC FACEGUARD
VALUE PROTECTIVE HEAD GEAR (EXCLUDING SPORTS EQUIPMENT)
TABLE 35 VALUE OF HEAD PROTECTIVE GEAR, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)
INDEX OF PROTECTIVE HEAD ANCILLERY PRODUCT
COMPANIES
CHIEFTAIN SAFETY MANUFACTURING/PROTECTIVE
MATERIALS COMPANY
CHIEFTAIN SAFETY MANUFACTURING
E.D. BULLARD CO
EYE SAFETY SYSTEMS, INC. (ESS)
GENTEX CORPORATION
MSA (FORMERLY KNOWN AS MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO.)
NEW PIG CORP
OAKLEY, INC./LUXOTTICA GROUP
Luxottica Group
REVISION EYEWEAR, LTD
WILEY X EYEWEAR/PROTECTIVE OPTICS, INC
WORLDWIDE VISION TECHNOLOGIES LLC
OTHER MANUFACTURERS

CHAPTER SEVEN: BALLISTIC BODY AND VEHICLE ARMOR
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION
BODY/BALLISTIC ARMOR
FIGURE 10 INTERCEPTER VEST AND CERAMIC PLATES
VALUE CHAIN
VALUE CHAIN (CONTINUED)
ENHANCED SMALL ARMS PROTECTIVE INSERT (ESAPI)
BALLISTIC IMPACT DETECTION SYSTEM
BALLISTIC ARMOR CONSTRUCTION
What Fiber to Choose'
NONMILITARY USE OF BODY ARMOR
BALLISTIC BODY ARMOR STANDARDS
LIMITS OF ARMOR
ASSEMBLY AND TESTING OF BODY ARMOR
TABLE 36 ESSENTIAL NIJ BODY ARMOR STANDARDS



ASSEMBLY AND TESTING ' (CONTINUED)
ACQUISITION PROCESSES
CIVILIAN LAW ENFORCEMENT ARMOR
CIVILIAN ARMORED VEHICLES
MILITARY PROTECTIVE BODY AND VEHICLE ARMOR
CONSIDERATIONS IN MILITARY BODY ARMOR DESIGN
TABLE 37 CONSIDERATIONS FOR MILITARY BODY ARMOR
DESIGN
PERSONAL ARMOR SYSTEM FOR GROUND TROOPS(PASGT)
RANGER BODY ARMOR
DESIGN CHANGES
AFGHAN OPERATIONS FIELD PACK
ARMOR CHANGING MATERIALS
OTHERS
INTERCEPTOR BODY ARMOR SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
IMPROVED INTERCEPTOR OUTER TACTICAL VEST (IOTV)
Problem Areas
VEHICLE ARMOR
FUTURE MATERIALS
FUTURE MATERIALS (CONTINUED)
MILITARY VEHICLES
FRAG KITS
STRYKER COMBAT VEHICLE
MINE RESISTANT AMBUSH-PROTECTED (MRAP) VEHICLE
FIGURE 11 CAIMAN MRAP
Mine Resistant Ambush-' (Continued)
FIGURE 12 MRAP-ATV VERSION
RHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS
RHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS (CONTINUED)
MANUFACTURERS MARKET SHARE FOR BODY ARMOR
TABLE 38 MARKET SHARE OF TECHNICAL FIBER
MANUFACTURERS FOR BODY ARMOR BY COMPANY, U.S. 2010(%)
INNOVATIONS
CERAMIC MATERIALS
BORON CARBIDE
Boron Carbide (Continued)
SILICON CARBIDE
METALS
ALUMINUM ALLOYS
Aluminum Alloys (Continued)
STEEL
VALUE BALLISTIC BODY AND VEHICLE ARMOR
TABLE 39 VALUE BALLISTIC BODY AND VEHICLE ARMOR
FIGURE 13 COUGAR MRAP HIT BY AN IED



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