Here are the answers:
1. Adaptation is the change in living organisms that allow them to live successfully in an environment. There are several types of adaptations:
- Adaptations to move: The extremities change form according to the environment in which the animal lives: fins or paws in form of oars in the aquatic animals, wings for the air environment, running paws and extremities to climb in the terrestrial environment, etc
- Adaptations to feed: Plants have roots and animals have different types of dentures or beaks according to their feeding.
- Adaptations to breathe: According to the animal type and the environment where they live, animals have different organs to breathe: lungs for the air environment, gills
UNIT 09.- THE BIODIVERSITY AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION (Worksheet)
1. UNIT: 9.- LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y SU CLASIFICACIÓN.
BIODIVERSIDAD Y ADAPTACIÓN.
¿Qué es la biodiversidad?: Biodiversidad es la gran variedad de especies distintas que constituyen la biosfera
¿Qué es la adaptación?: Adaptación es el cambio en los organismos vivos que les permiten vivir con éxito en un
medio ambiente. Hay varios tipos de adaptaciones:
- Adaptaciones para desplazarse: Las extremidades cambian de forma según el medio en el que viva el animal:
aletas o patas en forma de remos en los animales acuáticos, alas para el medio aéreo, patas corredoras y
extremidades para trepar en el medio terrestre, etc.
- Adaptaciones para alimentarse: Las plantas tienen raíces y los animales tienen distintos tipos de dentaduras o
picos según su alimentación.
- Adaptaciones para respirar: Según el tipo de animal y el medio donde vivan, los animales tienen distintos
órganos para respirar: pulmones para el medio aéreo, branquias para el medio acuático, tráqueas para los insectos ,
etc.
¿Qué es la evolución?: Llamamos evolución biológica a los cambios lentos y graduales que han ocurrido en los seres
vivos durante la historia de la Tierra.
LA EVOLUCIÓN A TRAVÉS DE LOS FÓSILES.
Fósiles: Son restos de plantas o animales que vivieron hace mucho tiempo o las huellas de ellos que se conservaron en
la corteza terrestre. Los fósiles se formaron muy lentamente por procesos geológicos. En muchos casos, el proceso de
fosilización empezó cuando una planta o animal muere y rápidamente fue cubierto con sedimentos, generalmente en
el fondo marino.
Utilidad de los fósiles: gracias a los fósiles los científicos pueden:
- Reconstruir las características de estos animales y plantas prehistóricos.
- Reconstruir los procesos evolutivos.
LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y SU CONSERVACIÓN.
¿Qué nos proporciona la biodiversidad?: Gracias a la gran variedad de seres vivos, la biodiversidad nos proporciona:
- Alimentos: Con la agricultura y pesca.
- Medicamentos: Muchas plantas contienen sustancias con las que fabricar medicamentos.
- Materias primas: Las plantas y animales nos proporcionan numerosas materias primas para fabricar materiales y
objetos.
- Energía: Quemando madera o restos de actividades agrícolas, ganaderas o forestales obtenemos energía.
- Ocio: Podemos disfrutar de la Naturaleza.
LA BIODIVERSIDAD EN ANDALUCÍA.
En Andalucía hay un claro contraste de clima y paisaje, lo cual la hace una de las regiones de España con una
diversidad más rica. Tiene altas montañas (Sierra Nevada), zonas litorales (cabo de Gata), desiertos (Taberna),
marismas (Doñana), bosques de pinos (Cazorla), bosque de alcornoques (Cádiz), etc.
En Andalucía el 18 % del territorio está protegido. Hay 2 parques nacionales, 24 parques naturales y otros muchos
espacios naturales.
Causas de la pérdida de biodiversidad en Andalucía: Las actividades humanas están ocasionando numerosos
problemas medioambientales:
- Sobreexplotación de los recursos: la pesca excesiva, la captura de peces demasiado pequeños, etc. está
provocando el agotamiento de los caladeros andaluces. La caza y la recolección de plantas incontrolada, están
reduciendo la población de distintas especies.
- La contaminación: Los vertidos industriales, los restos de todo tipo (plásticos, basuras, vertidos tóxicos, etc.)
contaminan el agua y el suelo y provoca la muerte de muchos seres.
- La introducción de especies invasoras: En los ecosistemas andaluces se han introducido animales de otras
regiones del mundo que se adaptan y compiten o depredan sobre las especies de aquí.
- La transformación de los medios naturales: La tala abusiva, los incendios forestales, la urbanización
indiscriminada amenaza y puede destruir a los ecosistemas.
2. CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS SERES VIVOS.
Criterios de clasificación: Son las características que nos permite agrupar un conjunto de seres vivos y diferenciarlos
del resto.
Cómo clasificar a los seres vivos: Para clasificar los seres vivos, los científicos analizan las características externas y
la organización interna con el fin de encontrar unas características comunes. Estas características comunes tienen que
ser aspectos fundamentales.
Historia de la clasificación de los seres vivos:
- Clasificación de Carl Von Linneo: En el siglo XVIII, hizo la primera clasificación de los seres vivos. Sólo se
conocen 2 reinos: animales y plantas. La características fundamentales eran que los animales se desplazaban y
eran heterótrofos, y las plantas no se desplazaban y eran autótrofos.
- Clasificación de Charles Darwin: En el siglo XIX, planteó la teoría de la evolución, que decía que las especies
actuales se originaron a partir de otras anteriores. Solo se conocían 2 reinos: animales y plantas.
- Clasificación de Ernst Haeckel: En el siglo XIX, aceptó la teoría de la evolución y añadió un tercer reino: el
protista, en el que incluyó los organismos microscópicos.
- Clasificación actual: En el siglo XX, las biólogas Lynn Margulis y Karlene Schwartz plantean la clasificación
actual con 5 reinos: moneras, protistas, hongos, animales y plantas.
CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS SERES VIVOS.
Los científicos han estudiado todas las características de los seres vivos y los han clasificado en varios conjuntos
según sus características:
Reino: Todos los seres vivos han sido clasificados en cinco reinos. Son grupos muy grandes de seres vivos que tienen
unas características generales iguales, aunque entre ellos son muy distintos. Por ejemplo: en el reino animal están el
lobo, el mosquito, la mariposa, el tiburón, etc.
Filo: Cada reino tiene varios filos. Es la división básica del reino y agrupa a seres que tienen una organización de su
cuerpo similar. Algunos filos son: los cordados, artrópodos, equinodermos, etc. Por ejemplo: en el filo de los cordados
están el lobo, el besugo, la serpiente, etc.
Clase: Cada filo tiene varias clases. Dentro de los cordados las clases más importantes son: peces, reptiles, aves y
mamíferos. Por ejemplo: en la clase de mamíferos están el lobo, el gato, el ratón, el conejo, etc.
Orden: Cada Clase tiene varios órdenes. Algunos órdenes son: carnívoros, roedores, insectívoros, etc. Por ejemplo en
el orden de los carnívoros están el lobo, el tigre, el perro, el león, etc.
Familia: Cada orden tiene varias familias. Algunas familias de los carnívoros son: cánidos, félidos, mustélidos, etc. Por
ejemplo en la familia de los cánidos están el lobo, el zorro, etc.
Género: Cada familia tiene varios géneros. Algunos géneros de la familia de los cánidos son: canis, vulpes, etc. Por
ejemplo el género canis están el lobo, el perro, etc.
Especie: Está formada por todos los seres que tienen el mayor número de características comunes. Son individuos que
pueden aparearse y tener descendientes también fértiles. Por ejemplo: el lobo cuyo nombre científico es canis lupus.
EJEMPLOS:
Clasificación del animal de la izquierda: pertenece al reino animal, al filo de
los cordados, a la clase de los mamíferos, al orden de los carnívoros, a la familia
de los cánidos, al género canis y a la especie del lobo (canis lupus).
Clasificación del animal de la derecha: pertenece al reino animal, al filo de los
cordados, a la clase de los mamíferos, al orden de los primates, a la familia de
los homínidos, al género homo y a la especie del hombre (sapiens sapiens).
CARACTERÍSTICAS GENERALES DE LOS 5 REINOS.
MÓNERAS PROTISTAS HONGOS PLANTAS ANIMALES
TIPO DE
Procariota Eucariota Eucariota Eucariota Eucariota
CÉLULAS
Unicelular (la Unicelular
NÚMERO DE mayoría) o (algunos) o
Unicelular Pluricelular Pluricelular
CÉLULAS pluricelular pluricelular (la
(algunos) mayoría)
Autótrofa
Autótofa (algas)
TIPO DE (cianobacterias)
o Heterótrofa Heterótrofa Autótrofa Heterótrofa
ALIMENTACIÓN o Heterótrofa
(protozoos)
(bacterias)
TIPO DE Sexual
Asexual Asexual Por esporas sexual
REPRODUCCIÓN (principalmente)
3. PARTES DE UN ANIMAL.
Para realizar las distintas funciones vitales, los animales utilizan sus órganos:
Función de relación:
- Órganos de los sentidos: Perciben los estímulos exteriores (luz, calor, sonidos, etc.).
- Sistema nervioso: Elabora las respuestas a partir de la información obtenida por los sentidos.
- Aparato locomotor: El organismo se puede desplazar.
Función de nutrición:
- Aparato digestivo: Procesa los alimentos y pasa los nutrientes a la sangre.
- Aparato respiratorio: Suministra oxígeno a la sangre y retira de ella el dióxido de carbono para expulsarlo en la
respiración.
- Aparato excretor: Elimina de la sangre los productos de desechos y los expulsa al exterior.
- Aparato circulatorio: Lleva la sangre a todos los órganos y sistemas para proporcionarles oxígeno y nutrientes.
También retira todos los desechos celulares.
Función de reproducción:
- Aparato reproductor masculino. Produce espermatozoides, que son las células reproductora masculina.
- Aparato reproductor femenino: Produce óvulos, que son las células reproductora femenina.
Algunos ejemplos de FILO: CORDADOS
animales CLASE ORDEN FAMILIA ESPECIES
Sciurus vulgaris:Ardilla
Esciúridos
Roedores
Marmota marmota: Marmota
Múridos Rattus norvegicus: Rata común
Cricétidos Arvicola amphibius: Rata de agua
Felidos Felis sylvestris: Gato Montes
Cánidos Vulpes vulpes: Zorro
MAMIFEROS
Carnívoros
Meles meles: Tejón
Mustelidos Mustela nivales: Comadreja
Lutra lutra: Nutria
Úrsidos Ursus arctos: Oso
Suidos Sus scrofa: Jabalí
Cervus elaphus: Ciervo común
Ungulados
Cérvidos Dama dama: Gamo
Capreolus capreolus: Corzo
Rupricapra pyrenaica: Gamuza o Rebeco
Bóvidos
Capra pyrenaica: Cabra Montes
Galliformes Tetraónidos Tetrao urogallus: Urogallo
Aegypius monachus: Buitre Negro
Accipriti-
Accipítridos Gypaetus barbatus: Quebrantahuesos
formes
AVES
Gyps fulvus: Buitre
Strigi- Tyto alba: Lechuza común
Titónidos
formes Aegolius funereus: Lechuza de Tengmalm
Ciconii-
Ciconiidae Ciconia ciconia: Cigueña común
formes
Urodelos Salamandridos Euproctus asper: Tritón Pirenaico
ANFIBIOS
Anuros Ránidos Rana ridibunda: Rana verde común
REPTILES Quelonios Testudínidos Testudo graeca: Tortuga mora
PECES Salmoniformes esocidos Esox lucius: Lucio
FILO: ARTROPODOS
CLASE ORDEN FAMILIA ESPECIES
CRUSTACEOS Decápodos Astácidos A.pallipes: Cangrejo de río
INSECTOS Lepidópteros Piéridos Pieris brassicae: Mariposa de la col
ARACNIDOS Ácaros Isodidos Kaspar akain: Garrapata
4. NAME: __________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
THEME: 9.- THE BIODIVERSITY AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION.
BIODIVERSITY AND ADAPTATION.
What is biodiversity?: Biodiversity is the great variety of different species that constitute the
biosphere.
What is adaptation?: Adaptation is the change in living organisms that allow them to live
successfully in an environment. There are several types of adaptations:
- Adaptations to move: The extremities change form according to the environment in which the
animal lives: fins or paws in form of oars in the aquatic animals, wings for the air environment,
running paws and extremities to climb in the terrestrial environment, etc
- Adaptations to feed: Plants have roots and animals have different types of dentures or beaks
according to their feeding.
- Adaptations to breathe: According to the animal type and the environment where they live,
animals have different organs to breathe: lungs for the air environment, gills for the aquatic
environment, tracheas for the insects, etc.
What is evolution?: We call biological evolution the slow and gradual changes that have occurred
to living beings during the history of the Earth.
1.- Copy ‘what is adaptation?’:
2.- Translate these words:
Biodiversity: Adaptation: Breathe:
Biosphere: Environment: Feed:
3.- How have animals adapted to move?:
4.- How have animals adapted to feed?:
5.- How have animals adapted to breathe?:
6.- What is biodiversity?:
7.- What is evolution?:
5. 8.- Adaptation to move. Match with arrows:
Terrestrial animal
Aquatic animal
9.- Adaptations to feed. Match with arrows:
Carnivorous animal
Herbivorous animal
10.- Adaptations to breathe. Match with arrows:
Air environment
Aquatic environment
6. NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
EVOLUTION THROUGH FOSSILS.
Fossils: Are the remains of plants or animals that lived a long time ago or their
traces that were preserved in the Earth’s crust. Fossils formed very slowly by
geological processes. In most cases, the fossilization process began when a plant
or animal died and was quickly covered with sediments, usually on the bottom
of the sea.
Utility of fossils: thanks to fossils, scientists can:
- Reconstruct the characteristics of these prehistoric animals and plants.
- Reconstruct the evolutionary processes.
1.- Copy this information:
2.- Translate these words:
Fossil: Plant: Prehistoric animal:
Animal: Scientist: Geological processes:
Prehistoric plant: Sediment: Bottom of the sea:
3.- Circle the real fossils and cross out the non-fossils:
4.- Write a “T” if the phrase is true and a “F” if the phrase is false
a) Fossils are the remains of plants or animals.
b) Fossils are the remains of sediments.
c) Fossils were preserved in the Earth’s crust.
d) Fossils weren’t preserved in the Earth’s crust.
e) Fossils were formed very slowly.
f) Fossils were formed by geological processes.
5.- Why are fossils useful?
7. 6.- Order these fossils from the oldest to newest. Explain why you make that classification.
A
B
C
D
7.- Explain the formation of these fossils.
8.- Which landscapes do you think are appropriate for founding fossils? Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’ and
explain why or why no.
9.- Why are there marine fossils in a mountain?
10.- Where are the fossils usually formed?
8. NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
BIODIVERSITY AND THEIR CONSERVATION.
What does the biodiversity provide us?: thanks to the great variety of living beings, the
biodiversity provides us:
- Food: By agriculture and fishing.
- Medication: Many plants contain substances to manufacture medication.
- Raw materials: Plants and animals provide us numerous raw materials to manufacture products
and objects.
- Energy: By burning wood or remains of agricultural, cattle or forest activities, we obtain
energy.
- Leisure: We can enjoy nature.
1.- Copy this information
2.- Translate these words:
Biodiversity: Variety: Leisure:
Living being: Food: Energy:
Medication: Raw materials: Remains of agricultural:
3.- Complete:
What does the _______________ provide us?: thanks to the _________________ of _____________,
the _______________ provides us:
______________: By _____________ and _______________.
______________: Many ___________ contain ____________ to manufacture _______________.
______________: _______ and _________ provide us numerous _____________ to manufacture
products and __________.
______________: Burning ________ or remains of ________________, ______________ or ________
activities we obtain ___________.
______________: We can enjoy _____________.
4.- Match these columns with arrows:
Food Many plants contain substances to manufacture medications
Medication We can enjoy Nature.
Raw materials By agriculture and fishing
Energy Plants and animals provide us numerous raw materials.
Leisure Burning wood or remains of agricultural, cattle or forest activities.
9. 5.- Write a “T” if the phrase is true and a “F” if the phrase is false
a) Thanks to the great variety of clouds, the biodiversity provides us
b) Foods: By agriculture and fishing.
c) Medication: Many plants contain substances to manufacture energy.
d) Plants and animals provide us numerous raw materials to manufacture products and objects.
e) Burning wood or remains of agricultural, cattle or forest activities we obtain leisure.
f) Leisure: We can enjoy Nature.
BIODIVERSITY IN ANDALUSIA.
In Andalusia there is a clear contrast of climate and landscape, which make it one of the regions of
Spain with a richer diversity. It has high mountains (Sierra Nevada), coastal areas (Cape of Gata),
deserts (Taberna), marshes (Doñana), pine forests (Cazorla), cork oak forest (Cádiz), etc.
In Andalusia 18% of the territory is protected. There are 2 national parks, 24 natural parks and
many other natural spaces.
Causes of loss of biodiversity in Andalusia: The human activities are causing numerous
environmental problems:
- Overexploitation of the resources: The excessive fishing, the capture of too small of fish, etc.
is causing the exhaustion of the Andalusia’s fishing grounds. The uncontrolled hunting and
gathering of plants are reducing the population of different species.
- Contamination: The industrial drainage, all types of remains (plastics, garbage, toxic drainage,
etc.) contaminate the water and the ground and cause death to many beings.
- Introduction of invasive species: In Andalusia’s ecosystems, animals of other regions of the
world have been introduced; they adapt and compete or plunder the species here.
- The transformation of the natural environment: The abusive logging, the forest fires, and the
indiscriminate urbanization threaten and can destroy the ecosystems.
6.- Translate these words:
Biodiversity: Ecosystem: Landscape:
Mountain: Coast area: Desert:
Marsh: Pine forest: Cork oak forest:
7.- Match these columns with arrows:
High mountains Cádiz
Deserts Cape of Gata
Swamps Cazorla
Pines forests Doñana
Cork oak forest Taberna
Coast areas Sierra Nevada
8.- Which human activities cause the loss of biodiversity in Andalusia?
9.- Why is the introduction of invasive species dangerous?
10.- What kinds of landscape are there in Andalusia?
10. NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING BEINGS.
Classification criteria: are the characteristics that a group of living beings has and those which
allow us to distinguish them from the rest.
How to classify living beings: To classify living beings, scientists analyze the external
characteristics and the internal organization with the purpose of finding some common
characteristics. These common characteristics have to be fundamental aspects.
History of the classification of the living beings:
- Classification of Carl Von Linne: In the XVIII century, he made the first classification of
living beings. There were only 2 kingdoms: animals and plants. The fundamental
characteristics were that animals could move and were heterotrophic, and the plants couldn’t
move and they were autotrophic.
- Classification of Charles Darwin: In the XIX century, he propounded the evolution theory that
said that the current species originated from other previous species. There are only 2 kingdoms:
animals and plants.
- Classification of Ernst Haeckel: In the XIX century, he accepted the evolution theory and
added a third kingdom: the protista, which included the microscopic organisms.
- Current classification: In the XX century, the biologists Lynn Margulis and Karlene
Schwartz propounded the current classification with 5 kingdoms: moneras, protistas, fungi,
animals and plants.
1.- Copy the ‘history of classification of the living beings’:
2.- Translate these words:
Living being: Plants: Common characteristic:
XVIII century: Animals Microscopic organisms:
Heterotrophic: Kingdoms: Autotrophic:
3.- Complete:
Classification of Carl Von Linne: In the ________ century. ____. There are ___ kingdoms:
__________ and _________.
Classification of Charles Darwin: In the ________ century. ____ . There are ___
kingdoms:__________ and _________.
Classification of Ernst Haeckel: In the _______ century. _____. There are ___ kingdoms:
__________, _________ and _____________.
Current classification: In the _________ century. _____ There are ___ kingdoms:____________,
_____________, _____________, _____________ and ____________.
11. 4.- How are the living beings classified?:
5.- What are the classification criteria?:
6.- Write a “T” if the phrase is true and a “F” if the phrase is false
a) Carl Von Linne lived in the XVII century
b) Charles Darwin lived in the XIX century
c) Ernst Haeckel lived in the XIX century.
d) Lynn Margulis and Karlene Schwartz lived in the XX century.
7.- Match with arrows:
Carl Von Linne
Charles Darwin
Ernst Haeckel:
Lynn Margulis
8.- Match with arrows:
The first person that develops the five kingdoms.
Carl Von Linne
He provided conclusive evidence that evolution of life forms has
occurred. In addition, he proposed natural selection as the
mechanism responsible for these changes.
Charles Darwin
He divided the animal Kingdom into groups that shared common
characteristics. Then he divided those groups into smaller groups
that had even more things in common. When he finally finished,
there were seven levels in his system with two kingdoms: animals
and plants.
Ernst Haeckel:
The three-kingdom system, added third kingdom, Protista that
included single-celled eukaryotes and bacteria (prokaryotes).
Lynn Margulis
9.- What important theory did Charles Darwin propose?
10.- What kind of living being are in the protista kingdom?
12. NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 5 KINGDOMS.
MONERAS PROTISTAS FUNGI PLANTS ANIMALS
TYPE OF
Prokaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote Eukaryote
CELLS
Unicellular Unicellular
NUMBER OF
Unicellular (most) or multi- (some) or multi- Multi-celular Multi-celular
CELLS
celular (some) celular (most)
Autotroph Autotrophs
TYPE OF (cyanobacterium) (algae) or
Heterotroph Autotroph Heterotroph
FEEDING or Heterotrophs Heterotroph
(eubacterium) (protozoans)
TYPE OF Sexual
Asexual Asexual Spores sexual
REPRODUCTION (mainly)
1.- Copy this information:
2.- Translate these words:
Cell: Unicellular: Prokaryotic:
Fungi: Eukaryotic: Multi-cellular:
Autotroph: Heterotroph: Spores:
3.- Complete:
KINGDOMS CHARACTERISTICS
Prokaryote cells, unicellular cells, autotrophs or heterotrophs, asexual reproduction.
Eukaryote cells, multi-cellular cells, heterotrophs, sexual reproduction.
Eukaryote cells, multi-cellular cells, autotrophs, asexual reproduction (mainly).
Eukaryote cells, unicellular or multi-cellular cells, autotrophs or heterotrophs, asexual
reproduction.
Eukaryote cells, unicellular or multi-cellular cells, autotrophs or heterotrophs,
reproduction by spores.
4.- Match these columns with arrows:
Prokaryote MONERAS Eukaryote
Unicellular PROTISTAS multi-celular
Autotroph FUNGI Heterotroph
Asexual PLANTS Sexual
ANIMALS Spores
13. 5.- Write a “T” if the phrase is true and a “F” if the phrase is false
a) The animals’ kingdom has prokaryote cells.
b) The plants’ kingdom has unicellular cells.
c) The moneras’ kingdom has eukaryote cells.
d) The fungi’s kingdom has sexual reproduction.
e) The protistas’ kingdom has prokaryote cells.
6.- Write five true phrases:
a) The animals’ kingdom has _____________ reproduction.
b) The plants’ ___________ has _____________ reproduction.
c) The moneras’ ______________ has _____________ cells.
d) The fungi’s _________________________________feeding.
e) The protistas’ ______________________________ reproduction.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE LIVING BEINGS.
Scientists have studied all the characteristics of living beings and they have classified them in several groups
according to their characteristics:
Kingdom: All living beings have been classified in five Kingdoms. They are very big groups of living beings that
share the same general characteristics, although among them they are very different. For example: wolf, mosquito,
butterfly, shark, etc. are in the animal kingdom.
Phylum: Each kingdom has several phyla. It is the basic division of the kingdom and it contains beings that have a
similar organization of their body. Some phyla are: chordata, arthropoda, echinodermata, etc. for example: wolf, sea
bream, snake, etc. are in the phylum of chordate.
Class: Each phylum has several classes. Within the chordata the most important classes are: fish, reptiles, birds and
mammals. For example: wolf, cat, mouse, rabbit, etc. are in the class of mammals
Order: Each Class has several orders. Some orders are: carnivorous, rodents, insectivorous, etc. for example wolf,
tiger, dog, lion, etc. are in the order of the carnivorous.
Family: Each order has several families. Some families of carnivorous are: canidae, felines, mustelidae, etc. for
example wolf, fox, etc. are in the canidae’s family.
Genus: Each family has several genus. Some canidae’s genus are: canines, vulpes, etc. For example wolf, dog, etc.
are in the genus canines.
Specie: Is formed by all the beings that have the biggest number of common characteristics. They are individuals that
can mate and have fertile descendants too. For example: the wolf, whose scientist name is canis lupus.
EXAMPLES:
classification of the animal on the left: belongs to the animal’s kingdom, to the
chordata’s philum, to the mammals’ class, to the carnivorous’ order, to the
canidae’s family, to the canines’ genus and to the wolf’s species (common name:
canis lupus).
Classification of the animal on the right: belongs to the animal’s kingdom, to
the chordata’s philum, to the mammals’ class, to the primates’ order, to the
hominids’ family, to the homo’s genus and the man's species (common name:
sapiens sapiens).
7.- Translate these words:
Kingdom: Phylum: Class: Order:
Family: Genus: Specie: Rodent:
Mammals: Chordata: Carnivorous: Canidae:
8.- Complete:
________: All the _____________ have been classified in________ Kingdom.
________: Each ___________ has several __________. It is the __________________ of the ______________.
________: Each ___________has several ___________. Some orders are: ____________________________________, etc.
________: Each ____________ has several ___________. Some _____________ genus are: ___________________ etc.
9.- What are the differences between ‘genus’ and ‘specie’?
10.- How do you know that a dog and a cat are not the same specie?
14. NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: ________ 1º ESO___ (Bilingual)
PARTS OF AN ANIMAL.
To carry out the different vital functions, animals use their organs:
Relationship function:
- The sense organs: The animals perceive the external stimuli (light, heat, sounds, etc.).
- Nervous system: Elaborates the answers starting from the information obtained by the senses.
- Locomotive system: The organism can move.
Nutrition function:
- Digestive system: processes the foods and passes the nutrients to the blood.
- Respiratory system: provides oxygen to the blood and removes the carbon dioxide to expel it
via breathing.
- Excretory system: Eliminates the waste products from the blood and expels them to the exterior.
- Circulatory system: Takes the blood to all the organs and systems to provide them oxygen and
nutrients. It also removes all the cellular waste.
Reproduction function:
- Masculine reproductive system. Makes sperms, they are the masculine reproductive cells.
- Feminine reproductive system: Makes ova, they are the feminine reproductive cells.
1.- Copy this information:
2.- Translate these words:
Relationship function: Nutrition function:
Reproduction function: Circulatory system:
Locomotive system: Respiratory system:
Masculine reproductive system: Feminine reproductive system:
Senses’ organs: Nervous system:
Digestive system: Sperms and ova:
3.- Write a “T” if the phrase is true and a “F” if the phrase is false
a) Masculine reproductive apparatus makes ova.
b) Feminine reproductive apparatus make sperms.
c) The nervous system elaborates the answers starting from the information obtained by the senses.
d) The respiratory system provides oxygen to the blood and removes the carbon dioxide.
4.- Complete: Nutrition function:
__________ system: processes the __________ and ____________ the nutrients to the __________.
__________ system: provide _____________ to the _________ and removes __________________.
___________system: Eliminates ___________ products from ___________.
15. 5.- Match these columns with arrows:
The sense organs Takes the blood to all the organs and systems.
Nervous system The animals perceive the external stimuli
Apparatus locomotive The organism can move.
Digestive system Eliminates the waste products from the blood.
Respiratory system Processes the foods.
Excretory system Provide oxygen to the blood.
Circulatory system Elaborates the answers.
6.- Label this picture: 7.- Label this picture:
8.- Match with arrows
Function of relationship
Function of reproduction
Function of Nutrition
9.- Label every picture with ‘relationship’, ‘reproduction’ or ‘nutrition’
10.- Why is the Nervous System very important?
16. EXTRA ACTIVITIES:
Look at the ANNEX I and complete the charts
Fylum
Filo
Class
Clase
Order
Orden
Family
Familia
Scientific
name
Specie
Common
name
Nombre
Científico
Especie
Nombre
común
Fylum
Filo
Class
Clase
Order
Orden
Family
Familia
Scientific
name
Specie
Common
name
Nombre
Científico
Especie
Nombre
común
17. Fylum
Filo
Class
Clase
Order
Orden
Family
Familia
Scientific
name
Specie
Common
name
Nombre
Científico
Especie
Nombre
común
Fylum
Filo
Class
Clase
Order
Orden
Family
Familia
Scientific
name
Specie
Common
name
Nombre
Científico
Especie
Nombre
común
18. ANNEX I
Some examples of animals
PHYLUM: CHORDATA
CLASS ORDER FAMILY SPECIES
Sciurus vulgaris:Red Squirrel
Sciudidae
Rodentia
Marmota marmota: Marmot
Muridae Rattus norvegicus: Common Rat
Cricetidae Arvicola amphibius: Water Rat
Felidae Felis sylvestris: Wild Cat
Canidae Vulpes vulpes: Red Fox
MAMMALS
Meles meles: Badgers
Carnivora
Mustelidae Mustela nivalis: Least Weasel
Lutra lutra: Otter
Ursidae Ursus arctos: Bear
Suidae Sus scrofa: Wild boar
Cervus elaphus: Deer
Cervidae Dama dama: Fallow Deer
Ungulates
Capreolus capreolus: Roe Deer
Rupricapra pyrenaica: Pyrenean Chamois
Bovidae
Capra pyrenaica: Spanish Ibex
Galliformes Tetraonidae Tetrao urogallus: Tetrao
Aegypius monachus: black Vulture
Falconiformes Accipitridae Gypaetus barbatus: Lammergeier
AVES
Gyps fulvus: Griffon Vulture
Tyto alba: Barn Owl
Strigiformes Tytonidae
Aegolius funereus: Tengmalm’s Owl
Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Ciconia ciconia: White Stork
Caudata Salamandriae Euproctus asper: Pyrenean Newt
AMPHIBIA
Anura Ranidae Rana ridibunda: Common green frog
REPTILES Chelonia Testudinidae Testudo graeca: Anamur Tortoise
FISH Esociformes esocidae Esox lucius: Pike
PHILUM: ARTHROPODA
CLASS ORDER FAMILY SPECIES
CRUSTACEA Decapoda Astacidae A.pallipes: Signal Crayfish
INSECTS Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris brassicae: White Butterfly
ARACHNIDS Ácarina Ixodidae Ixodes Scapularis: Tick