3. Gene Therapy
Gene therapy is still experimental
Gene therapy aims to supply defective
cells with healthy copies of missing or
altered genes.
If research proves successful, gene
therapy may be used in cancer and other
types of diseases
4. Anti-angiogenesis
Angiogensis:
development of new
blood vessels from
existing vessels
Anti-angiogenics prevent
tumour vessel
formation
Early research with
anti-angiogenics
demonstrate tumour
growth can be
regressed or slowed
down
Tumour Angiogenesis
Formation of
new tumour
vasculature
Tumour
Angiogenic
factors
7. Targeted therapy in cancer
Many more biologic processes understood at a
molecular level in the host (the body’s response to
the cancer) as well as those in the tumour itself
Growth factors
Tumour
vasculature
Disseminating
tumour cells
Invasion
Cell cycle control
Proliferating
tumour cells
Angiogenesis
Signal transduction
8. Targeting tumour blood supply
Solid tumours e.g.
breast cancer, survive
by developing their
own blood supply
(angiogenesis)
Therefore treatments
which inhibit tumour
blood supply
formulation and
maintenance can kill
cancer cells and
shrink tumours
10. Therapeutic intervention at key stages
in tumour development
Promising agents in research
– EGFR
– Anti angiogenesis
– Vascular targeting
– Gene therapy
11. EGFR, HER2
Raf
MEK1/2
Ras
ERK 1/2
p90rsk
Cbl
AKT
GRB2 SOS
p110
PI3 Kinase
p85
p160ER
CBP
Basal
Transcription
Machinery
ERE Target gene
P
P
P
Rac1 cdc42
MLK3
MKK3/6MEKK1
P38
Survival
Inflammatory cytokines
TNFα,IL-1
IGFR
Proliferation Cytokines
stress