UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA PARTICULAR DE LOJA Inglés Intruduction applied language Tema: English as a native, second, foreing language and lingua franca Ponente: Mgs. Nina Nesterenko. nnesterenko@utpl.edu.ec

1. INTRODUCTION TO
APPLIED LINGUISTICS
Video Lesson 3
ENGLISH as a NATIVE, SECOND, FOREING
language and LINGUA FRANCA
Mgs. Nina Nesterenko

2. ENL / EFL / ESL
English as a native language is the language
of people born and raised in one of the
countries where English is historically the
first language to be spoken ( mainly The
UK, the USA, Canada, Australia and New
Zealand)

3. ESL refers to English language learning in
countries where English is the main and / or
official language, and the student's own native
language (first language) is not English.
• English as a second language has special proposal
in communities.
• The term ESL is used frequently in the USA.

4. - the medium of instruction of the
educational systems
- It is used in regional or national
administration, in radio,TV, press media.
- it is the official language or plays very
important role.
( It is spoken in a large number of
countries such as India, Nigeria , Bangladesh,
Malaysia, which were once colonized by Britain)

5. Differences in teaching/learning of EFL and ESL.
EFL ESL
-Learning is like second
-learner needs the language
language learning: material
and methods are designed to for the use within his/her
give a practical command of own community.
the language.
- difference is in the - the second language is
purpose of language usually taught at the primary
acquisition
level of education
- EFL learner needs it to be able
to establish contacts with a
community of speakers other - it is taught to adult
than his/her own. immigrants
- EFL is usually taught in the
secondary school (older age
group)

6. English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) is a way to
refer to communication in English between
speakers who have different first languages.
In other words, ELF is used to facilitate
communication among speakers of different
languages.

7. Reasons for English becoming a
Lingua Franca
- Historical reasons
• Internal political reasons
• External / Internal economic reasons
• Practical reasons
• Intellectual reasons
• Entertainment reasons

8. English as a Foreign English as a Lingua
language Franca
Part of modern foreign Part of World Englishes
languages
Code-mixing and Code-mixing and
switching are seen as switching are seen as
interference errors bilingual resources

9. ELF speakers create innovations in English making use of
their multilingual resources to produce their own
preferred forms, for example :
- the use of 3rd person singular zero marking, e.g. “she
think”
- extension of which to serve functions previously served
only by who and vice versa
ex. “the person which”, “ the book who”
- shift in article use
- shift in preposition use, ex. ” to discuss about “
- countable use of „uncountable‟ nouns,
ex. “informations”, “advices”, “staffs”
• The new changes in languages, as a result of English
influence, should be registered and described .

10. THANK YOU!!!
nnesterenko@utpl.edu.ec