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Steve De Vito: US Toxics Release Inventory

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The Toxics Release Inventory Past, Present, and Future Directions By Stephen C. DeVito, Ph.D., R.Ph. U.S. EPA October, 2012 10/30/2012 1
TRI Trends: 1988 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1988: 2nd year of TRI reporting under Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA). 10/30/2012 2
TRI Trends: 1988-1989 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 3
TRI Trends: 1988-1990 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 4
TRI Trends: 1988-1991 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1991: Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) adds waste management reporting to TRI. 10/30/2012 5
TRI Trends: 1988-1992 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 6
TRI Trends: 1988-1993 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 7
TRI Trends: 1988-1994 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 8
TRI Trends: 1988-1995 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1995: Chemical expansion adds close to 300 chemicals to TRI. 10/30/2012 9
TRI Trends: 1988-1996 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 10
TRI Trends: 1988-1997 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 11
TRI Trends: 1988-1998 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1998: Seven industry sectors are added to TRI – metal mining, coal mining, electric utilities, chemical wholesale distributors, petroleum bulk storage/terminals, hazardous waste management facilities, and solvent recovery facilities. 10/30/2012 12
TRI Trends: 1988-1999 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 13
TRI Trends: 1988-2000 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 2000: Persistent bioaccumulative toxic (PBT) chemicals are added to TRI and the reporting thresholds are lowered for both recently added PBT chemicals and most previously covered PBT chemicals. 10/30/2012 14
TRI Trends: 1988-2001 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 2001: The reporting thresholds are lowered for Lead and Lead Compounds, PBT chemicals. 10/30/2012 15
TRI Trends: 1988-2002 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 16
TRI Trends: 1988-2003 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 17
TRI Trends: 1988-2004 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 18
TRI Trends: 1988-2005 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 19
TRI Trends: 1988-2006 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 20
TRI Trends: 1988-2007 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 21
TRI Trends: 1988-2008 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 22
TRI Trends: 1988-2009 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 23
TRI Trends: 1988-2010 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 24
TRI Trends: 1988-2010 First Data released to First Public 40 streamlined the public shortly Data Release 30 TRI Public Data after they were in same year 35 Explorer Release submitted as data were Report ("e-FDR“) submitted 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 TRI-ME TRI-MEweb TRI-MEweb myRTK Pounds (billions) piloted implemented 20 25 TRI.net CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 25
We have come a long way ! • The TRI has evolved considerably since the passage of EPCRA in 1986: – reported chemical release and other waste management quantities has declined steadily. – Access to TRI data has been greatly enhanced; • Newly submitted data are now in the hands of the public within a few weeks rather than nearly two years; • A diverse suite of tools now exists for analyzing the data. 10/30/2012 26
We have come a long way ! • Dramatic improvements have also been made to: – The data submission process; – The quality of TRI data, and – how TRI information can be accessed, analyzed and used by communities, academics, non-profits, industry and others. 10/30/2012 27
The TRI has Impacted the World ! • The TRI was the very first public pollutant release transfer registry (PRTR); • There are now at least 50 countries that have a PRTR program; – Most were modeled after the TRI • More countries are expected to start PRTRs – Particularly in South America and Central America 10/30/2012 28
Countries that Have PRTR Programs 29
Countries that Have PRTR Programs, or Pilot PRTR Programs: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Bulgaria, Cambodia, C hile, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, G eorgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungar y, Iceland, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea , Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Th e Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, R omania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Mexico, Canada, and the United States. 30
As for the Future ? Information Technology • EPA is committed to continue to draw upon the ongoing advancements in information technology to: – improve the accessibility and quality of TRI data; – make TRI available sooner; – address ever-evolving user needs. 10/30/2012 31
As for the Future ? Communities • Emphasis is expected to be placed on how communities can use TRI data to effect change: – Further engagement with communities; – Engagement with colleges and universities. – What communities can do to make TRI data and information more actionable. 10/30/2012 32
As for the Future ? Sustainable Development Ever growing emphasis on it worldwide. Sept., 2011: National Academy of Sciences book. Recommends EPA to : - formally adopt a sustainability paradigm; - articulate its vision for sustainability, and develop sustainability principles. 33
As for the Future ? Sustainable Development • People, regulatory authorities and other organizations will turn to the TRI as a means to assess progress towards sustainability; – TRI collects pollution prevention information. • The role of TRI data and information in sustainability will therefore need to be better defined. 10/30/2012 34
As for the Future ? Sustainable Development • There will also be a need to assess progress in sustainability: – On a continental level; – On a global level. • PRTR data from different countries will need to be combined and viewed and analyzed more from a continental and global context. 10/30/2012 35
As for the Future ? • To use PRTR data globally….. – existing PRTR data will need to be more comparable (this will be difficult); – Emerging PRTRs will need to be constructed such that the data they collect will be readily comparable with existing PRTRs • There will be a need to analyze PRTR datasets with other datasets – Do we know how to mash-up PRTR data sets with other datasets ? 10/30/2012 36

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Steve De Vito: US Toxics Release Inventory

  • 1. The Toxics Release Inventory Past, Present, and Future Directions By Stephen C. DeVito, Ph.D., R.Ph. U.S. EPA October, 2012 10/30/2012 1
  • 2. TRI Trends: 1988 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1988: 2nd year of TRI reporting under Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA). 10/30/2012 2
  • 3. TRI Trends: 1988-1989 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 3
  • 4. TRI Trends: 1988-1990 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 4
  • 5. TRI Trends: 1988-1991 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1991: Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) adds waste management reporting to TRI. 10/30/2012 5
  • 6. TRI Trends: 1988-1992 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 6
  • 7. TRI Trends: 1988-1993 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 7
  • 8. TRI Trends: 1988-1994 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 8
  • 9. TRI Trends: 1988-1995 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1995: Chemical expansion adds close to 300 chemicals to TRI. 10/30/2012 9
  • 10. TRI Trends: 1988-1996 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 10
  • 11. TRI Trends: 1988-1997 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 11
  • 12. TRI Trends: 1988-1998 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 1998: Seven industry sectors are added to TRI – metal mining, coal mining, electric utilities, chemical wholesale distributors, petroleum bulk storage/terminals, hazardous waste management facilities, and solvent recovery facilities. 10/30/2012 12
  • 13. TRI Trends: 1988-1999 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 13
  • 14. TRI Trends: 1988-2000 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 2000: Persistent bioaccumulative toxic (PBT) chemicals are added to TRI and the reporting thresholds are lowered for both recently added PBT chemicals and most previously covered PBT chemicals. 10/30/2012 14
  • 15. TRI Trends: 1988-2001 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 2001: The reporting thresholds are lowered for Lead and Lead Compounds, PBT chemicals. 10/30/2012 15
  • 16. TRI Trends: 1988-2002 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 16
  • 17. TRI Trends: 1988-2003 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 17
  • 18. TRI Trends: 1988-2004 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 18
  • 19. TRI Trends: 1988-2005 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 19
  • 20. TRI Trends: 1988-2006 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 20
  • 21. TRI Trends: 1988-2007 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 21
  • 22. TRI Trends: 1988-2008 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 22
  • 23. TRI Trends: 1988-2009 TRI 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 23
  • 24. TRI Trends: 1988-2010 40 30 35 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 Pounds (billions) 20 25 CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 24
  • 25. TRI Trends: 1988-2010 First Data released to First Public 40 streamlined the public shortly Data Release 30 TRI Public Data after they were in same year 35 Explorer Release submitted as data were Report ("e-FDR“) submitted 25 Reporters (Thousands) 30 TRI-ME TRI-MEweb TRI-MEweb myRTK Pounds (billions) piloted implemented 20 25 TRI.net CHEMICALS 20 15 SECTORS EPCRA LEAD PBTs PPA 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 1990 2007 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Releases and Disposal Manufacturers: Total Production-related Waste Other Sectors: Releases and Disposal Other Sectors: Total Production-related Waste Number of Reporters Number of Reporters 10/30/2012 25
  • 26. We have come a long way ! • The TRI has evolved considerably since the passage of EPCRA in 1986: – reported chemical release and other waste management quantities has declined steadily. – Access to TRI data has been greatly enhanced; • Newly submitted data are now in the hands of the public within a few weeks rather than nearly two years; • A diverse suite of tools now exists for analyzing the data. 10/30/2012 26
  • 27. We have come a long way ! • Dramatic improvements have also been made to: – The data submission process; – The quality of TRI data, and – how TRI information can be accessed, analyzed and used by communities, academics, non-profits, industry and others. 10/30/2012 27
  • 28. The TRI has Impacted the World ! • The TRI was the very first public pollutant release transfer registry (PRTR); • There are now at least 50 countries that have a PRTR program; – Most were modeled after the TRI • More countries are expected to start PRTRs – Particularly in South America and Central America 10/30/2012 28
  • 29. Countries that Have PRTR Programs 29
  • 30. Countries that Have PRTR Programs, or Pilot PRTR Programs: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Bulgaria, Cambodia, C hile, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, G eorgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungar y, Iceland, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea , Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Th e Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, R omania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Mexico, Canada, and the United States. 30
  • 31. As for the Future ? Information Technology • EPA is committed to continue to draw upon the ongoing advancements in information technology to: – improve the accessibility and quality of TRI data; – make TRI available sooner; – address ever-evolving user needs. 10/30/2012 31
  • 32. As for the Future ? Communities • Emphasis is expected to be placed on how communities can use TRI data to effect change: – Further engagement with communities; – Engagement with colleges and universities. – What communities can do to make TRI data and information more actionable. 10/30/2012 32
  • 33. As for the Future ? Sustainable Development Ever growing emphasis on it worldwide. Sept., 2011: National Academy of Sciences book. Recommends EPA to : - formally adopt a sustainability paradigm; - articulate its vision for sustainability, and develop sustainability principles. 33
  • 34. As for the Future ? Sustainable Development • People, regulatory authorities and other organizations will turn to the TRI as a means to assess progress towards sustainability; – TRI collects pollution prevention information. • The role of TRI data and information in sustainability will therefore need to be better defined. 10/30/2012 34
  • 35. As for the Future ? Sustainable Development • There will also be a need to assess progress in sustainability: – On a continental level; – On a global level. • PRTR data from different countries will need to be combined and viewed and analyzed more from a continental and global context. 10/30/2012 35
  • 36. As for the Future ? • To use PRTR data globally….. – existing PRTR data will need to be more comparable (this will be difficult); – Emerging PRTRs will need to be constructed such that the data they collect will be readily comparable with existing PRTRs • There will be a need to analyze PRTR datasets with other datasets – Do we know how to mash-up PRTR data sets with other datasets ? 10/30/2012 36