Marjane Satrapi grew up in Tehran, Iran to a middle-class family that opposed the monarchy of the Shah. Her autobiographical graphic novel, Persepolis, depicts her childhood during and after the 1979 Iranian Revolution, which overthrew the Shah and established an Islamic republic. As fundamentalists gained power after the revolution, Satrapi's politically active parents became concerned about the new restrictions on women and arranged for her to study abroad in Vienna in 1983. The comic book found popularity when published between 2003 and 2005 for its portrayal of this tumultuous time in recent Iranian history.