Infecciones por micobacterias de lento crecimiento
1. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGIA
ASPECTOS MICROBIOLOGICOS DE LAS
MICOBACTERIAS
2013
2. INFECCIONES CAUSADAS POR
MICOBACTERIAS DIFERENTES A LAS
DEL COMPLEJO M. tuberculosis
“de crecimiento lento”
Leonardo Favio Jurado Zambrano
MICOBAC- UN
2013
4. Mycobacterium ulcerans
MacCallum et al. 1950, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 19423 = NCTC 10417.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AB548725.
Etymology: L. part. adj. ulcerans, making sore,
causing to ulcerate.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[MacCALLUM (P.), TOLHURST (J.C.) and BUCKLE
(G.). In: FENNER (F.): The siginificance of the
incubation period in infectious
diseases. MedicalJournal of Australia, 1950, 2, 813-
818.]
5. Mycobacterium ulcerans
• Posee un tiempo de generación largo, su
temperatura de crecimiento esta alrededor
de 30 grados centígrados.
• Capacidad excepcional para producir una
toxina llamada micolactona (plásmido
pMUM 001).
• Es la única sustancia identificada como
factor de virulencia.
NAT REV MICRO VOL 7; JAN 2009.
6. Mycobacterium ulcerans
ULCERA DE BURULI
• Inicialmente descrita en Australia, bastante
prevalente en África.
• La infección de la piel causa extensas lesiones
que comprometen el tejido celular
subcutáneo. Produce necrosis coagulativa.
• Se ha encontrado posible transmisión
favorecida por insectos.
18. Mycobacterium marinum
Aronson 1926, species.
Type strain: ATCC 927 = CCUG 20998 = CCUG 27843 = CIP
104528 = DSM 44344 = JCM 12275 = JCM 17638 = NCTC
2275.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRN
A gene sequence of the type strain: AF456240.
Synonyms: "Mycobacterium platypoecilus" (sic) Baker
and Hagan 1942, "Mycobacterium balnei" Linell and
Norden 1952, not "Mycobacterium marinum" Suzanne
and Penso 1953.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. marinum, of the sea, marine.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[ARONSON (J.D.): Spontaneous tuberculosis in salt water
fish. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1926, 39, 314-320.]
19. Mycobacterium marinum
• Fotocromógena, con una temperatura optima de
crecimiento de 30 a 33 grados centígrados.
• Ampliamente distribuido en ambientes húmedos
y acuáticos duces y salados.
• La infección en humanos es rara, generalmente
se produce asociada a trauma y contacto con
seres acuáticos o agua contaminada.
• Se puede considerar como una enfermedad
“ocupacional”.
J Cutan Pathol 2000 Mar;27(3):124-9.
20. Mycobacterium marinum
• Causa infecciones granulomatosas en
piel, tejidos blandos e incluso hueso.
• Pueden ocurrir en pcts inmunocompetentes
como inmunocomprometidos
(VIH, CORTICOIDES, TERAPIA BIOLOGICA.
J Orthop Surg. 2010 Apr;18(1):98-103
21. Mycobacterium marinum
87-year-old woman who was treated with oral
corticosteroids for polymyalgia rheumatica for many
years and developed erythema nodosum-like lesions on
the right forearm and arthritis of the right wrist. By
increasing the steroid dosage and adding methotrexate
only short-term remission was achieved. Seven months
later painful erythematous nodules occurred on all
extremities which became necrotic, ulcerative and
suppurative. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast
bacilli and Mycobacterium marinum was cultured from
skin biopsies, blood, and urine. The critically ill patient
was treated with clarithromycin and ethambutol
resulting in a dramatic improvement of the general
condition. After four months, doxycycline had to be
added because of new skin lesions.
Eur J Dermatol 2006; 16 (1): 79-83
23. MODELO PARA
ESTUDIO DE LA
PATOGENESIS DE LA TB
Cellular Microbiology, 2008; 10: 1027–39
24. Mycobacterium haemophilum
Sompolinsky et al. 1978, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 29548 = CCUG 47452 = CIP
105049 = DSM 44634 = JCM 15465 = NCTC 11185.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16
SrRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AF547932.
Etymology: Gr. n. haima (Latin
transliteration haema), blood; N.L. neut.
adj. philum (from Gr. neut.
adj. philon), friend, loving; N.L. neut.
adj. haemophilum, blood loving.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of
Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420
25. Mycobacterium kansasii
Hauduroy 1955, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 12478 = CIP 104589 =
DSM 44162 = JCM 6379 = NCTC 13024.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the
16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AJ53
6035.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. kansasii, of Kansas, USA.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.)
and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of
Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30,
225-420. [HAUDUROY (P.): Derniers aspects du
monde des mycobactéries. Masson et Cie, Paris,
1955.]
26. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
Prissick and Masson 1956, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 19981 = CCUG 29045 = CIP
105416 = DSM 43992 = JCM 6381 = NCTC 10803.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AF480604.
Etymology: L. pl. n. scrofulae, a swelling of the glands of
the neck, scrofula; L. neut. suff. -aceum, suffix used with
various meanings; N.L. neut. adj. scrofulaceum, of or
pertaining to scrofula.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[PRISSICK (F.H.) and MASSON (A.M.): Cervical
lymphadentis in children caused by chromogenic
mycobacteria. Canadian Medical AssociationJournal, 195
6, 75, 798-803.]
27. Mycobacterium xenopi
Schwabacher 1959, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 19250 = CCUG 28011 = CCUG 31306 =
CIP 104035 = DSM 43995 = JCM 15661 = NCTC 10042.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA
gene sequence of the type strain: AJ536033.
Synonym: "Mycobacterium xenopei" (sic) Schwabacher 1959.
Etymology: N.L. n. Xenopus, a genus of toad; N.L. gen.
n. xenopi, of Xenopus.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH
(P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[SCHWABACHER (H.): A strain of Mycobacterium isolated from
skin lesions of a cold blooded animal, Xenopus laevus, and its
relation to atypical acid-fast bacilli occurring in
man. Journal of Hygiene, 1959, 57, 57-67.]
28. Mycobacterium celatum
Butler et al. 1993, sp. nov.
Type strain: strain ATCC 51131 = CCUG 39185 = CDC
90-0899 = CIP 106109 = DSM 44243 = JCM 12373.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: L08169.
Etymology: L. neut. part. adj. celatum, hidden from or
concealed from, referring to the concealed nature of
these organisms among
recognized Mycobacterium species.
Reference: BUTLER (W.R.), O'CONNOR (S.P.), YAKRUS
(M.A.), SMITHWICK (R.W.), PLIKAYTIS (B.B.), MOSS
(C.W.), FLOYD (M.M.), WOODLEY (C.L.), KILBURN
(J.O.), VADNEY (F.S.) and GROSS
(W.M.): Mycobacterium celatum sp.
nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1993, 43, 539-548.
29. Mycobacterium genavense
Böttger et al. 1993, sp. nov.
Type strain: strain 2289 = ATCC 51234.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the
16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain:
X60070.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. genavense, of or
belonging to Geneva, the source of the first
isolate.
Reference: BÖTTGER (E.C.), HIRSCHEL (B.) and
COYLE (M.B.): Mycobacterium genavense sp.
nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1993, 43, 841-843.
30. Mycobacterium simiae
Karassova et al. 1965, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 25275 = CCUG 29114 = CCUG 42427 = CIP
104531 = DSM 44165 = JCM 12377.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene
sequence of the type strain: X52931.
Etymology: L. n. simia, an ape; L. gen. simiae, of an ape.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.)
(editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420. [KARASSOVA
(V.), WEISZFEILER (J.) and KRASZNAY (E.): Occurrence of atypical
mycobacteriain Macacus rhesus. Acta MicrobiologicaAcademiae Scienti
arum Hungaricae, 1965, 12, 275-282.]
Note: According to Meissner and Schröder
1975, Mycobacterium simiae Karassova et al. 1965 (Approved Lists
1980) is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Mycobacterium habana"
Valdivia Alvarez et al. 1971.
Reference: MEISSNER (G.) and SCHRÖDER (K.H.): Relationship
between Mycobacterium simiae and Mycobacterium habana. Am. Rev.
Respir. Dis., 1975, 111, 196-200.
31. Mycobacterium gordonae
Bojalil et al. 1962, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 14470 = CCUG 21801 =
CCUG 21811 = CIP 104529 = DSM 44160 = JCM
6382 = NCTC 10267.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the
16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain:X52923
Etymology: N.L. gen. fem. n. gordonae, of Gordon,
named after the American bacteriologist Ruth E.
Gordon.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of
Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30,
225-420.
32. Mycobacterium malmoense
Schroder and Juhlin 1977, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 29571 = CCUG 37761 = CIP
105775 = DSM 44163 = JCM 13391 = NCTC 11298.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the
16S rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: X52930
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. malmoense, of or
belonging to Malmö, Sweden, the source of the
strains on which the original description is based.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420
33. Mycobacterium lentiflavum
Springer et al. 1996, sp. nov.
Type strain: strain 2186/92 = ATCC 51985 = CCUG 42422 =
CCUG 42559 = CIP 105465 = DSM 44418 = JCM 13390.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA g
ene sequence of the type strain: AF480583.
Etymology: L. adj. lentus -a -um, slow; L. adj. flavus -a -um,
yellow; N.L. neut. adj. lentiflavum, slow and yellow, two
characteristic features of this species.
References: VALIDATION LIST N° 58. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.,
1996, 46, 836-837. [SPRINGER (B.), WU (W.K.), BODMER (T.),
HAASE (G.), PFYFFER (G.E.), KROPENSTEDT (R.M.), SCHRÖDER
(K.H.), EMLER (S.), KILBURN (J.O.), KIRSCHNER (P.), TELENTI
(A.), COYLE (M.B.) and BÖTTGER (E.C.): Isolation and
characterization of a unique group of slowly growing
mycobacteria: description ofMycobacterium lentiflavum sp.
nov. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1996, 34, 1100-1107.]
34. Mycobacterium shimoidei
(ex Tsukamura et al. 1975) Tsukamura 1982, sp.
nov., nom. rev.
Type strain: strain E4796 = ATCC 27962 = CCUG 37517
= DSM 44152 = JCM 12376.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AJ005005.
Synonym: "Mycobacterium shimoidei" Tsukamura et al.
1975.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. shimoidei, of
Shimoide, named for H. Shimoide, a Japanese
microbiologist who first isolated a strain of this
species.
Reference: TSUKAMURA
(M.): Mycobacterium shimoidei sp. nov., nom. rev., a
lung pathogen. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 67-69.
35. Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum
Tsukamura 1965, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 19530 = CCUG 28009 = CIP 106811
= DSM 44164 = JCM 6364 = NCTC 10424.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA
gene sequence of the type strain: X52928.
Etymology: L. adv. non, not; Gr. n. chroma, color; Gr.
v. gennaio, to produce; L. neut. suff. -icum, suffix used with
the sense of pertaining to; N.L. neut.
adj. nonchromogenicum, intended to mean not producing
color.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH
(P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[TSUKAMURA (M.): A group of mycobacteria from soil
resources resembling nonphotochromogens (Group
3). Medicine and Biology, 1965, 71, 110-113.]
36. Mycobacterium szulgai
Marks et al. 1972, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 35799 = CCUG 37675 = CIP
104532 = DSM 44166 = JCM 6383 = NCTC 10831.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: X52926.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. szulgai, of Szulga, named
after T. Szulga, a Polish microbiologist.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[Mycobacterium szulgai MARKS (J.), JENKINS (P.A.) and
TSUKAMURA (M.): Mycobacterium szulgai - a new
pathogen. Tubercle, 1972, 53, 210-214.]
37. Mycobacterium asiaticum
Weiszfeiler et al. 1971, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 25276 = CCUG 29115 = CIP
106809 = DSM 44297 = JCM 6409.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AF480595.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. asiaticum, Asiatic, of Asia.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[WEISZFEILER (J.), KARASSEVA (G.V.) and KARCZAG (E.): A
new Mycobacterium species: Mycobacterium asiaticum
sp. ActaMicrobiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungarica
e, 1971, 18, 247-252.]
38. Mycobacterium gastri
Wayne 1966, species.
Type strain: strain ATCC 15754 = CCUG 20995 = CIP
104530 = DSM 43505 = JCM 12407.
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S
rRNA gene sequence of the type strain: AF480602.
Etymology: L. n. gaster -tri, belly, stomach; L. gen.
n. gastri, of the stomach.
References: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and
SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial
Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420.
[WAYNE (L.G.): Classification and identification of
mycobacteria. III. Species within Group
III. American Review of Respiratory Diseases, 1966, 93, 9
19-928.]