Avascular necrosis is a condition which appears when there is a loss of blood supply to the bone, resulting in bone death. Avascular necrosis is also known as aseptic necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis, or osteonecrosis

1. CAUSES | SYMPTOMS |DIAGNOSIS |
TREATMENT
AVASCULAR NECROSIS

2. INTRODUCTION TO AVASCULAR NECROSIS
 Avascular necrosis is a condition which appears when
there is a loss of blood supply to the bone, resulting in
bone death. Avascular necrosis is also known as aseptic
necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis, or osteonecrosis.
 Avascular necrosis is most common in the shoulder and
hip but can affect other joints, such as knee, wrist, ankle,
and elbow. If avascular necrosis is left untreated, it can
result in severe arthritis and collapsing of bone.

3.  Some other causes of avascular necrosis are:
 Blood clotting
 Sickle cell disease
 Anaemia
 Excessive use of steroids
 Excessive alcohol consumption
 Radiation therapy
 Uncontrolled diabetes
 Leukaemia
 Frequent inflammation in joints
CAUSES OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS

4. In initial stages, there are no symptoms of avascular necrosis,
as the disease progresses a patient may experience painful
symptoms. Symptoms of avascular necrosis are:
Constant pain in the affected bone
 Lack of movement
 Groin pain, if hip bone is affected
 Pain while walking or doing any other mild physical work
 Weakness
 Bruising of skin around the affected joint
 Excessive swelling
 Inflammation
SYMPTOMS OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS

5. The doctor will begin the diagnosis with a physical examination of
the affected joint and will ask questions such as, when did the
patient first experienced symptoms. A doctor will also check your
all-medical history to find out if avascular necrosis is related to
any other disease present in the body. Diagnostic tests done to
determine avascular necrosis are:
 X-ray- Reveals the changes in the bone structure if any.
 Bone scan- A little amount of radioactive material is injected
into your vein. The radioactive material makes the injured or
healed portion visible on the imaging plate.
 Magnetic Resource Imaging (MRI) and CT scan- Show the
detailed images of which shows the change in the bone.
DIAGNOSIS OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS

6. Medication
 Cholesterol control medicine to reduce the excessive
amount of bad cholesterol and fat in the patient’s blood.
Excessive cholesterol hinders the proper flow of blood in
the body.
 Inflammatory drugs to provide relief from the
inflammation and pain due to avascular necrosis.
 Blood thinners and osteoporosis drugs to prevent blood
clots and slow the progression of avascular necrosis.
TREATMENT OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS

7. Surgical procedures
 Joint replacement- A joint replacement surgery is done to
replace the damaged parts of joint with metal or plastic.
 Bone transplant- The part of healthy bone removed and
grafted with the affected bone this procedure is known as a
bone transplant.
CONTINUE : TREATMENT OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS

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