Presentation by Dawn-Pierre-Nathoniel, Saint Lucia's Department of Sustainable Development, for the event "Understanding Climate Change Adaptation in the Saint Lucia Context," a briefing for journalists held in Castries, Saint Lucia, on June 25, 2017.

1. UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE CHANGE
ADAPTATION IN THE SAINT LUCIA CONTEXT
Toward Saint Lucia’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP)
A Briefing for Journalists
Department of Sustainable Development
Presented by Ms. Dawn Pierre-Nathoniel
June 25, 2017
Coco Palm Resorts

2. INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK
• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), ratified by Saint Lucia in
1993. Article 6 on Education, Training & Public Awareness.
• Stabilises greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations at a level that would prevent dangerous
anthropogenic (human induced) interference with the climate system. 197 Parties
• Kyoto Protocol (KP), ratified by Saint Lucia in 2003
• Commits State Parties to reduce GHG emissions based on setting emission reduction
targets that countries must aspire to achieve. 192 Parties.
• Recognises that developed countries are principally responsible for the current high
levels of GHG emissions in the atmosphere as a result of more than 150 years of industrial
activity
• Paris Agreement (PA), ratified by Saint Lucia in 2016
• Brings all nations into a common cause to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate
change and adapt to its effects, with enhanced support to assist developing countries
to do so
• 146 Parties have ratified of 197 Parties to the UNFCCC
• Article 7 addresses the need for national adaptation planning
• Article 12 on Education, Training & Public Awareness

3. INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK cont’d
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC):
• Formed in 1988 by the United Nations (UN)
• Internationally recognised body that provides
scientific information on climate change
• Multiple climate experts from around the world
• Provides the basis for political manoeuvring &
decisions at Conference of the Parties (COPs) to the
UNFCCC
• Speaks to, among others, adaptation and limits to
adaptation

4. ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE
• Support
• Finance: financial assistance from Parties with more resources (developed countries) to those less
endowed and more vulnerable (developing countries, including Small Island Developing States, (SIDS),
like Saint Lucia)
• Capacity Building: enhancing the capacity & ability of developing country Parties to take effective
climate change action
• Technology: promoting, facilitating & financing the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound
technologies & know-how, particularly to developing countries
• Mitigation
• Responds to climate change by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions & enhancing sinks &
reservoirs to meet the UNFCCC’s objective’s of stabilising GHG concentrations in the atmosphere; e.g.
generation of electricity from the sun (solar); planting forests (reforestation)
• Adaptation
• Any to help adjustment that humans can make in the ecological, social or economic systems or policy
processes prepare for, or respond to, the actual or expected adverse impacts of climate change; e.g.
installing hurricane straps & impact resistant windows
• Loss and Damage (limits to adaptation)
• What results when global mitigation efforts (greenhouse gas (GHG) emission cuts) are not enough to
reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and available adaptation measures are not viable
options for addressing the magnitude of the problem being experienced; UNAVOIDABLE, IRREVERSIBLE,
IRREPARABLE and PERMANENT LOSS e.g. sea level rise, ocean acidification

5. REGIONAL FRAMEWORK
• Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to
Climate Change: 2009-2015 (revised under development)
• Implementation Plan for the CARICOM Regional Framework
for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate Change:
2011-21
• Defines the region’s strategic approach for coping with climate
change
• Based on a CARICOM Head of State mandate to the Caribbean
Community Climate Change Centre (5Cs)
• 5Cs is a Regional Implementing Entity (RIE) under the Green Climate
Fund (GCF)

6. NATIONAL FRAMEWORK: ADAPTATION
• Climate Change Adaptation Policy (CCAP) of 2015
• Provides a framework for addressing the impacts of climate change, in an
integrated manner, across all key sectors
• 3 interconnected processes:
• Adaptation Facilitation: creating the appropriate enabling environment: e.g.
policy, legislative & institutional environment; e.g. this National Adaptation Plan
• Adaptation Financing: putting in place measures to ensure adequate &
predictable financial flows; e.g. Climate Adaptation Financing Facility (CAFF) with
SLDB.
• Adaptation Implementation: taking concrete actions on-the-ground to prepare
for or respond to the impacts of climate change; e.g. rainwater harvesting
systems

7. 7

8. NATIONAL FRAMEWORK: ADAPTATION cont’d
• Strategic Programme for Climate Resilience (SPCR)
• Provides a framework for planning & implementing sectoral climate change
adaptation Saint Lucia.
• Offers a broad range of project/programme areas for action in all sectors, which
correspond to the 3 priorities of the CCAP (i.e. facilitation, financing &implementation
of adaptation actions)
• Key programmatic & operational foundation for the implementation of the CCAP & as
a blueprint for Saint Lucia’s proposed National Adaptation Plan (NAP)
• National Adaptation Plan (NAP), under development
• Policy process leading to integration of climate change adaptation into national
development planning & as appropriate, budgeting
• A means of identifying medium- & long-term climate change adaptation needs and
developing and implementing strategies & actions to address those needs
• Supporting legislation: Climate Change Bill under development

9. OUR APPROACH

10. SECTORS, THEMES, AREAS
• Water
• Agriculture & Fisheries
• Infrastructure & Spatial Planning
• Natural Resource Management, including coastal, marine,
terrestrial biodiversity
• Formal Education
• Health
Overarching National Adaptation Plan (NAP) & roadmap for
all sectors & detailed sectoral strategies & investment plans
over time , as funding becomes available

11. CONCRETE ADAPTATION
IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETED OR IN PROGRESS
• Flood mitigation: enhancement of drainage
• Rehabilitation of Marchand Riverbank
• Protection improved drainage systems along select roads in flood prone areas
• Works at the Hewanorra International Airport
• Roads made more climate resilient
• Road Rehabilitation along the East-Coast Highway: sections between Vieux-Fort & Micoud
• Rehabilitation of Choc Bridge
• Building stock of emergency Bailey-type bridges
• Critical Buildings: re/construction or rehabilitation schools, emergency shelters, health
centers, NEMO Office, for improved climate resilience: e.g. plans for new Choiseul
Comprehensive Secondary School
• Integrated slopes, landslides & riverbank stabilization at various locations (bio-engineering):
Croix Maingot & Anse-la-Raye; between Anse Le Raye & Canaries; Bagatelle & Old Victoria
Roads; Corinth river
• Rehabilitation or retrofitting of water supply systems: e.g. metres for non revenue water
• Grass root community-led activities in 6 climate vulnerable communities

12. NATIONAL FRAMEWORK: MITIGATION
• Sustainable Energy Plan, 2001:maintenance & growth of the energy
sector
• National Energy Policy, 2010: exploitation of new & indigenous energy
resources & promotion of energy conservation & efficiency
• Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), 2015:
• Voluntary efforts towards achieving the objectives of the UNFCCC
• Mitigation-focused for Saint Lucia: energy, electricity generation,
transport
• 16% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2025; 23%
reduction by 2030
• Draft National Energy Transition Strategy (NETS), 2017: sustainable,
reliable, cost-effective, & equitable electricity future for Saint Lucia
• Supporting legislation: some adopted (e.g. Electricity Supply Act);
others under development (e.g. Geothermal Bill; Energy Efficiency Bill)

13. Draft National Energy Transition Strategy, 2017 (NETS)

14. MITIGATION ACTION
1. Electricity Generation
• Energy Efficiency (EE):
• Lighting (i.e. LEDs): streets & buildings
• Cooling: e.g. air conditioning, building designs &codes
• Appliances
• Water distribution & network efficiency
• Renewable Energy (RE)
• Solar: photovoltaic (PV) systems, solar drying
• Wind
• Geothermal
• Biogas: e.g. use of pig waste
• Waste to energy: future potential to convert non-bio-waste
2. Transport
• Full electric &hybrid vehicles
• Other sustainably fuel vehicles : biofuel
• Improved & expanded public transit

15. Saint Lucia’s greenhouse gas emissions are only 0.0015% of global emissions
But mitigation also helps
reduce Saint Lucia’s fuel
import bill

16. Loan
purposes
(indicative)
Interest
rates vary
from 4.5-
7.5%
AGRICULTURE
 Drought & disease resistant crops
 Fertilizers
 Water holding facilities
 Drainage
 Soil stabilisation
 Rain water harvesting
 Irrigation systems
 Greenhouses
 Storage facilities
 Renewable energy alternatives
HOUSING
 Guttering & fittings
 Retaining walls
 Drainage
 Rain water harvesting
 Water holding facilities
 Retrofitting of roofs
 Renewable energy
alternatives
 Remodelling of
buildings
 Land conservation
 Structural re-
enforcement
MANUFACTURING &
TOURISM SERVICES
 Renewable energy
alternatives
 Rain water harvesting
 Water holding facilities
 Alternative
technologies
 Plant remodelling
 Retrofitting
 Business continuity
plans
 Consultancies &
feasibility studies
 Energy efficiency
equipment
Climate Finance through SLDB
Adaptation and mitigation go hand-in-hand

17. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE
• CLIMATE CHANGE FOCAL POINT-Permanent Secretary, Department of Sustainable
Development (DSD)
• TECHNICAL FOCAL POINT-Chief Sustainable Development and Environment Officer,
DSD
• CLIMATE CHANGE TEAM-SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVRIONMENT DIVISION
(currently)-largely adaptation
• Deputy Chief Sustainable Development & Environment Officer
• 2 Sustainable Development & Environment Officers
• 1 Coordinator under a climate change project
• 1 Communications Officer under a climate change project
• 1 technical support Officer
• 1 Project Assistant
• RENEWABLE ENERGY DIVISION-mitigation (energy efficiency & renewable energy)
• NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE COMMITTEE (NCCC)
• Multi-sectoral, governmental and non-governmental Cabinet-appointed advisory body
since 1998

18. SAINT LUCIA ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE
• All levels: international, regional & national
• Governance: policy, legislative, institutional
• Research & systematic observation
• Finance
• Technology
• Capacity building
• Concrete on-the-ground measures
• Adaptation-mitigation co-benefits
• All sectors & some cross sectoral themes & areas
• Public & civil society, including private sector
• Projects, programmes & activities
• Monitoring & Evaluation
• Information Management
• Awareness Raising
• Medium to long term planning…10 years…NAP

19. Addressing climate change: One
community, one sector, one household,
one enterprise, one person at a time
have the ability, to help us influence thinking,
mould outcomes, change behavior & instigate
action across the populace, at all levels
Thank you