1. INSTITUTO SUPERIOR PEDAGOGICO
“CIUDAD DE SAN GABRIEL”
technologist: GARY JACOME
student:$TEVENTH ENRÍQUEZ
Level: 3ro “B”
SCHOOL YEAR:
2011- 2012

2. INFORMATIVE DATA:
Name: STEVENTH
Last name: ENRÍQUEZ MORILLO
City: TULCÁN
Address: RAFAEL ARELLANO AND BOYACA
Telephone: 062984749
Cellular:090925782
Birthdate: April 6, 1992
Age: 19 years
Level of study: superior
Marital status: single
Nationality: Ecuador
ABECEDARY
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
Ei be si di i ef yi eich ai yei kei el em
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
En ou pi quiu er es ti you vi dobliu ex wai zet
Name in letters
S T E V E N T H
Es ti i vi i en ti eich
E N R I Q U E Z
I en er ai quiu you i zet

3. Personal Pronouns
En inglés no existe la forma "usted" o "ustedes" formal. Por lo tanto los nativos de la
lengua ni siquiera lo tienen conceptualizado como una forma aquí llamada "formal". Se
tiene que entender entonces que la forma masculina, femenina y neutra son lo mismo, lo
único que les diferencia es el género.
Además, ten en cuenta que en inglés sólo existe una forma para "tu" y "vosotros" - "you,"
excepto en la forma reflexiva que distingue entre el singular (yourself) y plural
(yourselves).
I AM ILL. YO ESTOY ENFERMO.

4. I AM EATING SOUP IN THE KITCHEN
I AM DOING SPINNING IN TEH GYM.
I AM CALLING MY MOTHER TO HER HOUSE.
I AM DOING MY HOMEWORK FOR TOMORROW ENGLISH CLASS
I AM PAINTING MY DOG.
YOU ARE TALL. TÚ ERES ALTO. / USTED ES ALTO.
YOU ARE STUDYING NOW.
YOU ARE BAD PERSON
YOU ARE SMALL
YOU ARE ANGRY
YOU ARESMALL
HE IS HANDSOME. ÉL ES GUAPO.
HE IS ALCOHOLIC
HE IS RESPONSIBLE
HE IS MESSY
HE IS HUNGRY
HE IS A PAINTER
SHE IS PRETTY. ELLA ES GUAPA.
SHE IS FAT
SHE IS PANSON
SHE IS A BITCH
SHE'S A GOSSIP
SHE IS A HYPOCRITE

5. IT IS COLD TODAY. HOY HACE FRÍO.
IT IS LION
IT IS MOUSE
IT IS CAT
IT IS CHIKEN
IT IS DOG
WE ARE TIRED. NOSOTROS ESTAMOS CANSADOS.
WE ARE PLAYING
WE ARE WALKING
WE ARE WORKING
WE ARE PEPEANDO
WE ARE SMOKING
YOU ARE ANGRY. VOSOTROS ESTÁIS ENFADADOS. USTEDES ESTÁN
ENFADADOS.
YOU ARE ANGRY.
YOU ARE ANGRY
YOU ARE FEUDING
YOU ARE LOOSE SOIL
YOU ARE VIOLATED
THEY ARE AT THE CINEMA. ELLOS ESTÁN EN EL CINE.
THEY ARE IN THE CAR
THEY ARE IN THE VILLAGE
THEY ARE IN THE BUN
THEY ARE IN THE HOUSE
THEY ARE IN THE ISPED
I CAN HELP YOU. (PUEDO AYUDARTE.)
I CAN KILL YOU

6. I CAN TEACH
I CAN GUIDE YOU
I CAN WORSHIP YOU
I CAN SING YOU
I CAN HATE YOU
CAN YOU SEE HIM? (¿PUEDES VERLE?)
CAN YOU SEE DREAM?
CAN YOU SEE SLEEPING?
CAN YOU SEE TO EAT?
CAN YOU SEE TEACHING?
CAN YOU SEE HOW TO SWIM?
CAN YOU SEE FLY?
HE IS GOING TO THE PARTY WITH US. (ESTA YENDO A LA FIESTA CON
NOSOTROS.)
HE IS GOING TO PLAY WITH US.
HE IS MARCHING TO WAR WITH US.
HE IS GOING TO DIVORCE US.
HE IS GOING TO THE DENTIST WITH US.
HE IS MARCHING TO THE RIGHT WITH US.
HE IS GOING TO COOK WITH US.
IT IS [THE LETTER] FOR YOU. (ES [LA CARTA] PARA TI.)
IT IS THE APPLEFOR YOU.
IT IS THE COATFOR YOU.
IT IS THE SHIRTFOR YOU.
IT IS THE BEERFOR YOU.
IT IS THE SNUFFFOR YOU.

7. PossessivePronouns
Los pronombres posesivos varían según el que posee y no según la cantidad poseída:
my book, your book, his book, our book, my books, your books, his books...

8. EJEMPLOS:
HIS BIKE IS RED. (SU BICICLETA ES ROJA.)
HIS DESKTOP IS GRAY
HIS SPEAKER ISLEAD
HIS PHONE IS WHITE
HIS CELL IS ORANGE
HIS MARKER IS VIOLET
MY HOUSE IS SMALL. (MI CASA ES PEQUEÑO.)
MY RIG IS SMALL
MY PRINTER IS BLACK
MY COMPUTER IS HIGH-TECH
MY BAG IS SPORTY
MY HOUSE IS MODERN
En función de pronombre:
Gramaticalmente funciona como un pronombre en función de complemento directo.
Siempre va al final de la oración.
El genitivo "-s" no se ha de confundir con los pronombres posesivos. Así podemos decir:
Her dress... (Su vestido...[de ella])
O podemos decir:
Andrea's dress... (El vestido de Andrea...)
En ambos casos expresamos un poseedor y un poseído, en este caso el vestido. En la
primera frase, el pronombre posesivo femenino "her" indica que tanto el hablante como el
oyente acaban de hacer referencia a la misma persona. En cambio en el segundo caso, el
hablante quiere dar a conocer el nombre del poseedor.
Siempre utilizamos el genitivo para referirnos a personas:
Paul's house... (La casa de Paul...)
Mary's bike... (La bicicleta de Maria...)
Cuando nos referimos a cosas o lugares utilizaremos la preposición "of":
The wheel of the bike... (La rueda de la bicicleta...)
Washington is the capital of the United States. (Washington es la capital de los Estados
Unidos.)
También podemos utilizar el genitivo a final de la oración que acostumbra a ser la respuesta
a una pregunta anterior. En estes casos no necesitamos el nombre.
Question (pregunta):
Whereis your sister? (¿Dónde está tu hermana?)

9. Answer (repuesta):
She is at my parent's. (Está en la casa de mis padres.)
Question (pregunta):
Whosehouseis this? (¿De quién es esta casa?)
Answer (repuesta):
ItisMichael's. (Es de Miguel.)
ADVERTENCE!
Cuando el nombre de el poseedor termina en una "s", el genitivo se añade a final del
poseedor pero sólo añadiendo el apostrofe "-‘" y no la "-s" del genitivo.
Luis' house... (La casa de Luis....)
EJEMPLOS:
THIS HOUSE IS MINE. (ESTA CASA ES MÍA.)
THIS SHOE IS MINE
THIS JACKET IS MIA
THIS PORTFOLIO IS MINE
THIS PAINTING IS MINE
THIS SONG IS MINE
THIS DRESS IS HERS. (ESTE VESTIDO ES SUYO.)
THIS CLIP IS HERS.
THIS POOL IS HERS.
THIS STEREO IS HERS.
THIS TROPHY IS HERS.
THIS PICTURE IS HERS.
DemonstrativePronouns
Es importante comenzar señalando que los pronombres pueden estar en singular o plural y
que pueden hacer referencia a la distancia:
This (Este/a/o)
That (Ese/a/o, aquél, aquello/a)

10. These (Estos/as)
Those (Esos/as, aquéllos/as)
EJEMPLOS:
SINGULAR AND HERE (SINGULAR Y AQUÍ):
I LIKE THIS CAR. (ME GUSTA ESTE COCHE.)
I LIKE THIS FURNITURE
I LIKE THIS BOOK
I LIKE THIS BACKPACK
I LIKE THIS DOG
I LIKE THIS WAR
PLURAL AND HERE (PLURAL Y AQUÍ):
I LIKE THESE CARS. (ME GUSTAN ESTOS COCHES.)
I LIKE THESE PARTNERS
I LIKE THESE JAILERS
I LIKE THESE CELLS
I LIKE THESE CIGARS
I LIKE THESE CRAZY
I LIKE THESE SUBJECTS
SINGULAR AND THERE (SINGULAR Y ALLÍ):
I LIKE THAT CAR. (ME GUSTA ESE COCHE.)
I LIKE THAT BEHAVIOR
I LIKE THAT DANCE
I LIKE THAT INSECURITY
I LIKE THAT TIE
I LIKE THAT FEAR
I LOVE THAT MOVIE
PLURAL AND THERE (PLURAL Y ALLÍ):
I LIKE THOSE CARS. (ME GUSTAN AQUELLOS COCHES.)
I LIKE THOSE LOW
I LIKE THOSE PLANTS
I LIKE THOSE FLASHES

11. I LIKE THOSE FISH
I LIKE THOSE DEPARTMENTS
I LIKE THOSE PRISONS
Podemos utilizarlos cuando nos presentamos a otra persona al otro lado de la línea
telefónica:
HELLO. THIS IS ALICIA. (HOLA.SOY ALICIA.)
HELLO. THIS IS ALBERTO
HELLO. THIS IS DIEGO
HELLO. THIS IS JORGE
HELLO. THIS IS DAVID
HELLO. THIS IS HUGO
O cuando no estamos seguros de con quién estamos hablando al otro lado de la línea o a
alguien que no vemos por que estamos en un sitio oscuro o en otra habitación:
PETER, IS THAT YOU? (¿ERES TU, PETER?)
MIREYA , IS THAT YOU?
ALFREDO, IS THAT YOU?
RENÉ , IS THAT YOU?
GEOVANY, IS THAT YOU?
LEONARDO , IS THAT YOU?
"This": También lo podemos utilizar cuando presentamos a personas:
LUCY, THIS IS MY FRIEND JILL. (LUCY, ESTA ES MI AMIGA JILL.)
MANUEL THIS IS MY MOTHER IGNACIO
DIEGO THIS IS MY FATHER ANTONIO
FRANCISCO THIS IS MY GRANDFATHER LEONIDAS
JERÓNIMO THIS IS MY GRANDMOTHER LIZARDO
JAVIER THIS IS MY COUSIN EMILIO
ANTONIO THIS IS MY NEIGHBOR GONZALO
"That": También lo podemos utilizar para referirnos a algo del pasado:
THAT PIZZA WAS DELICIOUS. (AQUELLA PIZZA ESTABA RIQUÍSIMA.)

12. THAT CONTEST WAS ENTERTAINING
THAT SMILE WAS WITH CARIES
THAT PAINTING WAS SAD
THAT POEM WAS TOUCHING
THAT HEART WAS BROKEN
THAT CEMETERY WAS HAUNTED
ReflexivePronouns
Los pronombres reflexivos se usan cuando el sujeto y el complemento del verbo son la
misma cosa:

13. EJEMPLOS:
I DID IT MYSELF. (LO HICE A MI MISMO.)
I LEARNED BY MYSELF
SWIM BY MYSELF
I WALKED BY MYSELF
I STUDIED BY MYSELF
I RESEARCHED FOR MYSELF
SHE TALKS TO HERSELF. (HABLA A SI MISMA.)
SAW HERSELF
HUGGED HERSELF
DANCED HERSELF
HELPED HERSELF
COMBED HERSELF
WE PAINTED THE HOUSE OURSELVES. (PINTAMOS LA CASA NOSOTROS
MISMOS.)
TOBACCO SMOKE OURSELVES
WE DRINK OURSELVES
HARD WORK OURSELVES
MUCH STUDY OURSELVES
CARS WE DRIVE OURSELVES
Los pronombres recíprocos se forman con las partículas "eachother." Esta forma no es
reflexiva sino es una forma recíproca. A diferencia del reflexivo, tenemos dos sujetos diferentes
que hablan el uno al otro, se miran el uno al otro, etc…. Nunca puede haber más de dos
personas.
John and Peter speak to each other everyday. (John y Peter se hablan cada día.)