vascular anomalies

2. P ADARSH ABHIJIT (FINAL YEAR)
ROLL NO-1379056(2013-14)
DEPT. OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY
KALINGA INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES

3. Introduction
•The word "hemangioma" comes from the Greek
haema - "blood"; angeio -"vessel"; oma -"tumor“.
• A hemangioma is an abnormal build up of blood
vessels in the skin or internal organs.
• It may be congenital or traumatic in origin.
• It is called vascular nevus.
• composed of seemingly disorganized vessels
that are filled with blood and is connected to the
main vein.

4. Introduction , cont..
• Etiology: Congenital.
• Incidence: About 30% of haemangiomas are
present at birth. The rest appear in the first
several months of life.
• Gender: female to male ratio is 2:1
• Age: 1st and 3rd decades.
• Site: These are usually develop on face, neck
,scalp and back shortly after birth . in oral cavity
the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa and palate are
most common sites.

6. Types
• Central – In bone
• Capillary – Intercommunication capillary
vessels
• Strawberry angioma
• Port wine stain
• Salmon’s notch
• Cavernous – Dilated blood containing spaces
lined by endothelium.
• Arterial

7. Clinical Features
• Appear as a flat or raised lesion of the
mucosa.
• Deep red or blue reddish in color and
seldom is well circumscribed.
• May vary in size and may become larger
on physical activities.
• Some lesions are pedunculated and
globular and some are broad based and
flat or slightly raised.

8. cont..
• Compressibility test, continue pressure
will push blood out of the lesion.
• If associated with tongue it may cause loss
of mobility.

9. Diagnostic Imaging
Hemangiomas are readily distinguished from
other tumors by:
–Ultrasonography (US)
–Computerized tomography (CT)
–Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
–Arteriography

10. Differential Diagnosis
Haemangiomas must be differentiated
from:
–Macular stains,
–Vascular malformations, and
–Other vascular tumors of infancy.

11. Complications
• Ulceration
• Infection
• Visual Impairment
• Airway Obstruction
• Auditory Canal Obstruction
• Congestive Heart Failure : usually occurs
in one of two settings: diffuse neonatal
hemangiomatosis or large visceral
haemangiomas

12. Cont.
• Bleeding (especially if the hemangioma is
injured).
• Problems with breathing and eating.
• Psychological problems, from skin
appearance.
• Secondary infections and sores.
• Visible changes in the skin.
• Vision problems.

13. Management
• Usually regress by itself during
adolescent period.
• Laser surgery, cryosurgery by dry ice.
• Sclerosing technique.
• Injection of boiling water or hypertonic
saline.
• Radiation therapy.
• Corticosteroids.

14. Thank You all
for
your kind attention