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Grammar Book Cristina Coleman 1st period
Table of Contents! 1. Present Tense (ar/er/ir) 2 Stem Changers 3 Irregular ‘yo’ verbs ? 4 Saber vs. Conocer 5 Reflexives 6 ‘Se’ impersonal 7 Dipthongs with accents ? 8 Verbs Like ger/gir, uir/guir, cer/cir 9 Hace + time + que + presente/preterite 10. Imperfecto 11. Preterite (car/gar/zar, Spock, cucaracha, snake(y))
Presente -ar, -er, -ir -ar 	oasaamosáisan -er oeseemoséisen I You He/She/It We Them You all -ir oeseimosísen
Stem changers Stem changing verbs change inside the boot. e -> ie		Perder -> Pierdo e -> i		Pedir -> Pido o -> ue	Dormir -> Duermo u -> ue	Jugar -> Juego
Irregulars -go, -zco, -oy -Go Oigo (oir) Hago (hacer) Pongo (poner) -Zco (cer/cir) Conozco (conocer) Conducir Producir -Oy Ser Estar Dar Ver Saber
Saber vs. Conocer Saber is used when you know facts. - Names of books, music, titles, etc. Conocer is used when you know people. - Names, families, etc.
reflexives Me Te Se Nos Os Se 	These can hook onto infinitives. 		“El tienequelavarse.”
'se' impersonal Se + verb(in 3rd person singular) + singular direct object  Ejemple: Se hablainglés en Inglaterra. Se + verb (in 3rd person plural) + plural direct object Ejemple: Se vendenzapatos en laszapaterías.
Ser vs. Estar SER ‘ser’ refers to a permanent condition, mood, or physical characteristic.  Conjugations: Soy Eres Es Somos Son “Me llamo Cristina! Soy de Atlanta.” “El chicoesmuyestupido.” Estar ‘estar’ refers to a temporary condition, mood, or physical appearance. Conjugations: Estoy Estás Está Estámos Están “Estoymuycansado.”  “Lorena estáhumilde y simpatica.”
Dipthongs with accents These are in the present tense. Work on this one!!!!!
hace + time + que + present tense
verbs like -uir/-guir,  -cer/-cir,  -ger/gir uir/guir: in present tense, verbs ending in –uir have a ‘y’ except for ‘nos’ and ‘vos’.  Constuyo Construyes Construye Construimos Construis Construyen Ger-Gir In present tense, ‘yo’ switches from ‘g’ to ‘j’. Cojo Coges Coge Cogemos Cogeis Cogen
Imperfecto! Imperfecto is a form of past-tense. -AR imperfect.  Aba Ábamos Abas Abais Aba Aban -ER/IR Imperfect Ía íamos Ías ías Ía Ían
Preterite : car/gar/zar Car Qué Aste Ó Amos Asteis Aron Gar Gué Gaste Ó Amos Asteis Aron Zar Cé Aste Ó Amos Asteis Aron
Preterite: Spock Verbs Ir/Ser Fui Fuiste Fue Fuimos Fueron Dar/Ver D/V I D/V iste D/V io D/V imos D/V ieron Hacer Hice Hiciste Hizo Hicimos Hicieron
Preterite: Cucaracha -é -iste -o -imos -ieron -(“I” verbs -i) Andar : anduv- Estar : estv- Poder : pud- Poder : Pus- Querer : Quis- Saber : Sup- Tener : Tuv- Venir : vin- Conducir : conduj- Producir : produj- Traducir : traduj- Decir : dij- Traer : traj-
Preterite: Snakes & Snakey Snakes and Snakeys are in the past tense.

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Grammar book cc

  • 1. Grammar Book Cristina Coleman 1st period
  • 2. Table of Contents! 1. Present Tense (ar/er/ir) 2 Stem Changers 3 Irregular ‘yo’ verbs ? 4 Saber vs. Conocer 5 Reflexives 6 ‘Se’ impersonal 7 Dipthongs with accents ? 8 Verbs Like ger/gir, uir/guir, cer/cir 9 Hace + time + que + presente/preterite 10. Imperfecto 11. Preterite (car/gar/zar, Spock, cucaracha, snake(y))
  • 3. Presente -ar, -er, -ir -ar oasaamosáisan -er oeseemoséisen I You He/She/It We Them You all -ir oeseimosísen
  • 4. Stem changers Stem changing verbs change inside the boot. e -> ie Perder -> Pierdo e -> i Pedir -> Pido o -> ue Dormir -> Duermo u -> ue Jugar -> Juego
  • 5. Irregulars -go, -zco, -oy -Go Oigo (oir) Hago (hacer) Pongo (poner) -Zco (cer/cir) Conozco (conocer) Conducir Producir -Oy Ser Estar Dar Ver Saber
  • 6. Saber vs. Conocer Saber is used when you know facts. - Names of books, music, titles, etc. Conocer is used when you know people. - Names, families, etc.
  • 7. reflexives Me Te Se Nos Os Se These can hook onto infinitives. “El tienequelavarse.”
  • 8. 'se' impersonal Se + verb(in 3rd person singular) + singular direct object Ejemple: Se hablainglés en Inglaterra. Se + verb (in 3rd person plural) + plural direct object Ejemple: Se vendenzapatos en laszapaterías.
  • 9. Ser vs. Estar SER ‘ser’ refers to a permanent condition, mood, or physical characteristic. Conjugations: Soy Eres Es Somos Son “Me llamo Cristina! Soy de Atlanta.” “El chicoesmuyestupido.” Estar ‘estar’ refers to a temporary condition, mood, or physical appearance. Conjugations: Estoy Estás Está Estámos Están “Estoymuycansado.” “Lorena estáhumilde y simpatica.”
  • 10. Dipthongs with accents These are in the present tense. Work on this one!!!!!
  • 11. hace + time + que + present tense
  • 12. verbs like -uir/-guir,  -cer/-cir,  -ger/gir uir/guir: in present tense, verbs ending in –uir have a ‘y’ except for ‘nos’ and ‘vos’. Constuyo Construyes Construye Construimos Construis Construyen Ger-Gir In present tense, ‘yo’ switches from ‘g’ to ‘j’. Cojo Coges Coge Cogemos Cogeis Cogen
  • 13. Imperfecto! Imperfecto is a form of past-tense. -AR imperfect. Aba Ábamos Abas Abais Aba Aban -ER/IR Imperfect Ía íamos Ías ías Ía Ían
  • 14. Preterite : car/gar/zar Car Qué Aste Ó Amos Asteis Aron Gar Gué Gaste Ó Amos Asteis Aron Zar Cé Aste Ó Amos Asteis Aron
  • 15. Preterite: Spock Verbs Ir/Ser Fui Fuiste Fue Fuimos Fueron Dar/Ver D/V I D/V iste D/V io D/V imos D/V ieron Hacer Hice Hiciste Hizo Hicimos Hicieron
  • 16. Preterite: Cucaracha -é -iste -o -imos -ieron -(“I” verbs -i) Andar : anduv- Estar : estv- Poder : pud- Poder : Pus- Querer : Quis- Saber : Sup- Tener : Tuv- Venir : vin- Conducir : conduj- Producir : produj- Traducir : traduj- Decir : dij- Traer : traj-
  • 17. Preterite: Snakes & Snakey Snakes and Snakeys are in the past tense.