Technology Transfer . Universities: General Concepts Part I

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Technology Transfer/Universities/General concepts
INTRODUCTION PART I

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Information without any cost
1. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER?
2. DIFFERENT DENOMINATIONS
3. TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY IN PRACTICE
4. PROPERTY RIGHTS
5. SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
6. TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
7. CAPITAL GOODS AND ICT
8. THE CONCEPT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)
DOCUMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Payment required
9.HOW TO WORK WITH TECHNOLOGY PROVIDERS

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER/UNIVERSITIES
Free information

1. CONCEPT OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Concept
Technology transfer consists on the movement of technology and associated knowledge from a provider to a receiver, who uses
them for the same purporses as the provider in exchange for compensation, usually economic
CompanySupplier
Technology and/or knowledge
A consideration

2. DIFFERENT DENOMINATIONS
Depending on the context of use, technology transfer is given different names:
•Technology transfer
•Knowledge transfer
•Technical cooperation
•Purchase and sell of technology
•Technology acquisition-licesing
•Technology import-export
•Technological alliance

3. TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY IN PRACTICE
PROPERTY RIGHTS SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
CAPITAL GOODS AND ICT TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
Pre-commercial and high uncertainty stage
Low
visibility and
tangibili-
sation
Commercial stage with low uncertainty
High
visibility and
tangibili-
sation

4. PROPERTY RIGHTS
To speak of property rights is to speak of technology materialised as inventions (devices, components, processes, methosds…)
that are protected by means of one or several existing types of industrial and intellectual property rights (patent, utility,
models, designs, marks, copyrights) and/or industrial secrets
It is technology that is available for acquisition that commonly comes as the result of research and development (R&D)
processes and is found in a somewhat advanced state of development (pre-industrial or pre-commercial stage), requiring final
adaptation in order to be used in the market and possessing a certain degree of uncertainty as to the success of the final
application
In this context, technology can be understood as the practical use of scientific knowledge obtained from R&D activity. This
type of technology is generally available from universities and research institutes, although it is also found in technology
centres and companies
- For example: the patent for teh active ingredient for treatment of a disease of value for the pharmaceutical
industry would be a case of property rights

5. SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
Scientific knowledge refers to the scientific and technological knowledge and skills needed to develop future R&D activities,
generally through the academic and scientific learning and experience of highly qualified personnel. It refers to the mastery of
state of the art in a scientific discipline and scientific methos as a methodology that permits the creation of new knowledge
through R&D projects with a high degree of uncertainly as to the success of the project and of the application of its results
This type of technology-producing knowledge is mainly available from universities, research institutes and technology centres
and somewhat less in companies. The technology for transfer appears as the result of R&D activities, which is new
technology, non-existent prior to the R&D project
For instance, the technological and academic mastery of the technology for nanostructures in materials that allows a new
technology development project

6. TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
This refers to technical knowledge and skills that are generally concealed (as part of the know-how and experience of
individuals inside an organisation) or in the public domain (regulations, laws etc…) destined to render more or less advanced
services of advice/consulting, assistance, enginineering, test, trainning or similar
These services are already available in the market (there is no uncertainty as to their business application because they have
previously been rendered)
They tend to be very specific and are privided by means of special infrastructure (mechanical test bed, advanced electron
microscope etc…) and are priovided by experts in their fields.
Technology centres and companied are the most common providers of this type of knowledge as are universities and research
instituted.
For example, advisory services for the choice of the best technologgy available for the treatment of industrial waste or for
standards compliance testing in the European Union for a solar collector imported from China.

7. CAPITAL GOODS AND ICT
These are capiel and knowledge intensive material assets that are already available in the market and are an important source
of technological innovation for certain companies. In this case, the technology is concealed inside the capital goods (machinery,
equipment, production plant etc…) in the form of knowledge and property rights
As particular case, it is also possible to consider information and communication technology (ICT) as a category of technology,
giben that the incorporation of specific advanced software or hardware often gives a huge competitive advantage.
Capital goods and ICT are almost exclusively marketed by companies. On certain occasions, software developments by
universities, research instituted and technology centres can be included in the first-category (property rights) owing to the
innovation and particular features of the developments.
Outside of this, typical examples of this type of technology are high-speed automatic packaging machinery for the food
processing industry and the computerised enterprise resource planning (ERP) system used in the wine-making industry.

8. THE CONCEPT OF RESEARCH AND DEVLOPMENT (R&D)
Following on from the definitions and classifications of technology, it makes sense to explain the concepts related to research
and development

8. THE CONCEPT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (2/2)

DOCUMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGY
TRANSFER
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9. DOWNLOADABLE DOCUMENTS
How to work with technology providers
Guide document that contains information about how to work with technology providers

Thank you for your interest
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Technology Transfer . Universities: General Concepts Part I

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Technology Transfer . Universities: General Concepts Part I