The respiratory system is made up of airways that collect and transport air through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles to the lungs. The lungs are where gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and blood through tiny sacs called alveoli. Respiration involves the rhythmic movement of the diaphragm and ribs to inhale air into the lungs during inspiration and exhale air during expiration, ensuring a continuous supply of oxygen to and removal of carbon dioxide from the body.