This is my presentation about the so called "Indian Question".

1. ‘THE INDIAN QUESTION’
FROM FREEDOM TO
RESERVATION
Marika Łańczak

2. THE INDIAN PROBLEM-
fear against the unknown
 New land and it’s odd-inhabitants.
Christopher Columbus wrote in his journal
after first contact with Natives: "The y sho uld
be g o o d se rvants . . . . I, o ur Lo rd be ing ple ase d,
willtake he nce , at the tim e o f m y de parture ,
six native s fo r yo ur Hig hne sse s. "
 First White Settlers :
confusions,
fear and
violence.

3. THE REAL LOSERS OF THE
WAR OF 1812
 32 month, between the United States of
America and The British Empire with their
Indian allies
 Reasons for the war: trade restrictions by
Britain, the impressment of American
merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, British
support of American Indian tribes against
American expansion, etc.
 Battle of Horseshoe Bend
 Real losers- Status quo ante bellum, except
end of plans for an independent Indian State

4. PRESIDENT A. JACKSON
AND HIS INDIAN REMOVAL
ACT - 1830
 7th President of USA and general – Andrew
Jackson.
 From Jefferson’s acceptance of Native
Americans rights to Jackson’s military removal
of Natives
 Five Civilized Tribes

5. THE TRAIL OF TEARS - 1831
 Over 20,000 Cherokees were forced to march
westward along the Trail of Tears. About a
quarter of them died along the way.

6. THE TRAIL OF TEARS - 1831
 According to
legend, a
Cherokee rose,
the state flower
of Georgia,
grew in every
spot a tear fell
on the Trail of
Tears.

7. TRAIL OF TEARS - 1831

8. 1851 – RESERVATIONS YEAR
 Seeking for the final solution to the „Indian
Problem”
 1851 Indian Appropriations Act
 What is an Indian reservation?
 Nowadays, there are 566 federally recognized
tribes in reservations.

9. TREATY OF FORT LARAMIE
-1851
 Treaty of Fort Laramie was signed on
September 17, 1851
 Treaty was signed between United States
treat commissioners and representatives of
the Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapho, Crow,
Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara
nations

10. SHERIDAN’S CAMPAIGN
 General Philip Sheridan
1831-1888
 Born in Albany, New
York
 „The only good Indian is
a dead Indian”
 1866 – Fort Martin Scott,
Texas
 1867 – head of the
Department of the
Missouri

11. ONE MAN’S DREAM IS ANOTHER MAN’S
NIGTHMARE – THE SIOUX TREATY AND THE
BLACK HILLS GOLD RUSH
 1868 Treaty of Fort
Larami, known as
The Sioux Treaty
 1874 – gold was
found in The Black
Hills and the Gold
Rush began
 1877 – U.S.
governement
confiscated The
Black Hills

12. GREAT SIOUX WAR OF 1876
 Battle of Little Bighorn 1876 – Custer’s army
vs Chayenne and Sioux forces
 General George Custer 1839-76
 Sitting Bull 1834-1890
„George Washington of Sioux’s” W.H. Murray
 Crazy Horse 1840-77 – chief of the Lakota, a
warrior and a Holy Man

13. GREAT SIOUX WAR OF 1876
General Custer Sitting Bull Crazy Horse

14. GREAT SIOUX WAR OF 1876

15. DAWES ACT OF 1887
 The law which will „civilize” the Indians
 Federal law intended to turn Native Americans
into farmers

16. 1890 WOUNDED KNEE
MASSACRE
 December 29, 1890 – Pine Ridge Indian
Reservation in South Dakota
 Big Foot – Lakota Sioux leader
 Ghost Dance