The document discusses the uses of the present perfect tense in English. It describes three main uses: 1) actions that began in the past and continue in the present, 2) actions that occurred at some unspecified time in the past, and 3) actions that occurred in the past but have present consequences. It also discusses the present perfect continuous tense and how it is used to emphasize duration or repetition of a situation. Finally, it notes that stative verbs like "have", "know", and "believe" are not typically used in the continuous form.

1. Present Perfect
Uses

2. Use 1: Actions which started in
the past and are still continuing
• Llevar haciendo algo un tiempo
determinado…
• “He has lived in Canada for five years.(He
started living in Canada five years ago, and
he's still living there now.)
• “She has worked at the University since
1994.”(She started working at the
University in 1994, and she's still working
there now.)

3. Use 2: Actions which happened at
some time in the past
• With words already, yet, ever or never
along with the present perfect. These words
usually go before the past participle in the
sentence.
• Para preguntas indefinidas en el tiempo:
“Have you ever been to Germany?”
• “I've already seen that film. I don't want to
see it again.”

4. Use 3: Actions which happened in
the past, but have an effect in the
present
• Acciones recientes pasadas:
• “I've lost my keys.I haven't found the keys
yet -- they're still missing.”
• “She's broken her arm.The arm is still
injured.”
• “I have just seen Paul”. ( Acabo de ver a
Paul)

5. The present perfect
continuous
can be used:
• to emphasize the duration of a situation
or activity. It's been snowing all day.
• to suggest that a situation or activity is
temporary. My mum's not well, so I've
been looking after her.

6. The present perfect
continuous
• to focus on the repetition of a situation
or activity.
He's been getting into trouble at school a lot
recently.
• to suggest a situation or activity is
incomplete.
I've been painting the house - that's why it's
in a mess

7. The present perfect simple
and continuous
• Both simple and continuous forms of
the present perfect can be used to talk
about the effects in the present of a past
event.
• Your new shoes are ruined! You've been
playing football in them, haven't you? (an
activity)
• I can't do any sport for a few weeks; I've broken
my arm. (a single action)

8. • The continuous form is not used if we
talk about the number of things that
have been completed or the number of
times a thing has been done.
• She's eaten six chocolate biscuits.
• She's been eating chocolate biscuits.

9. Stative verbs such as have
• (to possess/own), think (to have an
opinion), be, like, believe, understand and
know are not normally used in the
continuous form.
• We've known each other for a long time. ./
• We've been knowing each other for a long
time. X

10. Stative verbs such as have
• (to possess/own), think (to have an
opinion), be, like, believe, understand and
know are not normally used in the
continuous form.
• We've known each other for a long time. ./
• We've been knowing each other for a long
time. X