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Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments
1. Patterns of Participation in Formal, Non-Formal and Informal Online Learning Communities Richard A. Schwier Jennifer X Seaton Virtual Learning Communities Research Laboratory Educational Technology and Design University of Saskatchewan
17. Mean reply depth (MRD) equations Mean Reply Depth (MRD crude) = sum of reply depth for all messages/messages in the thread Mean Reply Depth (corrected)= MRD (crude) x ((n-b(childless messages)/n)