2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
Today is Pentecost. Who is it that is here in front of you? (Wang Omma.) Jesus Christ and the substantial Holy Spirit, the only Begotten Daughter, Wang Omma, are both here. I am here because of Jesus's hope. Having no recourse but to go to the cross, he promised to return. Christianity began with the apostles, with their resurrection through the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.
Hoy es Pentecostés. ¿Quién es el que está aquí frente a vosotros? (Wang Omma.) Jesucristo y el Espíritu Santo sustancial, la única Hija Unigénita, Wang Omma, están ambos aquí. Estoy aquí por la esperanza de Jesús. No teniendo más remedio que ir a la cruz, prometió regresar. El cristianismo comenzó con los apóstoles, con su resurrección por medio del Espíritu Santo en Pentecostés.
Tarrajeo, tipos de tarrajeos, empastados, solaqueos y otros revestimientos.DeinerSuclupeMori
El tarrajeo es el revestimientos de las superficies de una edificación, para ello se utiliza el mortero que es una mezcla homogénea de agua, cemento y arena gruesa o fina.
IMÁGENES SUBLIMINALES EN LAS PUBLICACIONES DE LOS TESTIGOS DE JEHOVÁClaude LaCombe
Recuerdo perfectamente la primera vez que oí hablar de las imágenes subliminales de los Testigos de Jehová. Fue en los primeros años del foro de religión “Yahoo respuestas” (que, por cierto, desapareció definitivamente el 30 de junio de 2021). El tema del debate era el “arte religioso”. Todos compartíamos nuestros puntos de vista sobre cuadros como “La Mona Lisa” o el arte apocalíptico de los adventistas, cuando repentinamente uno de los participantes dijo que en las publicaciones de los Testigos de Jehová se ocultaban imágenes subliminales demoniacas.
Lo que pasó después se halla plasmado en la presente obra.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Today is Pentecost. Who is it that is here in front of you? (Wang Omma.) Jesus Christ and the substantial Holy Spirit, the only Begotten Daughter, Wang Omma, are both here. I am here because of Jesus's hope. Having no recourse but to go to the cross, he promised to return. Christianity began with the apostles, with their resurrection through the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.
Hoy es Pentecostés. ¿Quién es el que está aquí frente a vosotros? (Wang Omma.) Jesucristo y el Espíritu Santo sustancial, la única Hija Unigénita, Wang Omma, están ambos aquí. Estoy aquí por la esperanza de Jesús. No teniendo más remedio que ir a la cruz, prometió regresar. El cristianismo comenzó con los apóstoles, con su resurrección por medio del Espíritu Santo en Pentecostés.
Tarrajeo, tipos de tarrajeos, empastados, solaqueos y otros revestimientos.DeinerSuclupeMori
El tarrajeo es el revestimientos de las superficies de una edificación, para ello se utiliza el mortero que es una mezcla homogénea de agua, cemento y arena gruesa o fina.
IMÁGENES SUBLIMINALES EN LAS PUBLICACIONES DE LOS TESTIGOS DE JEHOVÁClaude LaCombe
Recuerdo perfectamente la primera vez que oí hablar de las imágenes subliminales de los Testigos de Jehová. Fue en los primeros años del foro de religión “Yahoo respuestas” (que, por cierto, desapareció definitivamente el 30 de junio de 2021). El tema del debate era el “arte religioso”. Todos compartíamos nuestros puntos de vista sobre cuadros como “La Mona Lisa” o el arte apocalíptico de los adventistas, cuando repentinamente uno de los participantes dijo que en las publicaciones de los Testigos de Jehová se ocultaban imágenes subliminales demoniacas.
Lo que pasó después se halla plasmado en la presente obra.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
Good Stuff Happens in 1:1 Meetings: Why you need them and how to do them wellSaba Software
According to the latest State of the American Manager report from Gallup, employees who have regular meetings with their managers are almost three times as likely to be engaged as those who don’t. These regular check-ins keep managers and employees in sync and aligned. Want to see better manager/employee relationships in your organisation? Then make an all-in commitment to 1:1 meetings. Not sure how? You’ve come to the right place.
In this webinar with Jamie Resker, Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS), and Teala Wilson, Talent Management Consultant at Saba Software, you’ll get the inside track on how to hold effective 1:1 meetings, including tips for getting managers on board.
• Go beyond discussing the status of everyday work to higher level topics, including recognition, performance, development, and career aspirations
• Learn how to decide meeting frequency, what to cover, as well as roles and responsibilities of the manager and employee
• Understand how managers can build trust and make it comfortable for employees to provide upward feedback
• Unite your organisation with a unified approach to 1:1 meetings
Join us for this 1-hour webinar to get practical tips for building better manager-employee relationships with intention and purpose.
About the Speakers
Jamie Resker - Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS)
Jamie Resker, Practice Leader and Founder of Employee Performance Solutions, is a recognized innovator in performance management. She is the originator of the-the Performance Continuum Feedback Method® and Conversations to Optimize Employee Performance training program; tools and training that reshape communications between managers and employees to drive and align performance. Jamie is on the faculty for the Northeast Human Resources Association, is a contributor to Halogen Software's Talent Space Blog, and is an editorial advisory board member for HR Examiner.
Teala Wilson - Senior Consultant, Strategic Services, Saba Software
Teala is a Talent Management Consultant at Halogen Software, now a part of Saba Software. She has worked with teams on a national and global level supporting human resources in areas such as performance management, recruitment, employee benefit programs, training and talent development, workforce planning and internal communications. Teala also has a personal passion for visual arts and design.
Want to learn more? Join us for an upcoming Product Tour!
http://bit.ly/2yitfqu
This video by Simplilearn will explain to you Introduction to C Programming Language. Introduction to C Programming Language Tutorial For Beginners will explain to you the C language's history, C's importance, its features, real-world applications, and some of its advantages and disadvantages.
00:00 Introduction to C
1:42-History of C language
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, could identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
2:48-Importance and unraveling the powerful capabilities of C,
The widespread use of C started to take over the IT industry. Unraveling the potential of C, the designers began to discover new possibilities that led them to focus on the big picture.
3:56-C's cutting-edge features
The designers at Bell Laboratories ensured that their programming language solved the issues with B and BCPL and the ones they had foreseen.
6:35-The popular real-world applications of C
-UNIX operating system
-google file system
-Mozilla
-Graphical user interface
8:30-The advantages and disadvantages of C
10:34-The popular IT companies and their domains that employ C
· MasterCard
· IBM
· Flipkart
· Dell
· Twitter
· GitHub and twitch
11:09-First c program.
🔥 Explore our FREE courses with completion certificates: https://www.simplilearn.com/skillup-f...
✅Subscribe to our Channel to learn more about the top Technologies: https://bit.ly/2VT4WtH
⏩ Check out the C++ Programming training videos: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
#IntroductiontoCProgrammingLanguage #CLanguage #CProgramming #CProgram #CProgrammingLanguage #LearnCProgramming #HowToCodeInCForBeginners #CTutorialForBeginners #LearnCProgramming #Simplilearn
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, was able to identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
✅What is C++ Programming?
C++ is an enhanced and extended version of C programming language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 as part of his Ph.D. project. Bjarne developed what he called ‘C with Classes’ (later renamed C++) because he felt limited by the existing programming languages that were not ideal for large scale projects. He used C to build what he wanted because C was already a general-purpose language that was efficient and fast in its operations.
✅C++ Career Prospects:
With just C++ programming expertise, you will have excellent job opportunities, salaries, and career prospects. However, for a career based on programming languages such as Java and Python (which are in more demand than C++) or for careers based on front-end, back-end, and full-stack
1. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
2. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Definiciones y clasificación
• Contienen betún
• Productos termoplásticos
• De textura grasa
• Formados por mezclas muy diversas de:
• Hidrocarburos pesados
• Inertes
• Aridos
• Disolventes orgánicos
• Agua
• Gases combustibles
• De color negro o marrón oscuro
• Con buena adhesividad a los áridos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
4. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Betunes
• Producto orgánico coloidal
• Asfaltenos en hidrocarburos con resinas
• > Asfaltenos → > viscosidad
• Termoplásticos
• Hidrófobo
• Baja cohesión y fragilidad a bajas temperaturas
• Son la materia prima principal de los productos bituminosos
• Tipos:
• Naturales
• De destilación
• Oxiasfaltos
• Modificados (poliméricos)
• Fluidificados
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
5. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Betunes
• Natural (Betún de judea)
• De residuos fósiles
• Sólido o viscoso
• De destilación
• Destilación fraccionada del petroleo (400ºC)
• Sólido o viscoso
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
6. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Betunes
• Oxiasfaltos
• Betunes oxidados insuflando aire caliente (T>200ºC, t=5~12h)
• Se eliminan:
• H2O y CO2
• H de los hidrocarburos
• Enlaces dobles
• Se logra:
• Cruzar enlaces (reticular)
• Transformar resinas en asfaltenos
• > Viscosidad y pto. Reblandecimiento
• Mejora resistencia a ciclos climáticos
• < Penetración y durabilidad
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
7. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Betunes
• Betún modificado o polimérico
• Mezcla de betún con polímeros en caliente
• Se logra:
• > Viscosidad y reblandecimiento
• > Cpto. Mecánico y durabilidad
• Elastomérico (10~15% SBS)
• > Elasticidad y def. Rotura
• Plastomérico (25~35% APP)
• > Susc. Térmica, durabilidad y
rigidez
• < Fluencia y precio
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
8. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Betunes
• Betún fluidificado
• Más liquido
• Mediante:
• Incorporación de fracciones más volátiles del petróleo
• Incorporación de disolventes orgánicos
• Emulsión en agua
• Incremento de temperatura
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
9. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Alquitranes
• Similar al betún pero procedente de
madera o de hulla
• Más “aromático” que el betún
• > Susceptibilidad térmica,
adherencia, toxicidad y durabilidad
• Más resistentes a raíces vegetales
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
10. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Breas
• Residuo de la destilación del alquitrán
• Más denso de alquitranes
• Punto de reblandecimiento 50~80ºC
• Mezclado con PUR y resinas para obtener másticos, masillas
de sellado, revestimientos de protección
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
11. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Asfaltos
• Betún o alquitrán + áridos
• Producto análogo al hormigón.
• Naturales o artificiales
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
12. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Materiales bituminosos. Másticos bituminosos
• Producto apto para impermeabilizar in situ o en lámina
• Betún/ alquitrán (oxidados o modificados)
• (70~80%)
• Adiciones
• Filler aumenta viscosidad y reduce susceptibilidad térmica.
• Cargas (sepiolita, fibra vidrio, cenizas volantes…)
• Aditivos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
16. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
17. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas. Armaduras
• Fieltros
• Poliéster no tejido (FP)
• >130g/m²
• Resistentes al desgarro, punzonamiento y tracción
• Bajo alargamiento
• Para ajardinadas, tráfico pesado y con protección
• Fibra de Vidrio (FV)
• >50g/m²
• Estabilidad dimensional
• Bajas prestaciones mecánicas
• Para usos no exigentes
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
18. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas. Armaduras
• Tejidos
• Resistentes a Tracción
• Láminas
• LDPE
• >95g/m²
• Deformabilidad plástica
• Baja resistencia
• Para colocación flotante y no soldada
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
19. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas. NBE-QB-90 Desig.
LBM(SBS)-40/FP
• Tipo:
• LO Lámina de oxiasfalto
• LOM Lámina de oxiasfalto modificado
• LBM Lámina de betún modificado
• Polímero
– (SBS) Estireno-butadieno-estireno
– (APP) Polipropileno atáctico
• Densidad (g/dm2
)
• 20-50
• Armadura
• FP Fieltro de poliester
• FV Fibra de vidrio
• PE Polietileno
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
20. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas. CTE-HS1
• Pendiente >15% fijación mecánica
• Pendiente 5~15% adheridos
• Pendiente <5% adheridos o no adheridos
• Sistemas no adheridos deben llevar capa de protección
pesada.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
21. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Impermeabilizaciones. Láminas bituminosas. CTE-HS1
• Sistema adherido
• Láminas con buena capacidad de deformación y resistencia
a la fatiga
• Sistema no adheridos
• Movimientos soporte no se transmiten
• Menos solicitada y fatigada
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
22. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos y Selladores
• Construcción → Σ componentes (elementos)
• Soportados → Interfase transmisora de esfuerzos →
adhesivos
• Autoportantes → juntas estancas → selladores
• Adhesivos
• Reparan o unen a otros por su interfase → σv
• Adherendo ↔ adhesivo ↔ soporte
• Selladores (masillas)
• Cierran juntas o grietas → ε
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
23. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Definición
• Sustancia líquida, viscosa o semisólida que interpuesta entre
dos materiales al solidificar los mantiene unidos.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
24. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Bañabilidad
• Establece la capacidad de un adhesivo para unir 2
adherentes. Depende del ángulo de bañabilidad:
• Para que un adhesivo bañe un soporte su energía superficial
debe ser inferior a la del adherente.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
25. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Componentes
• Principio activo: polímero orgánico
• Vehículo: fluidez para aplicación y reducción de ts
• Disolvente (orgánico): rapidez y penetración: Adhesivo
• Dispersante (agua): inocuidad y limpieza: Cola
• Adhesivos de reacción: vehículo=principio activo
• Aditivos
• Cargas/ refuerzos: polvo no adhesivo (pasivo)
• Colorantes
• Diluyentes: adhesivos (activos)
• Endurecedores, estabilizantes, etc.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
26. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Características.
• Se aplican en capa fina
• σT > 5MPa
• 10MPa para aplicaciones estructurales
• Mecanismos de adhesión
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
27. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Tipos de adhesión
• Mecánica: unión por enclavamiento en el relleno de los poros
del adherente por parte del adhesivo.
• Química: formación de un nuevo compuesto químico.
• Uniones fuertes: iónicos o covalentes.
• Uniones débiles: puentes de hidrógeno.
• Dispersiva: fuerzas de Van der Waals en moléculas cargadas
negativa y positivamente respectivamente.
• Electrostática: diferencia potencial por paso de electrones en
materiales conductores.
• Difusión: las moléculas son móviles y solubles entre sí.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
28. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Formas de trabajo de la junta encolada
1. Rotura por el adhesivo
• Cohesión A<Adhesión AB
• Cohesión A<Cohesión B
1. Rotura por el adherente
• Cohesión B<Adhesión AB
• Cohesión B<Cohesión A
1. Rotura por la unión
• Adhesión AB<Cohesión A
• Adhesión AB<Cohesión B
• A=Adhesivo B=Adherente
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
29. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Comportamiento mecánico
• Tensiones
• Tracción
• Rasante (cortante)
• Desgarro
• Peladura
• No adherir revestimientos a soportes menos
rígidos
• El adhesivo ha de ser más flexible que el
soporte y que el adherendo
• Rigidez: soporte>adherendo>adhesivo
• La fuerza para separar dos sólidos pegados
por un adhesivo es inversamente
proporcional al espesor de la capa de
adhesivo
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
30. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Comportamiento mecánico
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
32. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos naturales
• Características:
• En disolución acuosa (reversibles)
• Proteínicos (putrescibles)
• Tipología
• Vegetales, a base de glutina
• Color claro
• Almidón (engrudos), dextrina, etc.
• Animales
• De albúmina (sangre)
• Caseína (leche) alcalinizada
• Gluten de despojos (colas de carpintero)
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
33. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos sintéticos. Elásticos
• Características:
• Resinas elastoméricas: elásticas y deformables
• Tipología
• Adhesivos de contacto: cauchos de isopreno
• Uso universal
• PUR (poliéster + isocianato)
• Polares y unilaterales
• Amplio uso, y para madera y cerámica
• Látex: caucho natural en dispersión acuosa
• Para superficies porosas y conglomerantes
• Siliconas (polisiloxanos): reticulan con la humedad
• Uso según reacción: compatibilidad con interfases
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
34. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos sintéticos. Termoplásticos
• Características
• Pseudoplásticos → relajación
• Prestaciones: entre los elásticos y los naturales
• Tipos principales:
• Acrílicos (dispersión):
• resistentes a la humedad; olor desagradable
• Polivinílicos (emulsión, pasta blanca)
• T>10ºC; higroscópicos; para carpintería
• Celulósicos
• Acetatos en disolución (acetona): pegamento
• Metilcelulosa y CMC, para papeles pintados
• Termofusibles (“hot melt”)
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
35. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos sintéticos. Termoestables
• Características:
• Rígidos e insolubles (resistentes a la humedad)
• Resistencia y durabilidad, pero frágiles
• Tipos principales:
• Epóxidos: epiclorhidrina + bisfenol-A
• Posibilidades de formulación
• Resistentes, duraderos, sin poros
• Usos estructurales (protegidos de UV)
• Fenólicos
• Activación térmica y color pardo oscuro
• Uniones de carpintería en taller
• Cementos-cola:
• Cemento + colas en dispersión/disolución acuosa
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
36. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos. Comparación
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
49. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Selladores. Juntas preformadas.
• Perfiles extrusionados
• Neopreno
• PVC
• SBS
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
50. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Selladores. Juntas preformadas.
• Gomas expandibles
• Elastómeros con cargas de arcillas expansivas
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
51. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Adhesivos y selladores. Conclusiones
• Adhesivos y selladores son parecidos y comparten
componentes
• Pero tienen funciones distintas
• El adhesivo es resistente
• El sellador es deformable
• Un sellador es adhesivo pero no es un adhesivo
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
52. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas y barnices. Conceptos.
• Producto fluido, líquido o viscoso
• Disolución (homogénea), dispersión (heterogénea) o
resina (insoluble en agua)
• Para aplicar sobre un soporte en capa fina
• Con fin decorativo y protector
• Al secar o endurecer forma una película
• Espesor reducido (e<1mm)
• Sólida y opaca, adherida al soporte
• Si es transparente o translúcida se denomina barniz
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
53. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos
• Esmalte: pintura grasa (alquídica o gliceroftálica) capaz de
formar una película tersa, brillante, e impermeable.
• Laca: pintura dura y brillante (nitrocelulósica)
• Lasur: pintura microporosa para madera
• Mordiente: colorante de reacción
• Tinte: colorante de masa
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
55. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Vehículo
• Fase líquida
• Base de la pintura
• Al endurecer, forma la película
• Soporta las fases sólidas
• Facilita la aplicación
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
56. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Aglutinante
• Es el elemento que forma la película
• Y se adhiere al soporte
• A la vez que aglutina a los pigmentos
• Componente principal de la pintura
• Generalmente es un polímero, pero no siempre
• Endurece por evaporación del diluyente, polimerización, o
fraguado
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
57. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Diluyente
• Ingrediente volátil que fluidifica al aglutinante
• Disolvente o dispersante
• Disolvente: mayor penetración, volatilidad y
reversibilidad
• Dispersante (agua): menor toxicidad
• El evaporar se forma la película
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
58. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Pero la deja (micro)porosa y permeable
• Salvo las pinturas de reacción (termoestables de adición)
• Cuanto menos diluyente, mejor
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
59. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Aditivos
• Líquidos o sólidos solubles
• En proporciones bajas (<5%)
• Adaptan las características de la pintura a usos
específicos
• Antiespumantes
• Biocidas
• Plastificantes
• Secantes
• Etc.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
60. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Colorantes
• Pigmentos (insolubles)
• Opacos, dan color (decoran)
• Y protegen al aglutinante de la
radiación solar (del envejecimiento)
• Pero más los claros que los oscuros
• Y más los minerales que los orgánicos
• Tintes (solubles)
• Naturales o sintéticos
• No se utilizan en pinturas de
edificación
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
61. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Componentes
• Cargas
• Partículas sólidas inertes e insolubles que no dan color a la
pintura
• Permiten obtener diferentes intensidades de un mismo
tono manteniendo el % de sólidos (pps)
• Dan mayor cuerpo a la pintura
• Ayudan a los pigmentos a proteger al aglutinante
• Pero tienen funciones específicas
• Estabilizantes, fungicidas, tixotrópicas, anticorrosivas, etc.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
62. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos en función del aglutinante
Orgánicas
• Naturales
• Óleo
• Temple
• Sintéticas
• Acrílicas
• Alcídicas (alquídicas o
gliceroftálicas)
• Clorocauchos
• Epoxídicas
• Nitrocelulósicas
• Plásticas
• Poliuretanos
• Vinílicas
Inorgánicas
• Minerales
• Cal
• Cemento
• Silicatos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
63. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos.
• Pinturas al oleo
• Dispersión de pigmentos en aceites naturales (linaza)
• Fluidificadas con esencia de trementina
• Aguarrás o “white spirit”
• Y con secantes para facilitar su oxidación
• Adherentes, brillantes, cubrientes, duraderas, flexibles e
impermeables
• Aplicación a brocha sobre
cualquier soporte
• Pueden saponificar en
soportes alcalinos húmedos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
64. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos.
• Temples
• Pigmentos aglutinados por cola
animal o vegetal en disolución
acuosa
• Cargas de caliza, yeso o creta
• Aspecto mate; colores pastel
• Aplicación a brocha o proyección
(gotelé) sobre yeso o madera, en
interiores
• Posibilidades de texturar la pasta
• Barata, puede plastificarse con
dispersiones poliméricas
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
65. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos.
• Plásticas
• Utilizan polímeros acrílicos, estirénicos, estireno-butadieno,
vinílicos.
• Emulsión en base acuosa.
• Secado rápido, elasticidad, lavables.
• Mayor cubrición.
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
66. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos.
• Cal
• Cal apagada dispersada en agua, con pigmentos
minerales
• Capa porosa que endurece por carbonatación
• Mate, biocida
• Pintura rural tradicional
• Blanco luminoso
• Aplicación a brocha
sobre soportes porosos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
67. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Tipos.
• Silicato
• Solución o dispersión acuosa de silicato potásico
• Carácter alcalino
• Reacciona con los componentes calizos y el ambiente
para formar carbonato potásico, sílice y silicato cálcico
(insolubles)
• Capa mate, dura y adherente, pero permeable
• Sobre soportes calcáreos
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
68. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012
Pinturas. Resumen
• Las pinturas no solo decoran; también protegen
• A costa de su deterioro
• Gracias a sus pigmentos y aglutinante
• Pero sin diluyente no podrían aplicarse
• Lo que las deja más o menos permeables
• Salvo las pinturas de reacción (adición)
• Aunque existen pinturas y sistemas para cualquier situación
• Y sistemas normalizados de designar el color
MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
69. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM
70. UD. 12. BITUMINOSOS, ADHESIVOS, SELLADORES Y PINTURAS
CURSO 2011-2012MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION. DCTA. ETSA. UPM