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02 rolac - ocha herramientas y recursos
- 1. Herramientas y Servicios dela Comunidad Internacional en caso de respuesta a desastres OCHA ROLAC 2012 www.unocha.org
- 2. International response in Haiti Video
- 4. Las primeras horas GlobalDisaster Alert Coordination System Request for international assistence Disaster affected country International response • National disaster relief coord. • Donor • Embassies/Donor Reps governments/Agencies • UN agencies • UN agencies ASSISTANC • National Red Cross/Crescent E • Red Cross/Crescent family. • National NGO’s • International NGO’s • Private sector • Privates and diasporas Respuesta Local •Others (including military) Respuesta del Sistema Nacional Military relief support de Respuesta a Desastres
- 5. Herramientas & serviciosde las primeras horas Coordinación In Situ Medio ambiente Mapeo Campamentos UNHRD Financiación de Emergencia
- 6. Herramientas Central Register & servicios de las primeras semanas
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- 9. Mobilización deRecursos Flash CERF Appeal ECG Otros
- 10. Financiamiento Humanitario DEMANDA OFERTA • Peticiones de las Agencias • Donantes Bilaterales • Peticiones consolidadas • Donantes Multilaterales (Flash Appeals) • Sector Privado • Peticiones de las ONG bajo • Fondos Combinados (CERF, CHF, ERF) un mismo paragua • Fondos Organizacionales / Inter- • Peticiones del Movimiento de Agenciales la Cruz Roja y Media Luna
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- 12. Flash Appeal: rationale? Para proveer un Para evitar marco competencia estrategico, coo entre rdenado y llamamientos programatico Para servir de inventario de propuesta, de prioridades y un barometro de la financiación de la respuesta.
- 13. Flash Appeal vsfinanciamiento : Cuanto en la region?
- 16. CERF: que es? •Fondo Humanitario • Mecanismo Financiero • Herramienta • Estrategia
- 18. Mas de 90donantes confian en el Fondo para proporcionar fondos de emergencia a 78 países 1700 proyectos 2011: $383 millones USD 1800 millones recibidos de 53 paises http://cerf.un.org
- 19. MECANISMOS FINANCIEROS CERF -PAISES BENEFICIADOS POR EL CERF 2006 – 2010 $ 1,650 Millones en proyectos 77 países 12 países son de LAC $ 1,514 Millones Source: CERF Website – Jun.2010 Mapa: OCHA – AVMU ROLAC
- 20. MECANISMOS FINANCIEROS LOS PAISESDONANTES AL CERF 2006 – 2010 119 países donantes en total 17 países de LAC 0,07 % son contribuciones de LAC Source: CERF Website – Jun.2010 Mapa: OCHA – AVMU ROLAC
Notas del editor
- #5 Disaster strikes – EQ 7.6 10 km deep – going to be bigWhat happens in the first few hours – how does the international response unfold and which of OCHA’s tools come into play first?ALERTNews sources. But need more idea of how big the disaster might be.GDACS. Automated system, takes information from various sources, does something technical and comes up with a grading system – Red, Orange, Green.V-OSOCCHow many of you are signed up to the VO?This is where those who jobs it is to monitor these kinds of things in the world start posting more information. Plus maybe those who live in the country or region of the disaster. Duty Officers will all be trying to find out more and this is where they will share their information. If an Earthquake or collapsed structure emergency, USAR teams will be monitoring and posting info on their readiness and capabilities.OCHA’s Duty Officer – and FCSS – will have received SMS alerts through GDACS, USGS, the VO, phone calls to Regional Disaster Response Advisors and Field Offices, UNDP and other contacts in-country - and will be ascertaining the likely response need including for an UNDAC team. Generally UNDAC always put on standby for EQs – mandate to coordinate international USAR teams in a collapsed structure disaster.Rapid mobilization & deployment will be key and the situation will be unclear and chaotic. Statistics on the dead and wounded may not yet be understood or be multiplying by the hour and the scale of the emergency will not yet be apparent. But as soon as the Government request international assistance – that is the green light for the international humanitarian community to mobilize.In an Earthquake or collapsed structure, USAR teams will be deploying and posting info on the VO FCSS will deploy an UNDAC team to coordinate their activities. The infrastructure will be damaged, maybe totally destroyed. Teams will need to be self-sufficient, at least for the first few days, since little support will be available on the ground, nor can be expected when communities are in disarray. Communications will probably be disrupted so the least we will probably do is to request IHP – or their regional equivalent – to provide a one-man ITC module. IHP will have been alerted along with the UNDAC and discussions will already have taken place on what the immediate needs might be.All efforts are focused on life-saving activities and trying to get information to build up a better picture of what has happened, who has been affected and what the primary needs are going to be. OCHA and other organizations Situation Reports will start to appear on Reliefweb reporting on what is known so far.
- #6 Tratados y Convenciones- Aduanas- Tampere
- #21 Humanitarian Financing – ChallengesCompetition & inconsistent donor policies Lack of plurality, diversity & complimentarity of fundingNeed to ensure equitable & transparent access to fundsLinks between supply & demand
- #24 ¿Qué es el llamamiento de Ayuda Internacional?El llamamiento provee una precisa descripción general (10 páginas) de las necesidades más urgentes para salvar las vidas de las personas afectadas, el mismo se efectúa a lasemana de ocurrida la emergencia. Este documento manifiesta una precisa descripción de las necesidades requeridas para los próximos 6meses y se basa la mejor información disponible al momento de la redacción del Llamamiento. Si la emergencia se extiende más allá de los seis meses, el Flash Appeal puede desarrollarse dentro de un Llamamiento Consolidado.
- #25 GA Resolution 46/182 : “For emergencies requiring a consolidated response, the Secretary-General should ensure that an initial Consolidated Appeal covering all concerned organisations of the system, prepared in consultation with the affected State, is issued within the shortest possible time…”
- #26 Guatemala Food Insecurity and Acute Malnutrition Appeal 2010 : $ 34 million requested, $ 3.9 received (11.7%)In 2009, total humanitarian contribution (outside the FA): approx $ 17 million ($ 12 from CERF)BOLIVIA - Epidemic - January 2009 US$ 244,182 BRAZIL - Floods - May 2009 US$ 528,777 COSTA RICA - Earthquake - January 2009 US$ 398,061 El Salvador - Hurricane Ida - November 2009 US$ 15 millionGUATEMALA - FoodInsecurity - September 2009US$ 651,799 In 2010, total humanitarian contribution (outside the FA): approx $ 2.92 billion ($ 55 million from CERF)BRAZIL - Floods and Landslides - April 2010 US$ 60,564 CHILE - Earthquake - February 2010 US$ 119 millionFIJI - Tropical Cyclone Tomas - March 2010 US$ 1.6 millionHAITI - Earthquakes - January 2010 US$ 2.8 billion
- #27 Guatemala Food Insecurity and Acute Malnutrition Appeal 2010 : $ 34 million requested, $ 3.9 received (11.7%)In 2009, total humanitarian contribution (outside the FA): approx $ 17 million ($ 12 from CERF)BOLIVIA - Epidemic - January 2009 US$ 244,182 BRAZIL - Floods - May 2009 US$ 528,777 COSTA RICA - Earthquake - January 2009 US$ 398,061 El Salvador - Hurricane Ida - November 2009 US$ 15 millionGUATEMALA - FoodInsecurity - September 2009US$ 651,799 In 2010, total humanitarian contribution (outside the FA): approx $ 2.92 billion ($ 55 million from CERF)BRAZIL - Floods and Landslides - April 2010 US$ 60,564 CHILE - Earthquake - February 2010 US$ 119 millionFIJI - Tropical Cyclone Tomas - March 2010 US$ 1.6 millionHAITI - Earthquakes - January 2010 US$ 2.8 billion
- #35 CERF loan: if funding is committed but not yet paid, or if commitment is thought very likely.CERF grants: if no other funding source is immediately available, including agencies’ own unearmarked agency funds and earmarked donor grants. So far, US$ 345 has been pledged for CERF grants for 2007. These funds will be divided between the rapid response and the under-funded windows. There is also a loan component of $50 million.Grant component: Rapid response (2/3 of grant facility)promote early action and response to reduce loss of lifeenhance response to time-critical requirementsGrant component: Underfunded crises(1/3 of grant facility)strengthen core elements of humanitarian response in under-funded crisesLoan component ($50 million)enhance financial flexibility of the humanitarian organizationsCERF loan: if funding is committed but not yet paid, or if commitment is thought very likely.CERF grants: if no other funding source is immediately available, including agencies’ own unearmarked agency funds and earmarked donor grants. So far, US$ 345 has been pledged for CERF grants for 2007. These funds will be divided between the rapid response and the under-funded windows. There is also a loan component of $50 million.Grant component: Rapid response (2/3 of grant facility)promote early action and response to reduce loss of lifeenhance response to time-critical requirementsGrant component: Underfunded crises(1/3 of grant facility)strengthen core elements of humanitarian response in under-funded crisesLoan component ($50 million)enhance financial flexibility of the humanitarian organizations
- #39 En 2009, se desembolsaron más de 390,000 USD en América Latina o sea 55% de los fondos que OCHA dispone a nivel global. En 2010, más de USD 525,000 ! Los fondos de emergencias permitieron la compra de material de primeras necesidades en 8 países en 2009 en beneficio a las poblaciones afectadas. El fondo permite cubrir las necesidades más apremiantes de las poblaciones afectadas resultantes de desastres naturales, ambientales y tecnológicos. El fondo proporciona una inyección inicial de fondos para que los organismos pongan en marcha la asistencia humanitaria.Este fondo sirve para: Compras locales de artículos de socorro, de apoyo logístico y, excepcionalmente, contratación de personal a corto plazo para ayudar al RC/HC en coordinación de socorro. El fondo NO financia: Actividades de rehabilitación y reconstrucción, para establecer mecanismos de coordinación o para contratar personal.Un fondo de Emergencia de OCHA para actividades de socorro en la respuesta inmediata después de un desastre. Establecido por Resolución de la Asamblea de las NNUU (59/141 de diciembre 2004), su monto máximo es de USD 100,000. Los fondos se requieren cuando el desastre afecta la capacidad de respuesta de un país o de varias agencias o cuando el Coordinador Residente (RC o HC) lo estime necesario. Generalmente se canalizan a través del PNUD para las adquisiciones locales o transporte de artículos de socorro. Por lo general, se colocan a disposición del RC. Sin embargo, el RC puede solicitar y obtener el asentimiento del OCHA para su transferencia a las autoridades nacionales o locales de las organizaciones no gubernamentales.Problemas: Financiamiento de actividades no aceptadas (Evaluaciones) / Pedido de overhead (Jamaica) / Retrasos en el desembolso / falta información básica – cuantitativa - de familias por ejemplo, necesidades,…para complementar otros fondos de emergencias / problema con la entrega de cost plan (10 dias). Las agencias no reportan y no ejecutan en el tiempo (2 meses) / sobregiros y excendentes