Este documento describe el metabolismo del glucógeno en el hígado, incluyendo la estructura y degradación del glucógeno mediante la glucógeno fosforilasa. Explica que la glucógeno fosforilasa cataliza la fosforilación de enlaces α-1,4 del glucógeno para liberar glucosa-1-fosfato, y que la glucosa-6-fosfato resultante puede utilizarse en la glucólisis u otras rutas metabólicas. También resume las vías de regulación de la glucogenolisis en el
Este documento describe el metabolismo hepático del glucógeno. Explica que los niveles de glucógeno hepático varían a lo largo del día y aumentan después de las comidas para mantener estables los niveles de glucosa en sangre. Detalla los procesos de síntesis y degradación del glucógeno, incluyendo los enzimas y reacciones involucradas. También cubre la regulación de la glucógeno sintetasa y el papel de las hormonas como el glucagón en controlar los niveles de glucosa.
Este documento proporciona una clasificación y descripción breve de los glúcidos o carbohidratos. Explica que los glúcidos se forman principalmente por carbono, hidrógeno y oxígeno, y pueden clasificarse en monosacáridos, oligosacáridos y polisacáridos. También describe algunos monosacáridos importantes como la glucosa, fructosa y galactosa, así como polisacáridos como el almidón, glucógeno y celulosa.
El documento describe los ácidos nucleicos ADN y ARN. El ADN está formado por desoxirribonucleótidos unidos por enlaces fosfodiéster y contiene la información genética de los organismos. El ADN adopta una estructura secundaria en doble hélice gracias a los puentes de hidrógeno entre las bases nitrogenadas. El ARN transporta la información del ADN a la síntesis de proteínas y también participa en otros procesos celulares.
Este documento describe diferentes tipos de oligosacáridos, incluyendo disacáridos y trisacáridos. Explica que los oligosacáridos están formados por 2-10 monosacáridos unidos por enlaces glicosídicos. Luego clasifica y describe varios disacáridos comunes derivados de monosacáridos como la glucosa, galactosa y fructosa. Finalmente, menciona algunos trisacáridos reductores como la maltosa y la β-lycotriosa.
Este documento trata sobre la gluconeogénesis y la ruta de las pentosas fosfato. Explica que la gluconeogénesis es la síntesis de glucosa a partir de precursores no glucídicos en el hígado, proporcionando glucosa a tejidos como el cerebro y los eritrocitos. También describe las reacciones enzimáticas involucradas, como la piruvato carboxilasa y la fructosa-1,6-bisfosfatasa, y explica cómo se regula la gluconeogénesis a través de en
Este documento describe los compuestos fenólicos, metabolitos biosintetizados por plantas y algunos animales inferiores. Los compuestos fenólicos contienen un anillo aromático con un grupo hidroxilo y son heterogéneos, ácidos y solubles en agua. Cumplen funciones importantes como pigmentos, sustancias defensivas y reguladoras de interacciones entre plantas y microorganismos.
El documento describe los procesos de glucolisis y respiración celular. La glucolisis degrada la glucosa en ácido pirúvico en el citoplasma, produciendo un poco de ATP. El ácido pirúvico se procesa luego por respiración aeróbica en las mitocondrias usando oxígeno, o por fermentación anaeróbica sin oxígeno. La respiración aeróbica completa la degradación a CO2 y H2O, mientras que la fermentación produce otros productos para regenerar NAD+.
El documento describe los procesos de digestión y absorción de carbohidratos. 1) La digestión de carbohidratos ocurre principalmente en el intestino delgado a través de enzimas pancreáticas e intestinales. 2) La α-amilasa salival hidroliza el almidón en polisacáridos y oligosacáridos más pequeños. 3) La α-amilasa pancreática continúa la hidrólisis en el intestino delgado rompiendo los enlaces α-1,4 del almidón.
Este documento describe el metabolismo hepático del glucógeno. Explica que los niveles de glucógeno hepático varían a lo largo del día y aumentan después de las comidas para mantener estables los niveles de glucosa en sangre. Detalla los procesos de síntesis y degradación del glucógeno, incluyendo los enzimas y reacciones involucradas. También cubre la regulación de la glucógeno sintetasa y el papel de las hormonas como el glucagón en controlar los niveles de glucosa.
Este documento proporciona una clasificación y descripción breve de los glúcidos o carbohidratos. Explica que los glúcidos se forman principalmente por carbono, hidrógeno y oxígeno, y pueden clasificarse en monosacáridos, oligosacáridos y polisacáridos. También describe algunos monosacáridos importantes como la glucosa, fructosa y galactosa, así como polisacáridos como el almidón, glucógeno y celulosa.
El documento describe los ácidos nucleicos ADN y ARN. El ADN está formado por desoxirribonucleótidos unidos por enlaces fosfodiéster y contiene la información genética de los organismos. El ADN adopta una estructura secundaria en doble hélice gracias a los puentes de hidrógeno entre las bases nitrogenadas. El ARN transporta la información del ADN a la síntesis de proteínas y también participa en otros procesos celulares.
Este documento describe diferentes tipos de oligosacáridos, incluyendo disacáridos y trisacáridos. Explica que los oligosacáridos están formados por 2-10 monosacáridos unidos por enlaces glicosídicos. Luego clasifica y describe varios disacáridos comunes derivados de monosacáridos como la glucosa, galactosa y fructosa. Finalmente, menciona algunos trisacáridos reductores como la maltosa y la β-lycotriosa.
Este documento trata sobre la gluconeogénesis y la ruta de las pentosas fosfato. Explica que la gluconeogénesis es la síntesis de glucosa a partir de precursores no glucídicos en el hígado, proporcionando glucosa a tejidos como el cerebro y los eritrocitos. También describe las reacciones enzimáticas involucradas, como la piruvato carboxilasa y la fructosa-1,6-bisfosfatasa, y explica cómo se regula la gluconeogénesis a través de en
Este documento describe los compuestos fenólicos, metabolitos biosintetizados por plantas y algunos animales inferiores. Los compuestos fenólicos contienen un anillo aromático con un grupo hidroxilo y son heterogéneos, ácidos y solubles en agua. Cumplen funciones importantes como pigmentos, sustancias defensivas y reguladoras de interacciones entre plantas y microorganismos.
El documento describe los procesos de glucolisis y respiración celular. La glucolisis degrada la glucosa en ácido pirúvico en el citoplasma, produciendo un poco de ATP. El ácido pirúvico se procesa luego por respiración aeróbica en las mitocondrias usando oxígeno, o por fermentación anaeróbica sin oxígeno. La respiración aeróbica completa la degradación a CO2 y H2O, mientras que la fermentación produce otros productos para regenerar NAD+.
El documento describe los procesos de digestión y absorción de carbohidratos. 1) La digestión de carbohidratos ocurre principalmente en el intestino delgado a través de enzimas pancreáticas e intestinales. 2) La α-amilasa salival hidroliza el almidón en polisacáridos y oligosacáridos más pequeños. 3) La α-amilasa pancreática continúa la hidrólisis en el intestino delgado rompiendo los enlaces α-1,4 del almidón.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
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Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
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The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
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Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
2 Glucogeno Degradacion
1. Bioquímica hepática
(II) El metabolismo del glucógeno.
Glucogenolisis
El hepatocito muestra abundantes
gránulos de glucógeno
1
2. Ultraestructura de los gránulos de glucógeno
grá glucó
35nm
Rosetas de glucógeno Partícula β
Estructura de cadenas
ramificadas
macromolécula
de
glucógeno
Lado catalítico
Capa exterior de enzimas
implicados en el
metabolismo del
glucógeno Lado regulador
1 µm
Glucógeno
fosforilasa
El glucógeno...
Está presente en la mayoría de las células animales
Abunda en el hígado (10% peso) y en músculo esquelético (fibra
muscular blanca, 3% peso)
Es un polímero de la glucosa y, por tanto, una forma de
almacenamiento de glucosa dentro de la célula que le sirve de
reservorio energético
Es de elevado peso molecular, y sin embargo es soluble en agua
Una función similar la desempeña el almidón en el mundo vegetal
2
3. El glucógeno es una macromolécula de estructura muy ramificada. Las
ramificaciones son más frecuentes en la zona central que en la periférica. La
molécula de glucógeno tiene un peso molecular ≥ 10.000.000. En su núcleo
central existe una proteína, la glicogenina. Puede formalmente hablarse de que
se trata de una glicoproteína extraordinariamente glicosilada.
Dos tipos de enlace en la estructura del Glucógeno
CH2OH CH2OH
O O
H H H H
H H
1
H
OH H OH
O
OH
O
H OH
OH
H
CH2OH CH2OH
6 CH2
CH2OH CH2OH
5 O O
O
O O H H H H H
H H
H H H
H H
H
H H
1 4 OH H H
H
H H OH
OH OH OH
4 O O
O O OH
OH
2
3
H OH H OH
H OH
H OH H OH
El glucógeno es un polímero formado por unidades de glucosa
unidas por dos tipos de enlaces:
α(1 4) glicosídicos (mayoritariamente)
α(1 6) glicosídicos (en las ramificaciones)
3
4. La degradación del glucógeno ocurre desde los extremos 4-OH de las cadenas.
El enzima clave es la glucógeno fosforilasa
glucó
Glicogenina
Extremo 4-OH (reductor)
CH2OH
O
H H
H
H
OH
OPO32−
OH
H OH
glucosa-1-fosfato
El enzima glucógeno fosforilasa cataliza la fosforólisis de los
fosforó
enlaces α(1 4) glicosídicos, liberando glucosa-1-fosfato:
glucógeno(n) + Pi glucógeno (n–1) + glucosa-1-fosfato
Hidrólisis: R-O-R' + HOH R-OH + R'-OH
Fosforólisis: R-O-R' + HO-PO32- R-OH + R'-O-PO32-
HO-
4
5. La reacción de fosforólisis catalizada por la glucógeno fosforilasa
reacció fosforó glucó
Glucógeno (N)
Pi
Glucógeno fosforilasa
Glucógeno (N-1)
α-D-Glucosa 1-fosfato
El piridoxal fosfato, un derivado de la
vitamina B6, actúa de grupo prostético de la
glucógeno fosforilasa
El coenzima está anclado al sitio activo
H O
del enzima a través de un enlace de base
C
O−
−O H2
Schiff (formado por la condensación del
P C OH
aldehído y un ε-amino de una lisina.
O
O
+
N CH3
H
piridoxal fosfato Enz
(CH2)4
N+
HC H
O−
−O H2
O−
P C
O
O
+
N CH3
H
Enzyme (Lys)-PLP Schiff base
5
6. ¿Cómo actúa la glucógeno fosforilasa?
Glucógeno
fosforilasa
Glucosa 1-P
¿Cómo actúa el enzima desramificante? (I)
α-1,4/α-1,4 trans-glicosidasa
6
7. ¿Cómo actúa el enzima desramificante? (II)
α1-6 glicosidasa
Glucógeno
Glucosa 1-P
fosforilasa
El enzima desramificante tiene dos centros catalíticos
independientes, resultante del plegamiento de una única cadena
polipeptídica:
La actividad transferasa permite hidrolizar un trisacárido de
glucosa, y transferirlo al extremo de otra cadena.Queda una
glucosa unida por un enlace α(1 4).
La actividad α(1 6) glucosidasa hidroliza el enlace
α(1 6) y libera glucosa. Es la única ocasión en la que se
libera glucosa del glucógeno.
7
8. Lugar de hidrólisis de la α-1,6 glucosidasa
La acción coordinada de los tres enzimas...
α-1,4/α-1,4 transferasa
α-1,6 glucosidasa
Glucógeno
fosforilasa
8
9. Una visión global de la degradación del glucógeno
visió degradació glucó
Glicogenina
El producto resultante Fosforilasa
del catabolismo del
glucógeno es:
glucosa-1-fosfato
y una pequeña cantidad
de glucosa Transferasa
α-1,6-glucosidasa
La glucosa-1-fosfato no puede utilizarse directamente en el
metabolismo celular
Fosfoglucomutasa
α-D-Glucosa 6-fosfato
α-D-Glucosa 1-fosfato
Glucosa Glicolisis
• La glucosa-6-fosfato sí puede ser sanguínea (Ciclo Krebs)
utilizada en otras rutas metabólicas...
9
10. •El enzima fosfoglucomutasa cataliza la reacción reversible:
glucosa-1-fosfato glucosa-6-fosfato
Enzyme-Ser-OPO32−
Enzyme-Ser-OPO32− Enzyme-Ser-OH
CH2OPO32− CH2OPO32−
CH2OH
O O O
H H H H H H
H H H
H H H
OH OH OH
OPO32− OPO32− OH
OH OH OH
H OH H OH H OH
glucosa-1-fosfato glucosa-6-fosfato
La serina-OH, en el centro activo del enzima, es el lugar en el que se fija el Pi.
Destino metabólico de la glucosa 6-fosfato en el hígado
Glucógeno Glucosa
Glucokinasa
G-6-Pasa
Glucosa-1-P Glucosa-6-P Glucosa + Pi
Glicolisis
Piruvato
La glucosa-6-fosfatasa, que solo existe en el hígado, cataliza la reacción:
glucosa-6-fosfato + H2O glucosa + Pi
Es clave para la función reguladora de la homeostasis de la
glucosa que ejerce el hígado. Los demás tejidos carecen de ella
10
11. Destino metabólico de la glucosa 6-fosfato en otros tejidos
Glucógeno Glucosa
Glucokinasa
G-6-Pasa
Glucosa-6-P Glucosa + Pi
Glucosa-1-P
Glicólisis
Piruvato
La regulación de la glucogenolisis
La glucógeno fosforilasa es, de entre los varios enzimas que participan en el
catabolismo del glucógeno, el enzima que más eficazmente regula la
glucogenolisis.
La regulación de la glucógeno fosforilasa hepática y la muscular es diferente
La regulación de la glucogenolisis puede tener lugar por tres vías diferentes:
Interconversión enzimática de la glucógeno fosforilasa (mecanismo
dependiente de cAMP; hígado)
Activación del enzima por mecanismos dependiente de Ca2+ (músculo
e hígado)
Activación alostérica (AMP)
Dado que el destino metabólico del glucógeno es diferente, la glucogenolisis
está regulada por señales hormonales diferentes en cada tejido (glucagón en
el hígado y β-adrenérgicos en el músculo). El glucagón se produce en
respuesta a niveles bajos de glucosa. La epinefrina es parte de la respuesta ,
de “alerta” del individuo ante el peligro.
11
12. Regulación de la glucogenolisis (I)
La glucógeno fosforilasa (hígado y músculo) existe bajo dos
formas:
quot;aquot; es una forma activa del enzima fosforilada, cuya
actividad es poco sensible a reguladores alostéricos. La de
músculo es sensible a glucosa
quot;bquot; es una forma desfosforilada del enzima que es mucho
menos activa, pero que puede ser activada por efectores
alostéricos (más en músculo que en hígado).
Regulación de la glucogenolisis (II)
En el hígado y músculo, la glucógeno fosforilasa es fosforilizada,
y activada, por la fosforilasa kinasa
Este enzima existe también bajo dos formas, una fosforilizada
que es activa y otra no fosforilizada que es mucho menos activa
En hígado, la fosforilización y activación del enzima es
catalizada por la proteína kinasa A, dependiente de cAMP
12
13. El cAMP es un mensajero intracelular que es sintetizado por la adenilato
ciclasa, a partir de ATP, y rápidamente degradado por la 3’-5’ fosfodiesterasa
ATP
3’-5’ fosfodiesterasa
5´
3´
adenilato ciclasa
5´AMP
Glucagón y epinefrina, actuando
Glucagó
desde el exterior, activan la
formación de cAMP
formació
13
14. Cascada de activación de
la glucógeno fosforilasa
El mecanismo en
cascada permite una
notable amplificación de
la respuesta al agonista
Regulación de la glucogenolisis en el músculo
tiene ciertas singularidades...
La glucógeno fosforilasa de músculo, además de su
interconversión y activación por fosforilización, es
también regulable alostéricamente por AMP, ATP, y
G6P.
Glucosa es un efector alostérico negativo de la
forma “a” (fosforilizada) hepática.
AMP, que aumenta cuando los niveles de ATP son
bajos, activa la forma “b” del enzima.
ATP y glucosa-6-fosfato, poseen sitios de unión
que se solapan con los de AMP, e inhiben la forma
“b” de la fosforilasa
La degradación del glucógeno se inhibe cuando existe
suficiente ATP y glucosa-6-fosfato.
14
15. La doble regulación de la glucógeno fosforilasa muscular...
Fosforilasa “a”
Fosforilasa “b”
Fosforilasa
quinasa
Fosfoproteína
Forma T
fosfatasa
Forma T (parcialmente Forma R
Forma R (inactiva) activa) (activa)
(activa) Glucosa
En el músculo, existe también una vía paralela de activación
a través de Ca++...
Ca++
...implica la activación de la fosforilasa quinasa a través de Ca++, sin
necesidad de su fosforilización
15
16. Señalización ligada a canales de Ca2+ (I)
Ca2+ (10-3M)
10-7M Ca2+
Ca2+
La entrada de Ca2+ y su elevación
intracelular activa procesos en la célula
Señalización ligada a canales de Ca2+ (II)
10-7M Ca2+
Ca2+ (10-3M)
Ca2+
La salida de Ca2+ de los depósitos
intracelulares activa procesos en la célula
16
17. El mediador que activa los flujos
de calcio es el IP3
Activación de la fosforilasa a través de receptores α-adrenérgicos
1. Aumento de IP3
2. Aumento de Ca2+ intracelular
3. Unión de Ca2+ a calmodulina
4. La calmodulina es la subunidad δ del holoenzima fosforilasa quinasa
17
18. Activación de la fosforilasa quinasa en músculo:
dos alternativas...
Fosforilasa “b”
Hormonas
Parcialmente activa
Protein
kinasa A
Totalmente activa
Inactiva
•Impulso nervioso Parcialmente activa
•Contracción muscular Fosforilasa “a”
•Hormonas
Fosforilasa Quinasa inactiva
Fosforilasa Quinasa-Ca++ parcialmente activa
P-Fosforilasa Quinasa-Ca++ totalmente activa
La Fosforilasa quinasa de músculo, cuya subunidad
δ es la calmodulina, puede activarse por dos vías: 1)
fosforilización de la subunidad β por la
proteinquinasa “A” dependiente de cAMP; 2) unión
de Ca++-calmodulina para formar el holoenzima.
18
19. Los mecanismos de desactivación de la glucogenolisis...
desactivació glucogenolisis...
Los mecanismos descritos explican cómo tras una señal
apropiada, se pone en marcha la glucogenolisis pudiendo dar la
impresión de que una vez activada no cesaría hasta haber
degradado totalmente el glucógeno.
Sin embargo existen en la célula toda una serie de mecanismos
de desactivación que garantizan que la glucogenolisis solo estará
activa si existe un estímulo continuado para que así sea.
En cuanto cesa ese estímulo, cesa poco después la degradación
del glucógeno...
Los mecanismos de inactivación
actúan a varios niveles:
1. Disminución de los niveles de cAMP
Disminució
Inactivación de la adenilato ciclasa por separación de G-GTP a
G-GDP y su separación del enzima
Hidrólisis del cAMP por la fosfodiesterasa
Inactivación de la Proteína quinasa A
2. Disminución del Ca2+ intracelular por bombeo a los
Disminució
correspondientes reservorios
3. Defosforilización de la glucógeno fosforilasa y la fosforilasa
Defosforilizació glucó
quinasa por una fosfoproteín-fosfatasa que se inactiva por
efecto del glucagón y proteína quinasas
19
20. El cAMP es un mensajero intracelular que es sintetizado por la adenilato
ciclasa, a partir de ATP, y rápidamente degradado por la 3’-5’ fosfodiesterasa
ATP
3’-5’ fosfodiesterasa
5´
3´
adenilato ciclasa
5´AMP
Normalización de los niveles Espacio extracelular
Ca2+ (≈10-3M) de Ca2+ intracelular
Ca2+
Ca2+
Ca2+ -ATPase
Na+/Ca2+ antipuerto
Ca2+ (≈10-7M)
Citosol
Na+
P
ADP +
ATP
Bombeo por la Ca2+ -ATPase
hacia el retículo endoplásmico
Incorporación
Secuestro del Ca2+ por
ADP
ATP P
+ activa de Ca2+ en
proteínas del citosol
la mitocondria
Ca2+
Ca2+
Ca2+
calmodulina
Retículo endoplásmico mitocondria
20
21. La fosfoproteína fosfatasa es un enzima que desfosforila, e inactiva a la
fosforilasa quinasa y la glucógeno fosforilasa
Glucógeno
Fosforilasa
fosforilasa
quinasa
Pero el enzima esta inhibido por un inhibidor que, cuando está fosforilado,
bloquea su actividad
El inhibidor, fosforilado, es un mal substrato de la fosfatasa. No obstante
logra eliminar su grupo fosfato con lo que se disocia del enzima
Glucógeno
Fosforilasa
fosforilasa
quinasa
La fosfoproteína fosfatasa, liberada de su inhibidor, desfosforila, e inactiva
a la fosforilasa quinasa y la glucógeno fosforilasa
21
22. Proteína reguladora
Regulación de la actividad de
Regulació de unión al glucógeno
la fosfoproteína fosfatasa
fosfoproteí
Fosfoproteína
fosfatasa
Glucagón La fosforilización de la subunidad
reguladora hace que se suelte el
enzima del glucógeno
Fosfoproteína
fosfatasa
parcialmente
activa
La fosforilización del inhibidor por la PK-A
Complejo
dependiente de cAMP, le hace capaz de
totalmente
unirse a la fosfatasa e inactivarla
inactivo
22