EDDYCON C is used for detection of surface cracks in various parts, cracks in holes and multilayered structures, surface and subsurface corrosion.
Eddy current is an acceptable method for detecting conductivity of non-ferrous materials and coating thickness.
The Dual Laterolog provides two resistivity measurements, a Shallow reading which investigates the formation near the borehole and a Deep reading which measures farther out in the formation where it’s less disturbed by drilling fluid.
Eddy current inspection is one of several NDT methods that use the principal of “electromagnetism” as the basis for conducting examinations.
Eddy currents are created through a process called electromagnetic induction. When alternating current is applied to the conductor, such as copper wire, a magnetic field develops in and around the conductor. This magnetic field expands as the alternating current rises to maximum and collapses as the current is reduced to zero. If another electrical conductor is brought into the close proximity to this changing magnetic field, current will be induced in this second conductor. Eddy currents are induced electrical currents that flow in a circular path. They get their name from “eddies” that are formed when a liquid or gas flows in a circular path around obstacles when conditions are right.
• Designed a single stage folded cascode op-amp which had atleast 50 dB gain and 135 MHz Unity Gain Bandwidth for the three temperature corners (typical, slow and fast), in Cadence.
• The op-amp had a phase margin of atleast 64º and an output swing of atleast 1.46 V for the temperature corners (27,-40,100).
• Designed a common mode feedback for the amplifier and achieved a common mode accuracy of 0.01 V.
EDDYCON C is used for detection of surface cracks in various parts, cracks in holes and multilayered structures, surface and subsurface corrosion.
Eddy current is an acceptable method for detecting conductivity of non-ferrous materials and coating thickness.
The Dual Laterolog provides two resistivity measurements, a Shallow reading which investigates the formation near the borehole and a Deep reading which measures farther out in the formation where it’s less disturbed by drilling fluid.
Eddy current inspection is one of several NDT methods that use the principal of “electromagnetism” as the basis for conducting examinations.
Eddy currents are created through a process called electromagnetic induction. When alternating current is applied to the conductor, such as copper wire, a magnetic field develops in and around the conductor. This magnetic field expands as the alternating current rises to maximum and collapses as the current is reduced to zero. If another electrical conductor is brought into the close proximity to this changing magnetic field, current will be induced in this second conductor. Eddy currents are induced electrical currents that flow in a circular path. They get their name from “eddies” that are formed when a liquid or gas flows in a circular path around obstacles when conditions are right.
• Designed a single stage folded cascode op-amp which had atleast 50 dB gain and 135 MHz Unity Gain Bandwidth for the three temperature corners (typical, slow and fast), in Cadence.
• The op-amp had a phase margin of atleast 64º and an output swing of atleast 1.46 V for the temperature corners (27,-40,100).
• Designed a common mode feedback for the amplifier and achieved a common mode accuracy of 0.01 V.
DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTEENA USING METAMATERIAL SUBSTRATEPrateek Kumar
Dissertation part-1 presentation on design of rectangular patch antenna using metamaterial substrate by Prateek Kumar from RUSTAMJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BORDER SECURITY FORCE TEKANPUR GWALIOR (M.P).
Reduced channel length cause departures from long channel behaviour as two-dimensional potential distribution and high electric fields give birth to Short channel effects.
This presentation includes:
Velocity modeling the principles and pitfalls
Well and seismic velocity data
Incorporating velocity data to build a reliable model in Petrel software
Time to Depth conversion (Map and reservoir property)
Residual error correction and well marker adjustment
Structural uncertainty
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industryPE Mahmoud Jad
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industry
# A completion component fabricated as a short section of tubular pipe with a machined internal surface that provides a seal area and a locking profile.
# Uses : 1) Plugging the tubing for: pressure testing
2) Installing flow control equipment such as: down chokes,regulators, SSVs, etc.
# Tubing Landing nipples types:
A) Seating nipple
1.Non-selective nipple (No-go landing nipple)
i. Top no go nipple
ii. Bottom no go nipple
2. Selective nipple
B) Hydraulic Landing Nipples
BIT HYDRAULICS ANALYSIS FOR EFFICIENT HOLE CLEANINGMahmood Ajabbar
Abstract
This project was helpful for the student to get knowledge in general about the petroleum engineer and how to calculate the pressure loss of the system as well as the section of the optimum nozzle for the drill bit this assignment will help a lot the drilling engineer in future. Furthermore, this project helps to solve the challenges that faced the petroleum engineer in real life. However, in this project, the student learned how to deal with errors and converted to the advantage and overcome with better results. From the given data the optimum mud flow rates and the nozzle sizes should be designed for drilling at various depths until the end of the section. The nozzle areas of hydraulics horsepower for surface casing was 0.27 〖in〗^2, and for the intermediate casing are 0.23〖in〗^2 and 0,17〖in〗^2, and the last optimum nozzle area for the production which has been calculated is 0.2〖in〗^2. Last but not less this assignment was helpful l for students to get knowledge about drilling hydraulics. Nozzle configuration appears to have an effect on penetration rate. Several authors have described improved drill rates with extended or blanked nozzle bits. However, presently used criteria have been unable to account for these improved drill rates. in fact, has suggested a different optimum may exist for each nozzle size. Drill cuttings in the wellbore cause wear and tear to the drill string and this reduces the rate of penetration; therefore, there is a need for efficient bottom hole cleaning. During a drilling operation, optimization of hydraulic horsepower at the drill bit is adopted to enhance bottom hole cleaning and to increase the rate of penetration. Optimum drilling conditions are achieved using either the maximum horsepower criterion or the hydraulic jet impact force criterion.
DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR PATCH ANTEENA USING METAMATERIAL SUBSTRATEPrateek Kumar
Dissertation part-1 presentation on design of rectangular patch antenna using metamaterial substrate by Prateek Kumar from RUSTAMJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BORDER SECURITY FORCE TEKANPUR GWALIOR (M.P).
Reduced channel length cause departures from long channel behaviour as two-dimensional potential distribution and high electric fields give birth to Short channel effects.
This presentation includes:
Velocity modeling the principles and pitfalls
Well and seismic velocity data
Incorporating velocity data to build a reliable model in Petrel software
Time to Depth conversion (Map and reservoir property)
Residual error correction and well marker adjustment
Structural uncertainty
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industryPE Mahmoud Jad
Tubing Landing nipples in petroleum industry
# A completion component fabricated as a short section of tubular pipe with a machined internal surface that provides a seal area and a locking profile.
# Uses : 1) Plugging the tubing for: pressure testing
2) Installing flow control equipment such as: down chokes,regulators, SSVs, etc.
# Tubing Landing nipples types:
A) Seating nipple
1.Non-selective nipple (No-go landing nipple)
i. Top no go nipple
ii. Bottom no go nipple
2. Selective nipple
B) Hydraulic Landing Nipples
BIT HYDRAULICS ANALYSIS FOR EFFICIENT HOLE CLEANINGMahmood Ajabbar
Abstract
This project was helpful for the student to get knowledge in general about the petroleum engineer and how to calculate the pressure loss of the system as well as the section of the optimum nozzle for the drill bit this assignment will help a lot the drilling engineer in future. Furthermore, this project helps to solve the challenges that faced the petroleum engineer in real life. However, in this project, the student learned how to deal with errors and converted to the advantage and overcome with better results. From the given data the optimum mud flow rates and the nozzle sizes should be designed for drilling at various depths until the end of the section. The nozzle areas of hydraulics horsepower for surface casing was 0.27 〖in〗^2, and for the intermediate casing are 0.23〖in〗^2 and 0,17〖in〗^2, and the last optimum nozzle area for the production which has been calculated is 0.2〖in〗^2. Last but not less this assignment was helpful l for students to get knowledge about drilling hydraulics. Nozzle configuration appears to have an effect on penetration rate. Several authors have described improved drill rates with extended or blanked nozzle bits. However, presently used criteria have been unable to account for these improved drill rates. in fact, has suggested a different optimum may exist for each nozzle size. Drill cuttings in the wellbore cause wear and tear to the drill string and this reduces the rate of penetration; therefore, there is a need for efficient bottom hole cleaning. During a drilling operation, optimization of hydraulic horsepower at the drill bit is adopted to enhance bottom hole cleaning and to increase the rate of penetration. Optimum drilling conditions are achieved using either the maximum horsepower criterion or the hydraulic jet impact force criterion.
Descripción acerca de los enlaces radioeléctricos y de microondas de la materia radioenlaces en la Escuela de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones de la ESPOCH.
- Modular una señal en amplitud, antes de ser transmitida mediante luz láser.
- Amplificar una señal de audio en la etapa de recepción de la señal (señal modulante).
- Controlar la amplitud de la señal modulante mediante resistores variables (potenciómetros).
- Utilizar la luz láser como medio de transmisión de una señal de audio previamente modulada en amplitud.
- Utilizar un diodo infrarrojo receptor, para la recepción de la señal.
- Utilizar un circuito RC como filtro para eliminar la señal portadora.
- Acoplar la señal requerida a un parlante mediante un circuito integrado en configuración de amplificador de audio.
Expo sobre los tipos de transistores, su polaridad, y sus respectivas configu...LUISDAMIANSAMARRONCA
a polarización fija es una técnica de polarización simple y económica, adecuada para aplicaciones donde la estabilidad del punto de operación no es crítica. Sin embargo, debido a su alta sensibilidad a las variaciones de
𝛽
β y temperatura, su uso en aplicaciones prácticas suele ser limitado. Para mayor estabilidad, se prefieren configuraciones como la polarización con divisor de tensión o la polarización por retroalimentación.
1º Caso Practico Lubricacion Rodamiento Motor 10CVCarlosAroeira1
Caso pratico análise analise de vibrações em rolamento de HVAC para resolver problema de lubrificação apresentado durante a 1ª reuniao do Vibration Institute em Lisboa em 24 de maio de 2024
3. INTRODUCCIÓN
Los receptores de radar operan de manera
similar a un receptor de radio, sin embargo
el receptor de radar debe tener ciertas
limitaciones y requerimientos dado que
trabaja con muy altas frecuencias y
señales muy débiles.
4. Requerimientos del receptor de radar.
Las siguientes características determinan los
requerimientos de diseño para un receptor de radar
efectivo:
1.- RUIDO
2.- GANANCIA
3.- SINTONÍA
4.- DISTORSIÓN
5.- BLOQUEO
5. Ruido.
El ruido es un factor que afecta directamente al rango
máximo del radar, sin embargo en el receptor afecta a la
sensibilidad, ya que entre mayor sea el ruido menor será
la sensibilidad.
En los receptores se debe buscar disminuir el ruido o
antes de que la señal sea amplificada.
6. Ganancia.
La ganancia de un receptor de radar siempre debe ser
muy alta, esto debido a que las señales entrantes por la
entena tienen niveles de micro volts.
La ganancia promedio que debe tener un receptor de
radar va de 106 a 108 .
7. Sintonía.
El receptor de radar requiere de un rango de sintonía
limitado para compensar los cambios de frecuencia del
transmisor y del oscilador local causados por variaciones
en la carga y en la temperatura. Los receptores de radar
utilizan normalmente un control de sintonía automático a
través de un circuito AFC.
8. Distorsión.
Cuando ocurre una distorsión en el receptor, el intervalo
de tiempo entre el pulso de transmisión y el de recepción
cambia, lo que genera que se pierda la exactitud de
rango.
9. Bloqueo.
Bloqueo se refiere a la condición del receptor en la que el
pulso recibido es muy largo.
El bloqueo se lleva a cabo por el duplexor cuando el
radar se encuentra en fase de transmisión.
11. Amplificador de bajo ruido.
En esta etapa se utiliza un preamplificador de estado
sólido de microondas.
Su principal característica es que produce muy bajos
niveles de ruido con mayor ganancia.
Oscilador local.
Los receptores de radar trabajan a una frecuencia
intermedia de 30 a 60 MHz. Esta etapa tiene la función
de sintonizar la señal entrante compensando los cambios
de frecuencia del transmisor para mantener la IF.
12. Mezclador.
Esta etapa se encarga de combinar la RF entrante con la
frecuencia del oscilador local para generar una
frecuencia intermedia IF (proceso heterodino).
Amplificador de IF.
Esta etapa determina lo siguiente:
•Ganancia
•Relación señal a ruido
•Ancho de banda efectivo
13. Amplificador de IF.
El amplificador de IF puede tener de 3 a 10 etapas. La
primera etapa es la más critica ya que determina la figura
de ruido del receptor.
La ganancia es determina de manera manual o
automática por un nivel de voltaje.
Esta etapa determina 2 diferentes BW (angosto y ancho).
14. Detector de video.
Su función es convertir los pulsos de IF en pulsos de
video.
1.- El secundario de T1 y C1 forman un
circuito de sintonía resonante a la IF.
2.- El diodo CR1 rectifica medio ciclo
de la señal.
3.- C2 realiza la descarga a través de
R1 extrayendo la componente de DC.
4.- L1 y R1 forman un filtro pasa bajas
que atenúa la componente de IF
teniendo una mínima pérdida de la
señal de video