1. Introducing the Semantic Web Professor James Hendler http://www.cs.umd.edu/~hendler Co-Director, Maryland Information and Network Dynamics Laboratory Semantic Web Agents Project http://www.mindswap.org MiND

3. The Evolving Web DOCUMENTS DATA/PROGRAMS Web of Knowledge HyperText Markup Language HyperText Transfer Protocol Resource Description Framework eXtensible Markup Language Self-Describing Documents Foundation of the Current Web Proof, Logic and Ontology Languages Shared terms/terminology Machine-Machine communication 1990 2000 2010 Berners-Lee, Hendler; Nature , 2001

4. Web Semantics Semantic Web LayerCake (Berners-Lee, 99;Swartz-Hendler, 2001)

5. Can’t we just use XML? This is what a web-page in natural language looks like for a machine

6. XML helps XML allows “meaningful tags” to be added to parts of the text CV name education work private < > < > < > < > < >

7. XML  machine accessible meaning But to your machine, the tags look like this…. CV name education work private < > < > < > < > < > <  > <  > <  > <  > <  >

8. Schemas take a step in the right direction Schemas help…. <  > … by relating common terms between documents 

9. But other people use other schemas <  >   > <  >  <  > Someone else has one like this…. CV name education work private < > < > < > < > < >

10. The “semantics” isn’t there <  > … which don’t fit in 

11. KR provides “external” referents to merge on SW languages add mappings And structure.         CV name education work private < > < > < > < > < > <  > <  > <  >  < ‹›„⁄ >

13. Putting semantics on the web

14. (and making it machine-readable)

16. Event:title Event:WebPage < > rdf:type photo:Photograph, Photo:File http://…/images#image1, Photo:topic :event1#event:speaker. Event1 a Event:event; date “May 7-11”, speaker http://…#timbl.html Title “WWW 2002…” TimBL rdf:type w3c-ont:person; name “Tim Berners-Lee” … <daml:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=&quot;photograph&quot;> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource=&quot;#Picture&quot;/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource= …#person&quot;/> </daml:ObjectProperty> <rdf:Description rdf:about=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/03/earl/0.95#Person&quot;> <rdf:type rdf:resource=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class&quot;/> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/03/earl/0.95#Assertor&quot;/> </rdf:Description> <s:Class rdf:about=&quot;http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Conference&quot;> <s:comment> describes a generic conceptabout events </s:comment> <s:subClassOf rdf:resource=&quot;http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Event&quot;/> <a:disjointFrom rdf:resource=&quot;http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Workshop&quot;/> <a:restrictedBy rdf:resource=&quot;http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#genid18&quot;/>

17. On the Web -- links are critical! <a href= URI> HTML Web page Any Web Resource <a href=“http://…”> RDF URI URI URI RDF is like the web! And… On the Semantic WEB -- links are critical!

18. RDF graphs resemble semantic nets <mind:Person rdf:id=“Hendler”> <mind:title jobs:Professor> <jobs:placeOfWork http://www.cs.umd.edu> </mind:Person> DOC1 Hendler DOC1 Mind:title Jobs:placeOfWork Web Page http://www… Professor Jobs: Mind: Jobs:

20. Radically new view of Semantics Distributed,partially mapped, inconsistent -- but SCALEABLE! = some partial mapping uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses uses

22. Current Activities Semantic Web LayerCake (Berners-Lee, 99;Swartz-Hendler, 2001) You are here

26. Making Markup Easier

27. Machine worries about the syntax

28. Use that markup in query/portal interfaces

29. Extending ontologies on the fly

30. Semantic Web Portals: The Mosaic of the semantic web? <Oncogene rdf:ID=&quot;Oncogene, MYB&quot;><code>C3682</code><id>3683</id> <Found_In_Organism rdf:ID=&quot;Human&quot;></Found_In_Organism> <Gene_Has_Function rdf:ID=&quot;Gene Transcription&quot;></Gene_Has_Function> <Gene_Has_Function rdf:ID=&quot;Transcriptional Regulation&quot;></Gene_Has_Function> <In_Chromosomal_Location rdf:ID=&quot;6q22-q23&quot;/> </Oncogene> < Oncogene rdf:ID=&quot;Oncogene NMYC&quot;> <code>C17656</code><id>17657</id><Found_In_Organism rdf:ID=&quot;Human&quot;></Found_In_Organism> <In_Chromosomal_Location rdf:ID=&quot;2p24.1&quot;/> <Gene_Has_Function rdf:ID=&quot;Transcriptional Regulation&quot;> </Gene_Has_Function><Gene_Associated_With_Disease rdf:ID=&quot;Neuroblastoma&quot;> </Gene_Associated_With_Disease></Oncogene> <XSLT/>

31. Moving to the futureof the web Semantic Web LayerCake (Berners-Lee, 99;Swartz-Hendler, 2001)

33. Allows new capabilities

34. Services off the desktop

35. Or perhaps on different desktops…

36. Web Agents need Service Descriptions

37. Semantic Web Service Description

38. Use Semantics for Composition Translate my symptoms from French and find me a pharmacy that has the necessary medicine (then compute how to get there and print the directions) Print the directions to a pharmacy which has a medicine that cures the symptoms that I will tell you (in French)

39. Or, translate to Planning Operators

40. For goal-based service composition Buy the French version of a book from amazon.fr and have it sent to Mom’s address

41. Services need Web Logics

43. Distributed Trust