1. Research Highlights CIAT Asia Annual Program Review 2011 Nairobi, Kenya10 May2011 Asia Team

3. Forages

4. Linking Farmers to Markets (LFM)

5. Land Use & Climate Change+ GTZ/GIZSida

7. Activities in Asia

8. Projects

9. Outcomes

11. IFAD Asia Pacific Division (4FGF)Laos, Cambodia, and VietnamProduction systems, links to markets and processing, “waste” management and utilization

12. IFAD Technical Division (Biofuels: sweet sorghum, jatropha, and cassava)Breeding (Cali): conversion to ethanol (waxy, SGC, etc.)CLAYUCA: smallscale processing, utilization, & wastesVietnam & China: best varieties & agronomy for bioethanol

15. Major impact on the growth of cassava production in SE Asia

19. Yield:8.36 t/ha to 16.90 t/ ha

20. Production:1.99 to 9.45 million t

21. Currently:70% exported; 30% used domestically

22. Processing capacity: 2.4-3.8 mill. t roots/year

23. 6 ethanol refineries soon: 550 million L/year Will require: ≈34% production ≈ 50% exports2009 production in agroecologicalzones in Vietnam Each dot represents 1000 ha

24. Cassava Varieties in Vietnam

25. Production and Processing in China

26. Main Cassava Provinces in China

29. Production reduced in 2009 by 20-30% due to cassava mealybug

30. Desire to reduce area (at least not expand) but increase production

31. Cambodia

32. Extremely rapid expansion of area of production – and yield

33. Mealybug is a major threat

34. Good examples of returns on good agronomy

35. Expansion by smallholders and large concessions

36. Laos

37. Production still small, but expanding – along with processing

38. Others

40. Yield and starch content

41. Dual purpose (eating and processing)

42. Suitability to higher altitudes

43. Agronomy

44. Fertilizer rates (returns on investment x 6)

45. Intercropping for income and erosion control

46. Direct erosion control (contours, etc.)

47. Seasonality (time of planting & harvest) to ↑ feedstock

48. Processing and utilization

49. On farm feeding systems

50. Local pre-processing: chips, wet starch, etc.

51. “Waste” utilization (Liquid: biogas; Solid: feed, fertilizer, etc.)

54. Multi-location trials with different varietiesK deficiency in Kampong Cham, Cambodia P deficiency in XiengKhouang, Laos

55. Effect of applications of various levels of N, P and K fertilizers on the root yields of two cassava varieties 1) N0 = 0N P0 = 0P K0 = 0K N1 = 25 kg N/ha P1 = 50 kg P2O5/ha K1 = 50 kg K2O/ha N2 = 50 kg N/ha P2 = 100 kg P2O5/ha K2 = 100 kg K2O/ha N3 = 100 kg N/ha P3 = 200 kg P2O5/ha K3 = 200 kg K2O/ha all plots received 500 kg/ha of dolomitic lime in June 2005.

56. Intercropping Systems

57. Cassava / Soybean Intercropping at YAAS note：4 RMB/kg for soybean，380 RMB/ton for cassava

59. Helped identify the cassava mealybug problem initially

60. Tony Bellotti confirmed the pest, identified the control, providedprotocols on mass-rearing, and links to IITA for wasp population

61. DOA, TTDI, & DOAE did the mass-rearing and release

62. Proposals for pest and disease R, D, & I

63. FAO-TCP only on mealybug in GMS - with “links” to CIAT, but limited capacity for roll out

64. EC/CGIAR/IFAD funds on cassava pests and diseases- need to modify due to FAO-TCP

65. Status

66. A. lopeziappears to control the mealybug in Thailand, but needs verification and no roll out in other countries (esp. Cambodia)

67. Mites and whitefly causing concern

69. Research on (relatively) unknown problems – mainly diseases

70. Development and Implementation of control measures

71. Propagation systems: petiole, micro-stake, tissue culture

72. Breeding

73. More integrated: CIAT & Region and within the Region: Vn, Ch, Th …

74. For starch quality – waxy, SGC … bioplastics (sago-like)

75. For pest and disease tolerance / resistance

76. Other: branchless, reduced PPD, cold tolerance … herbicide-tolerance

77. Agronomy

78. Fertilizer DSS (“AfSIS” approach in Vietnam??)

79. Intercropping and erosion control (possible DSS..)

80. Seasonality / bulking … crop growth model

82. High Value Opportunities

83. From keepers to producers of livestock

84. Environment services

85. Component of farming systems for the uplands

87. L4PP: Legumes and pigs in Lao uplands

88. F4B: Quality grasses for cattle in Cambodia

89. World Vision: Feed for cattle in rice-based NE Thailand

90. RSLP: Post-rice + upland forages in southern Lao

91. SPSP: Pig production and marketing, linked to animal andhuman health issues (CSIRO), in northern Lao

92. IFAD

93. FAP: Forages, production systems, and markets C. Vietnam

95. Save labour

96. Increase growth rate

97. Market linkages and income

98. Secure livelihoods

99. Enable better production and health management

100. Institutional change

101. Scaling out mechanisms (govt, NGOs, etc. in Learning Alliances)

102. Systems change

104. Mulato 1+2 & Panicum maximum ‘Simuang’ for upland areas

105. Paspalum atratum and Brachiariahumidicola ‘Llanero’ for partly water logged lowlands

106. Successfully adopted by farmers in the project area

107. Allowed competition with the Thai cattle industry

109. Greatest benefit in the early wet and flooding seasons

110. Main beneficiaries: children and men (who care for cattle)Units: (hrs/day)

113. Success from combining technical inputs with linking farmers to markets

114. Innovative indirect credit systems permitted integration of extremely poor in market chain

115. Out-scaling through IFAD investment/loan project with FAP mentoring and training

117. Improved suitability for specific agroecologies:- intermittent waterlogged and post-rice- low soil fertility

118. New forage legumes

119. Perennials

120. Seed production and multiplication

121. Market linkages and systems change

122. Step-wise systems change: feeding, health, management, herd management, sales planning …… land use planning

123. Critical driver for changing livestock keepers to livestock producers- driver for farming systems change => greater resilience

124. Scaling up

125. Developing new approaches for scaling-up and systems change (LA …)

128. Roots, tubers, and cereals

129. Fruits & vegetables

130. Livestock

131. Non-timber forest products

132. All supply chains important for poor and ethnic minorities

133. SADU works with

134. Farming households

135. Collectors/traders

136. Local extension services

137. Processing firms

138. Policy-makers

140. Stakeholder awareness

141. Collective action

142. Technology adoption

143. profitable & competitive farming enterprises

144. profitable & competitive processing enterprises

145. Enabling Business Development Services

146. Policy and regulations

147. Contract farming

148. Testing of supermarket chains

150. No allowance for scaled impacts

151. Cluster of villages

152. More potential for impact

153. Commune (Vn) or Sub-District (La)

154. “Structure” helps the expansion / scaling out

155. Province

156. Capacity to facilitate or drive interventions

157. Multi-province or national

158. If policy or regulations are drivers

160. Models for Contract Farming: case study on corn production in Pak Xeng district, LuangPrabang Province

161. Case study on contract Farming Model for Pig Production in Vientiane capital, Savannakhet and Champasack Provinces

163. Producer Groups

165. Included

166. Climate: 1900-2000 & 2050 (A1B)

167. Crop suitability: Now & 2050

168. Land Use Change: 2000-2009

169. Resilience / adaptation of local farming systems

171. Commissioned by Sida