Brief explanation of present perfect for Spanish students in 3rd ESO (year 9)

1. PRESENT PERFECT

2. FORM:
HAVE/ HAS + PARTICIPLE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I HAVE WORKED
YOU HAVE WORKED
HE HAS WORKED
SHE HAS WORKED
IT HAS WORKED
WE HAVE WORKED
YOU HAVE WORKED
THEY HAVE WORKED
I HAVEN'T WORKED
YOU HAVEN'T WORKED
HE HASN'T WORKED
SHE HASN'T WORKED
IT HASN'T WORKED
WE HAVEN'T WORKED
YOU HAVEN'T WORKED
THEY HAVEN'T
WORKED
HAVE I WORKED?
HAVE YOU WORKED?
HAS HE WORKED?
HAS SHE WORKED?
HAS IT WORKED?
HAVE WE WORKED?
HAVE YOU WORKED?
HAVE THEY WORKED?

3. USE

El tiempo equivalente en español es el pretérito
perfecto compuesto (he trabajado/ has llegado)

Se utiliza para hablar de acciones que empezaron
en pasado y llegan hasta el presente o tienen
alguna consecuencia en el presente

Exercises

Exercises
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Exercises

4. PRESENT PERFECT +
EVER/ NEVER

“Ever” se usa en preguntas y se traduce por
“alguna vez”
− Have you ever played rugby?

Yes, I have/ No, I haven't
− Has your brother ever ridden a camel?

Yes, he has/ No, he hasn't

“Never” se usa en frases negativas, pero el verbo
va en afirmativo
− I have never failed English
− She has never read “Romeo and Juliet”
− They have never forgotten my birthday

5. PRESENT PERFECT +
JUST

“Just” se usa en frases afirmativas y se traduce
por “acabo de”. Se coloca entre have y el
participio
− I have just finished my homework
− You have just arrived

6. PRESENT PERFECT +
ALREADY/ YET

“Already” se usa en frases afirmativas y significa
“ya”. Se coloca entre have y el participio
− We have already learnt the present perfect
− He has already written the e-mails

“Yet” se usa en frases negativas y preguntas y
significa “ya” o “todavía”. Se coloca al final de la
frase
− I haven't finished my homework yet
− Have you watched that film yet?

7. PRESENT PERFECT +
FOR/ SINCE

“For” significa “durante” o “desde hace”. Indica
la duración de una acción
− I have lived in Madrid for ten years
− My sister has studied French for five months

“Since”significa “desde”. Indica cuándo empezó
la acción
− I have lived in Madrid since 2004
− My sister has studied French since January

8. PRESENT PERFECT +
FOR / SINCE

En español usamos el presente simple, pero en
inglés debemos usar present perfect
− Vivo en Madrid desde hace 10 años (he vivido en Madrid
durante 10 años)

I have lived in Madrid for ten years
− Mi hermana estudia francés desde enero

My sister has studied French since January

9. PAST SIMPLE vs.
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT
Acciones acabadas en pasado
Expresiones de tiempo
LAST (last Monday)
YESTERDAY
AGO (two days ago)
IN 2000
WHEN
Acciones que empezaron en pasado
pero que no han acabado o tienen una
consecuencia en presente
Expresiones de tiempo
EVER/ NEVER
JUST
ALREADY
YET
FOR
SINCE
HOW LONG?

10. PRACTICE

Click here
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Click here
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Click here

Click here
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Basketball game

Golf game

Spin game