The document discusses the materials used in buildings at the entrance of the National Zoo of Malaysia. The management building is mainly constructed of reinforced concrete, which has high strength and can withstand heat. Tempered glass is used for the facade, as it is stronger than normal glass and will not shatter into sharp pieces if broken. Aluminum supports the glass and makes up the facade, and is resistant to corrosion. Stainless steel is used for the staircase handles due to its strength, heat resistance, and resistance to corrosion and staining. The roof is made of polycarbonate, which is strong, tough, and impact-resistant. Pebble stone and concrete bricks make up unique flooring systems. Fabric structures provide shade and

1. Next is to discuss about the material analysis of the buildings at the entrance of the National Zoo
of Malaysia. Firstly was to introduce the materials that contain in the management building. The
management office was mainly build with reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete is a composite
material in which concrete’s relatively low tensile strength and ductility are counteracted by the
inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength and ductility. The advantage of using this
material is it has high relatively strength and toleration of tensile strain that was able to support the
whole building. It was also thermal compatibility so the building was able to withstand heat from the
environment.
Besides that, glass was also one of the most important materials to form this building as this
building’s façade was mainly form by glass. Type of glass used to form this building was tempered glass.
Tempered glass was a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal or chemical treatments to
increase its strength compared with normal glass. When tempered glass was hit and broke, it will only
crumble to small granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards as plate glass. This was one of
the most important advantages as it will not hurt anyone when broke. Besides that, tempered glass has
high strength and ductility, it was four times stronger than annealed glass and also have a high
resistance to thermal temperature changes that will cause cracks.

2. To support those tempered glasses, aluminum was the most important material that shouldn’t
been left out as it was used to support or handle those tempered glasses and form a façade. Aluminum
is a chemical element in boron group with symbol AI and atomic number 13. It is a silvery white, soft,
ductile metal. It is the third most abundant element and the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust.
The advantage of aluminum is it was ease of forming and good resistance in corrosion, so that it was
flexible in building something and will not get damaged easily when it was interacted with other
chemicals.
This building has two levels so it should have a staircase. The material that was used to make the
handle of the staircase was stainless steel. Stainless steel also known as inox steel or inox from French, is
a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass. The advantage of using this material
was it was hard and tough. It was also have high resistance in heat, oxidation and corrosion that prevent
it from stain and rust.
Lastly was the roof the building was built by PC hollow sheet, it was also known as
polycarbonates. It was known by the trademarked names Lexan, Makrolon, Makroclear and others, are
a particular group of thermoplastic polymers. It was dense, hard, tough and i ts strength and ductility
similar to metals. It has high-impact resistance that allows him to undergo high impact from other object
that hit it.

3. Beside this management, there was a row of shops and ticket counter. They are connected with
a unique flooring system that was made from pebble stone. Pebble is a clast of rock with a particular
size of 2 to 64 millimeters and are generally considered larger than granules and smaller than cobbles. It
was special and unique flooring system compared to plain floor tiles.
Besides using pebble stone flooring system, they also used concrete bricks as the texture for the
flooring in the National Zoo. Concrete bricks are made from solid concrete. These bricks can be
manufactured to provide different colors as pigmented during its production. Concrete bricks have the
advantage of high fire resistance so that it will not got burn easily and it was safe to use as flooring. They
are also strong and durable material that requires less maintenance allows them to save cost.

4. Next was the special features that contained at the row of shops and it was the huge opened-umbrella.
The opened-umbrellas was mainly made by fabric. They are also known as fabric structures.
Fabric structures are forms of constructed fibers that provide end users a variety of aesthetic free -form
building design. The advantage of using this material was it was flame resistance, it will not get burn
easily. In terms of designing it’s form, it was easily to form as it has high design flexibility and also
transportable. It was also cost effectiveness and energy efficient so it will not burden the builders.
To support this fabric structure, galvanized steel are required. Galvanized steel is widely used in
application where corrosion resistance is needed without the cost of stainless steel, and can be
identified by crystallization patterning on the surface. The main reason in using this materi al was it
required low first cost and less maintenance that allows them to save money. Besides that it has long life
and complete protection for the surroundings.