July 2016 Political Scan for TCI

Connecticut
Governor Dan Malloy
Party Democrat, currently the chair of the Democratic Governors Association.
Election year 2010
Up for
reelection
Was reelected in 2014 but is not standing for re-election.
Political
Climate
With a Democratic governor and Democratic majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in CT is progressive. There is a good chance that
meaningful progress is possible.
Stance on
climate
change
Believes strongly in anthropogenic climate change.
State
emission
reduction
targets
Policies: 2013 Comprehensive Energy Strategy, affirmed goals set in the 2008
Connecticut Global Warming Solutions Act
Targets:
 10% below 1990 by 2020
 80% below 2001 by 2050
 Under 2 MOU[1]
(2015)
 35-45% below 1990 by 2030 (NEG/ECP Resolution 39-1 (2015))
RGGI? Yes.

2
Major energy
policies
“Connecticut Governor Dan Malloy (D) believes climate change is one of the
most challenging and pressing issues of our time. As Governor, he created the
Connecticut Shoreline Resiliency Fund, a low-interest loan program for state
residents who are subject to coastal flooding and would like to elevate their
homes. He signed into law the nation’s first full-scale clean energy finance
bank to increase private investment in renewables and expanded
Connecticut’s Renewable Portfolio Standard to help move the state away from
dirtier fuels.”-- Think Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015
1
Signed Under 2 MOU-- Oct 2015
Worldwide agreement between state, regional, and other sub-national levels of
government to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius by reducing
GHG emissions 80-95% below 1990 levels before 2050
Signatory of the Governors’ Accord for a New Energy Future-- Feb 2016
Pledged to promote clean energy resources, clean energy transport systems,
and modernize the electricity grid along with 17 other governors.
CT’s Renewable Portfolio Standard mandates that by 2020, 20% of CT power
must come from renewables.
Infrastructure
&
Transportation
This year, Malloy released a massive 30-year, $100 billion infrastructure plan.
"’With few exceptions, the transportation system has reacted to inadequate
investment, infrastructure failures, insufficient capacity and transit service
crises,’ Malloy wrote. ‘Transportation plans have been constrained to address
only the most critical safety issues and infrastructure performance priorities…’
12
The more short-term five-year, $10 billion program includes $3.8 billion in state
funding that is already anticipated, $2.8 billion in new state funding and $3.4
billion in expected federal
funding.http://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-transportation-spending-
0826-20140825-story.html
Environment/c
limate and
notable
actions
Mixed record. Has been endorsed by CT League of Conservation Voters, but
heavily criticized when last year’s budget included large cuts for the Council on
Environmental Quality, a major CT environmental watchdog group.
Gas tax CT has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes in response to the price of
motor fuel.
CT total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 37.86 cents per
gallon-- the 6th highest in the nation (including DC).

3
Delaware
Governor Jack Markell
Party Democrat
Election year 2008
Up for
reelection
Delaware governors may not be elected for more than two consecutive terms.
Since Markell was re-elected in 2014, he may not pursue reelection in the
2016 cycle.
Gubernatorial
Election
Status
Current polls indicate a strong likelihood that Democrats will win the 2016
election for governor.36
Democratic primary
John C. Carney Jr., currently a member of the US House of Representatives,
is running unopposed for the Democratic nomination. Carney has a strong
record of supporting efforts to curb climate change and develop renewable
energy. He would likely strongly support a RGGI expansion.37
Republican Primary
Colin Bonini, currently a member of the Delaware State Senate, is the strong
Republican favorite to win the nomination for the general election. His
campaign website makes no mention whatsoever of energy, environment, or
climate issues and only briefly mentions of a concern for infrastructure. No
specific policy stances are given.38
Political
Climate
With a Democratic governor and weak Democrat majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in DE is generally progressive.
Though Governor Markell and the state legislature don’t always get along (his
call to raise the gas tax in 2014 fell completely flat), they have succeeded in
adopting reasonable GHG reduction & clean energy standards in response to
climate change.
Stance on
climate
change
“As Governor of Delaware, Jack Markell (D) has been outspoken about his
acceptance of mainstream climate science. When commenting on the
aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, Markell said, ‘There are still people who may
say this storm or that storm is not related to general climate change. I can tell

4
you when we had a number of communities flooded out in Delaware…and
when you have leading scientists talk about the linkage between climate
change and that flooding, people are in a position where they may more be
receptive to listen.’ Markell has worked to expand renewable energy in the
state, signing into law a Clean Energy Jobs package that expanded
Delaware’s Renewable Portfolio Standard and strengthened the solar net
metering program. Along with the former Governor Martin O’Malley of
Maryland, Markell asked the federal government to contract for future offshore
wind energy in order to help start the offshore wind energy manufacturing
industry in the Mid-Atlantic region.”-- Think Progress, The Climate Guide to
Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
State
emission
reduction
targets
Policy: 2015 Climate Framework for Delaware
Targets: 30% below 2008 by 2030 (proposed)
RGGI? Yes.
Major energy
policies
and modernize the electricity grid along with 17 other governors. Markell had
this to say of the agreement:
“Joining this Accord reflects our state's commitment to continuing our path
toward a cleaner, more efficient, and sustainable energy future. In Delaware,
we have dramatically reduced greenhouse gas emissions in recent years,
while seeing a 30-fold increase in solar capacity and more than $100 million
invested in energy efficiency projects. These efforts go hand-in-hand with
building a strong economy, and in the last two years, we have set a state
record for consecutive years of job growth. Our progress has been supported
by our participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative partnership with
eight other northeastern states, and we are looking forward to the increased
collaboration and opportunities to share strategies that will result from this
Accord.”-- Jack Markell, governorsnewenergyfuture.org, Governors’
Statements on the Governors’ Accord for a New Energy Future 20
Delaware’s Renewable Portfolio Standard requires that the state obtain at
least 25% of its energy from renewables by 2025.
Delaware has set a goal of a 30% GHG reduction by 2030 from 2008
baseline.
Infrastructure
&
Transportation
“Do you really want to be in a state where your neighbors are making these
big investments, their transportation systems are getting better, while your
state's not. I don't think it's a good place for us to be.”-- Jack Markell,
newsworks, Markell on infrastructure needs and more, February 27, 2015 21
Markell attempted to raise the gas tax in 2014, but failed. Democratic
lawmakers in Delaware are debating the issue again this year, instead

5
offering a temporary 1-year raise on the gas tax.
Environment/c
limate and
notable
actions
Mixed. Governor Markell has received criticism for his administration’s support
for environmentally harmful poultry operations and their role in river pollution.
39
However, Governor Markell has also supported legislation to raise funding
for conservation, as he recognizes the importance of a healthy environment
for the state economy.40
Gas tax DE has a fixed rate gasoline tax that must be changed manually by the
legislature. It has not been raised in 21 years.
DE total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 23 cents per gallon--
the 35th highest in the nation (including DC).
Markell is in favor of raising the gas tax to fund infrastructure improvements.
Maine
Governor Paul LePage
Party Republican
Election year 2010
Up for reelection 2018 -- was reelected in 2014
Political Climate With a Republican governor, Republican majority senate, and Democratic
majority house, the political climate in Maine is mixed. House Democrats
often find themselves at odds with LePage, who won the governorship in a
five-way race in 2010. As long as LePage--who has used the veto a record

6
number of times-- is in office there is little guarantee that meaningful
energy or environmental action is possible. That said, he went along with
the NEG/ECP goal setting for 2030 and has been involved in some
regional efforts to earn support surprisingly.
Stance on
climate change
Denier. "I just don't know how severe it is and I'm not sure how much we as
human beings contribute to it. Scientists are divided on it." -- Think
Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
State emission
reduction targets
Policies: Act to Provide Leadership in Addressing the Threat of Climate
Change (2003)
Targets:
 10% below 1990 by 2020
 75-80% below 2003 long-term
 2011 law sets goal of reducing economy-wide oil use by at least
30% below 2009 levels by 2030 and 50% by 2050
RGGI? Yes.
Major energy
policies
“During LePage’s tenure, he has argued that Maine could potentially
benefit from the effects of climate change, vetoed legislation that would
help the state prepare for extreme weather, blocked a bipartisan bill to
expand solar power, and has attempted to dramatically reduce the state’s
renewable energy standards to benefit large corporations. He also tried to
sneak through a proposal that would exempt the state from certain anti-
smog regulations, undoing protections that have been in place for almost
25 years. Following a critical series of articles in three Maine newspapers
on the administration’s work to undermine environmental protections,
LePage’s office cut off those papers’ access to administration officials.” -
Think Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
LePage has also recently vetoed a bill aimed at increasing solar energy
use in Maine.
Infrastructure &
Transportation
LePage recently unveiled a 3- year, $470 million infrastructure plan. It
includes:
“Replacement or rehabilitation of 47 bridges, with an estimated value of
nearly $95 million.
— Construction or reconstruction of 108 miles of state roads for $122
million.
— New pavement on 252 miles of state roads, worth about $86 million,
plus less exhaustive surface-level paving projects on 600 additional
miles of roads, at a cost of about $28 million.
— Safety improvement projects at 76 locations throughout the state, for
$30 million.
— Capital projects for ports, rail, airports and other transit facilities at 94
locations, worth about $72 million.” -- Bangor Daily News, LePage
unveils $2 billion three year work plan for Maine transportation projects,

7
Jan 12, 15 8
Environment/clim
ate and notable
actions
In 2014 LePage was labeled as one of the League of Conservation Voters
“Dirty Dozen”-- a list published by the LCV every major election cycle
targeting politicians who “side against the environment.” -- League of
Conservation Voters, 2014 Dirty Dozen, 2014. 9
“LePage questioned the extent to which climate change is caused by
human activities, and even claimed that climate change could be a good
thing for Maine...LePage proposed weakening many of Maine’s bedrock
environmental laws, including those protecting water resources...LePage
opposes funding for research and development of clean energy projects
and worked to derail an offshore wind project in Maine.”-- League of
Conservation Voters, 2014 Dirty Dozen, Paul Lepage, 2014 10
“From his earliest days in office, LePage has tried to undermine and repeal
basic protections for our air, land and clean water. It is especially cynical he
wants credit for the record of the Department of Environmental Protection,
which under his leadership cut lake protection staff and funding and saw a
49 percent decrease in enforcement actions for land use violations.
As governor, LePage has vetoed key legislation, including bipartisan bills
that would have kept pollutants out of our lakes, protected our children from
harmful chemicals and invested in our clean energy economy. He has even
joked about the effect hormone-disrupting chemicals like BPA have on
women and the very real threat of climate change to our fisheries and way
of life.”-- Roger Berle, Bangor Daily News, LePage has undermined
environmental protection, thwarted economic opportunity, Oct 20, 2014 12
Gas tax ME has a fixed rate gasoline tax that can only be changed manually.
ME total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 30.01 cents per
gallon-- the 22nd highest in the nation (including DC).
Governor LePage has committed to stopping any raising of the state gas
tax.

8
Maryland
Governor Larry Hogan
Party Republican
Election
year
2014
Up for
reelection
2018
Political
Climate
With a Republican governor and Democratic majorities in the house and senate,
the political climate in MD is contentious. Hogan and the legislature have
clashed over climate, transportation, and budget issues this year, with the
legislature intending to override many of the governor’s vetoes. This year’s
legislative session began with the legislature overriding every one of Governor
Hogan’s vetoes from last year. While Hogan is in office, progress on climate
issues seems possible given the actions of the state legislature. However, the
governor’s attitude is difficult to predict.
Stance on
climate
change
“Newly-elected Governor Hogan (R) has indicated multiple times that he is not
sure if humans contribute to climate change. However, in June of 2014, he said
“There’s no question that the climate is changing, and I do think that man…does
have something to do with the problem.” However, he does not think that a
small state such as Maryland can do much to help blunt the impacts.
ClimateProgress reached out for clarification, but did not immediately hear back
from the governor’s office.” 1
State
emission
reduction
targets
Policy:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Act (2009)
Targets:
 25% below 2006 by 2020
 90% below 2006 by 2050 (voluntary)
RGGI? Yes.

9
Major
energy
policies
Governor Hogan recently signed a law committing Maryland to an ambitious
40% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 (from a 2006 baseline). However,
critics are unsure how Hogan plans to meet this goal, as Hogan has caught flak
for vetoing an extremely popular clean jobs bill, approving controversial
appointments to the Maryland Public Service Commission, rejecting new
investments in one of Maryland’s premier energy efficiency programs, and
letting important positions in the Maryland Energy Administration (which
provides important research on clean energy) stay vacant. Read more about
this here:
http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bs-ed-hogan-energy-
20160612-story.html
Maryland’s Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard requires that by 2022
Maryland obtain 20% of its energy from renewables by 2022.
Infrastructur
e &
Transportati
on
In 2011 the ASCE gave Maryland’s infrastructure a C- rating, which is described
as “mediocre” by the society.
In June of 2015 Governor Hogan announced $1.97 billion in infrastructure
funding for Maryland, claiming that the funding would be enough to fix all
structurally deficient bridges in the state:
“The priority projects, which will get underway by 2018, include $1.35 billion in
new projects going to construction and $625 million in preserved projects. The
$1.35 billion in new projects includes $845 million for major projects and $500
million to fix bridges and improve roads...In addition, Governor Hogan also
announced he has directed the Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT)
to move forward with a more cost-effective and streamlined version of the
Purple Line that will connect Bethesda in Montgomery County to New Carrollton
in Prince George’s County. Under this scaled back version of the project, the
state share in the Purple Line will be only $168 million – a fraction of the original
proposal, which would have cost the state close to $700 million.”--
governor.maryland.gov, Governor Larry Hogan Announces $1.97 Billion in
Transportation Funding, June 25, 2015 25
Environment
/climate and
notable
actions
“Governor Hogan also seems likely to support fracking in the state, saying he
would ‘want to make sure that [fracking] is done in an environmentally sensitive
way, and that we take every precaution possible.” As ThinkProgress reported, ‘
Hogan’s choice of [Ben] Grumbles as environment secretary embodies the
nature of that quote: that fracking likely will happen, but with some precautions.
Grumbles was heavily involved with fracking while serving as an EPA
administrator under Bush, most notably overseeing the release of a 2004 report
that determined the controversial process was safe for drinking water. That
report was eventually used by the Bush administration to pass a law that
prohibited the EPA from regulating fracking under the Safe Drinking Water Act.”-
- Think Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1

10
Gas tax MD has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes automatically in response to
the price of motor fuel.
MD total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 32.6 cents per gallon--
Governor Hogan wants to repeal the variable gas tax, as he is not in favor of
any increases in the gas tax.
Massachusetts
Governor Charlie Baker
Party Republican
Election year 2014
Up for reelection 2018
Political Climate Democrats hold supermajorities in both the MA House and Senate. While
Baker is a Republican, for the most part, he and the legislature cooperate.
Baker has stayed the course on many of Massachusetts’ aggressive clean
energy and GHG reduction goals. While Baker doesn’t have environmental
leanings, he is very clear on the legislative requirements for action and the
Kain decision which requires action. Meaningful progress on climate issues
seems possible with Baker in office.
Stance on
climate change
“Newly-elected Governor Charlie Baker (R) has flip-flopped on his belief in
climate change. According to The Boston Globe, Governor Baker privately
expressed doubt on climate science during a meeting with environmentalists
when he ran for governor in 2010. “The advocates say the meeting with
Baker in 2010 turned tense quickly, as the Republican candidate held forth

11
in front of a whiteboard on why he believed climate change was not the
result of human causes, a view at odds with most climate scientists.” Now,
Baker has reversed his position, acknowledging that humans contribute to
climate change, and says he recommends “reducing our carbon footprint.”
In his first weeks as governor, he elected a “controversial”new energy team,
according to The Boston Globe. ‘An unsuccessful Republican candidate for
Congress who campaigned against government regulations, a former
lobbyist for the region’s fossil fuel industry, and a senior executive at one of
the state’s largest power companies will oversee energy policy for Governor
Charlie Baker…” 1
State emission
reduction
targets
Policies:
Clean Energy and Climate Plan for 2020 (2010), pursuant to the 2008
Global Warming Solutions Act
Targets:
 25% below 1990 by 2020
 80% below 1990 by 2050
 Under 2 MOU (2015)
RGGI? Yes.
Major energy
policies
Worldwide agreement between state, regional, and other sub-national levels
of government to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius by
reducing GHG emissions 80-95% below 1990 levels before 2050
“The Global Warming Solutions Act (GWSA), signed in August of 2008...
requires reductions from all sectors of the economy to reach a target of a
25% reduction [from a 1990 baseline] of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions
by 2020 and an 80% reduction by 2050.”-- Mass.gov, Massachusetts
Progress towards Reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions by 2020 2
Pledged to promote clean energy resources, clean energy transport
systems, and modernize the electricity grid along with 17 other governors.
On the accord Gov Baker said:
“Massachusetts will continue to lead the way on clean energy, energy
efficiency and the adoption of innovative technologies such as energy
storage. These efforts, and our legislative proposal to bring additional
hydroelectricity and other renewable resources into the region, will ensure
we meet our ambitious greenhouse gas emission reduction targets while
also creating a stronger economy for the Commonwealth”-- Mass.gov,
Governor Baker Joins Governor's’ Accord for a New Energy Future, Feb 16,
2016 3
Baker’s administration also recently added $2 million to MA electric vehicle
rebate program.

12
Infrastructure &
Transportation
“Baker was tested by transit-related issues immediately upon taking office,
and throughout the year, he has publicly tied his success to his ability to
improve the system. In this year’s budget, Baker carved out a $109 million
increase in transportation funding — a 20 percent overall increase from the
previous year, with a 57 percent increase in direct aid to the MBTA for
operational improvements.”-- Politico, Baker links the future of
Massachusetts infrastructure to his own, Dec, 2015 4
Environment/
climate and
notable actions
“Citing ‘severely understaffed’ state agencies, six groups gave Republican
Gov. Charlie Baker's Energy and Environmental Affairs Office a grade of “C”
for its performance during the governor's first year in office...
While running for office, Baker pledged to increase spending on
environmental programs to 1 percent of total state spending over the four
years of his term. The environmental groups say that Baker's first two
budgets moved in the ‘wrong direction,’ slashing environmental funds as
revenues and overall state spending increased.
“‘Neither of the administration's two budgets to date have come close to this
amount and in fact the Governor's latest budget cut environmental funding
by an additional 7%,’ the report reads. ‘Reduced resources translates into
reduced capacity to protect the environment.’”5
Baker's fiscal 2017 budget proposal cuts funding for environmental agencies
by $17 million, which could threaten their ability to carry out their duties,
according to the report.” --Masslive.com, On Earth Day, environmental
groups give Gov. Charlie Baker a middling grade, 4/22/2016 5
1.9% of the Massachusetts workforce is employed in the clean energy
sector.
Gas tax MA has a variable rate gasoline tax that rises with inflation. This change
was made in 2014, the last time the gas tax was manually raised.
MA total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 26.54 cents per

13
New Hampshire
Governor Maggie Hassan
Party Democrat
Election year 2012
Up for reelection 2016 (every 2 years, was reelected in 2014). However this election
cycle Hassan is seeking election to the US Senate.
Gubernatorial
Election Status
According to Ballotpedia, the latest polling on the race indicates a
toss-up in the general election.33
Democratic Primary: There are 3 contenders for the NH Democratic
nomination.
1) Mark Connolly: A former Deputy Secretary of State for NH,
Connolly has said this on climate change:
“We need leaders who will tackle the challenge of climate
change head-on. That’s why, as governor, I will fight to
encourage New Hampshire to help power America with 50
percent clean energy by 2030. I’m proud to make the
commitment to growing clean energy jobs in the Granite State,
promoting energy conservation, building a lasting energy net-
metering system without caps, and empowering our
communities to generate more of their own electricity from
clean sources—but meeting that goal will take a statewide push
for a cleaner future.”-- Mark Connolly, nhlabornews.com, Earth
Day: Where Do NH’s Gubernatorial Candidates Stand on
Climate Change, April 22, 201634
2) Steve Marchand: Former Mayor of Portsmouth. Marchand’s
campaign is focusing on solving NH’s heroin and opioid
epidemic. His website does not mention climate issues or
renewable energy, nor does his campaign seem to have

14
focused much attention on them. Marchand does, however,
prioritize infrastructure development 35
.
3) Colin Van Ostern: A former NH executive councilor and
businessman, Van Ostern has said this of climate change:
“Combating and reversing climate change is one of the most
critical challenges facing us. New Hampshire has a tremendous
opportunity to do more – and doing so is a tremendous
economic opportunity as well...Securing a cleaner, greener
future is why I’ve been on the front lines for years fighting to
secure community solar projects in Peterborough, Durham,
Portsmouth, and Plymouth; working to fix the net metering cap
on solar development; conserving critical open places in our
state; and working in the private sector for employers like
Stonyfield yogurt who prove we can create economic growth
while taking on climate change.”34
Van Ostern would likely support further climate measures.
Republican Primary: There are three major contenders for the NH
gubernatorial Republican nomination.
1) Chris Sununu: Current NH Executive Council member and
son of former NH Governor John Sununu. Sununu is a climate
denier and has used his office to block renewable energy
development efforts.34
He would likely oppose climate action.
2) Ted Gatsas: Current Mayor of Manchester. Gatsas has a
history of fighting renewable energy development in NH.34
He
would likely oppose climate action.
3) Jeanie Forrester. Currently a NH state senator. During her
tenure Forrester voted to have NH leave RGGI. She would very
likely not support climate action.
Political Climate With a Democratic governor and Republican majorities in the house
and senate, the political climate in NH is mixed. The state has
attempted to both leave RGGI and strengthen its commitment to the
program. Though Governor Hassan has been supportive of new
measures for progress on climate issues, such attitudes are less
certain to be found in the legislature. Considering that Governor
Hassan only has 6 months left in her tenure-- and the fact that the
NH governor seat could easily go to a Republican-- the possibility
of further climate action within the state is uncertain.
Stance on climate
change
“Governor Maggie Hassan (D) has said ‘the science behind climate
change is incontrovertible,’ and in 2013, signed two bills into law to
help lessen the impact of climate change in New Hampshire. The bills
aim to give more power to state and local governments to prepare
coastal communities for sea-level rise, and include the creation of a

15
new Coastal Risk and Hazard Commission. She also signed into law
two bills that strengthen New Hampshire’s participation in RGGI by
lowering the carbon pollution cap for power plants.”-- Think Progress,
The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
State emission
reduction targets
Policies:
New Hampshire Climate Action Plan (2009)
Targets:
 20% below 1990 by 2025
 80% below 1990 by 2050
 35-45% below 1990 by 2030 (NEG/ECP Resolution 39-1
(2015))
RGGI? Yes.
Major energy policies Signed Under 2 MOU, October 2015
Worldwide agreement between state, regional, and other sub-national
levels of government to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees
Celsius by reducing GHG emissions 80-95% below 1990 levels before
2050
Enforces New Hampshire Climate Action Plan
Put into place by Governor John Lynch in 2009, the plan calls for NH
to reduce GHG emissions by 25% below 1990 levels before 2025 and
for an 80% reduction by 2050.
Enforces NH Renewable Energy Portfolio
Put into place by Governor John Lynch in 2007, the law requires NH
energy providers to source 24.8% of their electricity from renewables
by 2025.
Signatory of the Governors’ Accord for a New Energy Future-- Feb
2016
systems, and modernize the electricity grid along with 17 other
governors.
Infrastructure &
Transportation
Accepted $200 million in federal fund loan to repair statewide road
infrastructure. -- May 2016
Submitted 10-year plan for state infrastructure improvements. Plans
include moving forward with additional public rail transportation,
renovating and preserving important bridges, and expanding Interstate
93. -- Jan 2016
Environment and
climate record and
notable actions
Signed legislation to conserve oyster reefs in the Great Bay-- October
2014
Senate campaign website: “Supports strong fracking regulations and

16
closing loopholes that exempt drilling and fracking operations from
basic environmental protections.”-- maggiehassan.com 6
Restored full funding to New Hampshire’s Land and Community
Heritage Investment Program (LCHIP)
Gas tax NH has a fixed gas tax rate that may only be changed manually by the
state legislature.
In 2014 NH raised its gas tax by 4 cents to pay for $200 million federal
loan for infrastructure funds. It was the first NH gas tax increase in 20
years.
NH total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 22.83 cents
per gallon-- the 33rd highest in the nation (including DC).

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New Jersey
Governor Chris Christie
Party Republican
Election year 2010
Up for
reelection
New Jersey governors may not be elected for more than two consecutive
terms. Since Christie was re elected in 2014, he may not pursue reelection in
the 2018 cycle.
Political
Climate
With a Republican governor and Democrat majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in NJ is very contentious. Christie’s hardline fiscal
conservatism often conflicts with the desires of Democrats in the state
legislature. While Christie has championed and supported NJ’s solar energy
sector, his skepticism on the need for strong climate policy and backing out of
RGGI makes strong climate progress in NJ unlikely while he is in office.
Stance on
climate
change
Mixed. Has expressed both skepticism and belief in anthropogenic climate
change. Whether he actually believes in it or not, the governor’s actions
indicate he does not think it is a priority.
RGGI? No. NJ was once a member but Governor Christie pulled the state out of the
program in 2011. While NJ was a member Christie raided RGGI funds to
balance the state budget. Christie has called the program “gimmicky.”
Major energy
policies
“Governor Chris Christie (R) flip-flopped on climate change throughout his
tenure as governor. In 2011, he acknowledged the effects humans have on
climate change, but in 2013, he rejected the notion that Hurricane Sandy’s
damage was worsened by climate change. A New Jersey appeals court ruled
that the governor illegally withdrew the state from the Regional Greenhouse
Gas Initiative (RGGI) back in 2011, a Northeast cap-and-trade program that
aims to collectively reduce carbon pollution from power plants. He also broke
from other Northeast states and did not join the lawsuit to defend the EPA’s
cross-state air pollution rules. His administration has been accused of going to

18
extraordinary lengths to secure approval for a controversial gas pipeline that
would benefit a top Christie political operative who was also enmeshed in the
George Washington Bridge scandal. The governor has signed legislation into
law that increased the number of solar renewable energy credits that electric
utilities must buy. In 2010, Christie signed into law a bill that aims to facilitate
offshore wind power, but his administration has recently been accused of
stalling the projects.”-- Think Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan
26, 2015 1
NJ has a very strong solar market and Christie’s administration fully supports
it. In 2012 Christie signed a bill to help improve the solar market’s functioning.
“More than many other major markets, New Jersey’s solar status is influenced
by political will and extensive renewable energy policy rather than abundant
solar resources. The solar renewable energy credit (SREC) market in the
state drives a significant amount of capacity installation -- credits are created
through a renewable portfolio standard (RPS) which requires that a certain
amount of energy generated in the state comes from solar. The price of
SRECs is determined by the supply of solar generation and the demand to
meet New Jersey’s RPS requirements.” --greentechmedia.com, Gov. Christie
Signs New Jersey’s Solar “Resurrection Bill”, July 23, 2013 16
“By enacting a strong renewable portfolio standard (RPS), net metering, a
solar renewable energy credit (SREC) financing model, and other supportive
policies, New Jersey has become a nationally recognized leader for solar
power development, with over 27,800 industrial, commercial, academic, and
residential installations.”-- American Council on Renewable Energy,
Renewable Energy in New Jersey, June, 2014 17
NJ’s RPS requires that 21.38% of the state’s energy come from renewables
by 2021.

19
Infrastructure
&
Transportation
NJ faces tremendous infrastructure challenges.
“According to the American Society of Civil Engineers’ (ASCE) national
infrastructure report card from 2009, New Jersey’s water infrastructure is on
the verge of flunking, with a C for drinking water and a D for wastewater.
Roads and bridges squeaked by with a D.” -- NJ.com, How bad is NJ’s
infrastructure? Shameful is one word for it.-- July 9, 2014 18
Currently the future of NJ’s infrastructure is unstable, as the state’s
Transportation Trust Fund has expired without a replacement. Christie
recently ordered a shutdown of all state funded infrastructure projects until a
deal could be reached.
Politicians in the state cannot agree on how to fund direly needed
infrastructure repairs. Much debate along party lines focuses on whether to
raise NJ’s gas tax.
The NY times has a great summary of the myriad issues surrounding NJ’s
infrastructure struggles.
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/23/nyregion/infrastructure-crisis-may-
compel-new-jersey-to-finally-raise-gas-tax.html?_r=0
Environment/
climate and
notable
actions
Christie was given a C- rating by the group Environment New Jersey. The
group cited his “decision to kill the new rail tunnel under the Hudson, cut NJ
Transit subsidies and service, nominating several people who are ‘anti-
Highlands Water Planning and Protection Act’ to the Highlands Council...
[and] skepticism that global warming is caused by humans.” as cause for the
grade. -- NJ.com, Gov. Chris Christie receives mixed review from advocacy
group for his environmental record. Jan 19, 2011 19
Gas tax NJ has a fixed rate gasoline tax that must be changed manually by the
legislature. It has not been raised in over 20 years.
NJ total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 14.5 cents per
gallon-- the 2nd highest in the nation (including DC). Christie is opposed to
raising the gas tax and has only considered it when a gas tax raise is paired
with other tax cuts.

20
New York
Governor Andrew Cuomo
Party Democrat
Election year 2010
Up for
reelection
2018 (every 4 years, was reelected in 2014)
Political Climate With a Democratic governor and Democratic majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in NY is progressive. More progress on climate
issues seems very likely during Governor Cuomo’s tenure.
Stance on
climate change
“In an op-ed, Governor Andrew Cuomo (D) said that climate denial is
distracting us from addressing its inarguable effects. In the aftermath of
Superstorm Sandy, Governor Cuomo outlined a plan on how New York
could start to prepare for the impacts of climate change by investing federal
disaster aid on items like high-tech weather stations and seals for entrances
to subway stations. He announced more than 1,000 projects that will better
prepare the state for storms, which includes rebuilding tidal wetlands,
upgrading the electrical grid, and buying homes that are at a high risk of
flooding.”-- The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 20151
State emission
reduction
targets
Policies:
2015 State Energy Plan;
Exec. Order No. 2 (2011);
Exec. Order No. 24 (2009)
Goals:
 10% below 1990 by 2020
 40% below 1990 by 2030
 80% below 1990 by 2050
 2015 State Energy Plan set an economy-wide GHG reduction goal
of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030
Under 2 MOU (2015)
RGGI? Yes

21
Major energy
policies
Worldwide agreement between states & regions to limit global temperature
rise to 2 degrees celsius. Also committed to:
 40% reduction of GHG emissions from 1990 levels by 2030
 Installing clean power at every SUNY campus by 2020
 Interstate agency cooperation to develop North American carbon
market
Announced Reforming the Energy Vision (REV)-- April 2014
REV is a statewide regulatory overhaul designed to achieve 3 targets by
2030:
 30% reduction of GHG emissions from 1990 levels
 50% of energy generation from renewables
 23% reduction in building energy consumption from 2012 levels
 REV also includes a new $5 billion, 10 year clean energy fund known
as the NY Green Bank. The fund’s aim is to stimulate NY’s clean
energy economy by attracting private investors and funding
innovative business & research.
NY SUN Initiative 2012
Announced in 2012 as a $400 million commitment to increase solar power
use in NY. In 2014 Cuomo increased the commitment to $1 billion.
Infrastructure &
Transportation
2016 State of the Union address included many ambitious infrastructure
projects including:
A $200 million grant competition for upstate airport renovations (this initiative
is currently funding renovations for 74 airports) and $22 billion in funding for
roads and bridge reconstruction in upstate NY
In 2015 Cuomo announced a $4 billion reconstruction project for La Guardia
airport (construction on this began this in June 2016, cost estimate is now
~$7 billion)
The La Guardia airport reconstruction was contracted out to La Guardia
Gateway Partners (LGP) by the NY and New Jersey Port Authority. The
contract represents the nation’s largest public private partnership.
Cuomo also has also announced plans to renovate Penn Station in
Manhattan as well as JFK airport.
Cuomo’s administration has been criticized for a lack of detail on funding
sources for many of their infrastructure proposals.

22
Environment
and climate
record and
notable actions
-Banned fracking in NY in 2014
-In 2008 while serving as attorney general of NY, Cuomo led a 9 state
coalition in a lawsuit against the Bush EPA for creating an “illegal loophole in
the federal Clean Water Act by refusing to control the transfer of polluted
water from one water body to another” (ag.ny.gov)
Signed Community Risk and Resiliency Act (CRRA)-- 2014
Law requiring state programs (namely those related to regulation or permits)
to demonstrate consideration of future risk due to storm surge, sea level
rise, and flooding.
During first term as governor secured $583 million for the state
Environmental Protection Fund-- a 17% increase in funding from the year
Cuomo entered office
Gas tax NY has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes in response to the price of
motor fuel.
NY’s total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 42.32 cents per
gallon-- the 3rd highest in the nation (including DC).

23
Pennsylvania
Governor Tom Wolfe
Party Democrat
Election year 2014
Up for
reelection
2018
Political
Climate
With a Democratic governor and Republican majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in PA is contentious. Pennsylvania has a long
history with fossil fuel production. While Governor Wolf embraces this legacy,
he is still the most progressive governor Pennsylvania has had in a long
time. Wolf and the legislature often clash on environmental issues and the
state budget. While Wolf is in office the prospect of meaningful progress on
climate issues seems hopeful, but nonetheless difficult with a Republican
controlled legislature.
Stance on
climate change
Believer in anthropogenic climate change.
“Unlike his predecessor, newly-elected Governor Tom Wolf (D) believes in
climate change. According to his campaign website, ‘Tom knows we need to
remove the politics from the discussion about climate change and global
warming… As governor, Tom will promote policies to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions, promote clean energy alternatives, and invest in green energy
technology and infrastructure.’ Then-candidate Wolf also promised to try and
move the state into the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI).”-- Think
Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
RGGI? Non-active observer only. Before the CPP, Wolf had said he supported

24
bringing Pennsylvania into RGGI but now seems to be going for a CPP
pathway.
Major energy
policies
Wolf said this of the agreement: “Pennsylvania is proud of its history as an
energy producing state. We drilled the first oil well, our coal fueled the
industrial revolution, and now new resources are contributing to a low-carbon
energy renaissance. In joining this bipartisan coalition and signing the
Governors' Accord for a New Energy Future, we commit to continue to
evolve towards new energy solutions which will help make the state and
nation more efficient, sustainable, and resilient.”-- Governors’ Statements on
the Governors’ Accord for a New Energy Future 20
Pennsylvania’s Alternative Energy Portfolio Standard mandates that by 2021,
18% of Pennsylvania’s energy must come from “alternative” sources, only
8% of which are required to be renewable.41
Most other Northeastern states instead have a Renewable Portfolio
Standard. Comparatively, Pennsylvania’s commitment to renewable energy
is weaker than most of the Northeast’s.
Infrastructure &
Transportation
In 2014, Pennsylvania received a C- grade from the American Society of
Civil Engineers. The Society found that Pennsylvania “faces immense
challenges to maintaining and modernizing infrastructure throughout the
state” and that “Pennsylvania has the highest percentage of structurally
deficient bridges in the country. Of the Commonwealth’s more than 22,000
bridges, nearly one in four are considered structurally deficient.”--
infrastructurereportcard.org, 2014 Report Card for Pennsylvania’s
Infrastructure, 2014 23
“Pennsylvania lawmakers approved Act 89 in late 2013, a law that hikes
wholesale gasoline taxes and other vehicle-related fees that is expected to
raise $2.3 billion by its fifth year.
The state initiatives stand in stark contrast to inaction in Congress, where a
temporary funding patch is scheduled to expire in May and lawmakers have
been at odds over a long-term highway plan.
‘Act 89 put us in fairly good shape compared to other states, but federal
funding is a key component,’ PennDOT spokesman Rich Kirkpatrick said.
‘We get $1.5 to $1.6 billion a year. If somehow federal funding stopped, all
the progress under Act 89 would be delayed.’
While the bridge backlog has shrunken, the percentage of state roads in poor
condition has surged from 16 percent in 2009 to 23 percent in 2013.
Former PennDOT Secretary Barry Schoch, a special adviser to Gov. Tom

25
Wolf, said that with the added money from Act 89, Pennsylvania is about $2
billion short of what is needed. He said many of the interstates need to be
rebuilt from the ground up.”-- triblive.com, Pennsylvania road repair fund falls
billions of dollars short, February 21, 2015 24
Environment/
Climate and
other notable
actions
Strong. Since his tenure as governor began, Wolf has upheld a ban on
fracking in state parks, implemented strong methane emission regulations,
and raised the state’s budgets for the both the Departments of Environmental
Protection and of Conservation and Natural Resources.
Gas Tax PA has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes automatically in response to
the price of motor fuel.
PA total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 50.3 cents per
gallon-- the highest in the nation.

26
Rhode Island
Governor Gina Raimondo
Party Democrat
Election year 2014
Up for
reelection
2018
Political
Climate
With a Democratic governor and Democratic super majorities in the house
and senate, the political climate in RI is extremely progressive. Raimondo
and the legislature have successfully produced a number of pro climate-
action initiatives, and this trend seems likely to continue. Raimondo did not
actually veto any bill until last June-- over a year into her governorship.
Stance on
climate
change
“When running for governor, Governor Gina Raimondo (D) said, ‘we must do
everything we can now to adapt to an environment transformed by climate
change, and mitigate the impact that it will have on our state.’ Similar to
Connecticut Governor Dan Malloy’s clean energy finance bank, Governor
Raimondo has said she is interested in creating one for the state of Rhode
Island. The green bank would allow the government and the private sector to
work together to fund renewable energy development.”-- Think Progress,
The Climate Guide to Governors, Jan 26, 2015 1
State
emission
reduction
targets
Policies:
Resilient Rhode Island Act (2014);
Rhode Island Greenhouse Gas Action Plan (2002)
Targets:
 10% below 1990 by 2020
 45% below 1990 by 2035
 80% below 1990 by 2050

27
35-45% below 1990 by 2030 (NEG/ECP Resolution 39-1 (2015))
RGGI? Yes
Major energy
policies
“The Governor's Fiscal Year 2016 Budget contains many initiatives designed
to make it easier for clean energy companies to do business in Rhode Island
including:
 Establishing the Rhode Island Infrastructure Bank (RIIB)
 FY 2016 Budget Article 14): -Expanding Property Assessed Clean
Energy (PACE) to commercial and residential properties for energy
efficiency, renewable energy, and electric vehicle charging station
finance opportunities, Allowing the Renewable Energy Fund and
PACE programs to be leveraged together, Establishing the Efficient
Building Fund for energy efficiency services to municipal buildings;
Enabling RIIB access to the Federal Qualified Energy Conservation
Bonds program; and Extending the Least-Cost Procurement law for
the gas and electric energy efficiency programs until the end of
2023.”-- RI.gov, Rhode Island Clean Energy Economy Grows
Stronger 13
Worldwide agreement between state, regional, and other subnational levels
of government to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees celsius by
RI’s Renewable Portfolio Standard mandates that by 2019, 16% of CT power
must come from renewables.
Infrastructure
&
Transportation
RI faces significant infrastructure challenges.
“In 2013, nearly 22 percent of Rhode Island’s 766 bridges were found
structurally deficient, compared with the national average of only 11 percent,
and nearly 25 percent of the state’s bridges were deemed functionally
obsolete, compared with a national average of 14 percent, Herrmann said.
Only Pennsylvania fared worse.”-- Brown Daily Herald, Long road ahead for
R.I. infrastructure, April 7, 2015 14
In May of last year Governor Raimondo revealed her infrastructure plan for
the state.
“The plan calls for a $700 million bond issue, to be included as part of the
budget for the next fiscal year, to jump-start transit-related construction work.
To the delight of unionized workers in attendance, Raimondo characterized

28
the initiative -- dubbed ‘Rhode Works’ -- as a measure that will improve
infrastructure while creating construction jobs.
The bond is envisioned as part of an overall $1.1 billion increase (including a
$400 million request for federal funds for public transit) in planned
infrastructure spending over the next 10 years. In terms of the $700 million
bond issue, $300 million would go to accelerate bridge repairs across the
state, while $400 million would support bridge repairs on routes 6 and 10.”--
Rhode Island Public Radio, Raimondo Unveils $1.1 Billion Infrastructure
Improvement Plan, May 27, 2015 15
For more detail on the Governor Raimondo’s infrastructure plan go here:
http://www.ri.gov/press/view/24912
Environment/c
limate and
notable
actions
Strong record. Governor Raimondo has already signed legislation
strengthening protections for wetlands42
and has advocated increase
penalties for polluters. The governor’s budget for FY 17 includes a number of
initiatives designed to enhance environmental protection in the state,
including hiring new scientists and lawyers for the state’s environmental
management department and allocating $35 million to restore and build new
bike paths and public parks.43
Gas tax RI has a variable rate gasoline tax that is indexed to the Consumer Price
Index.
RI total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 34 cents per gallon--

29
Vermont
Governor Peter Shumlin
Party Democrat
Election year 2010
Up for
reelection
2016 (every 2 years, was reelected in 2012 & 2014). However, Shumlin is
not running for reelection this cycle.
Gubernatorial
election status
According to Ballotpedia, current polling for the race gives the Democrats a
“lean” edge.32
Democratic party:
There are two leading candidates for the Democratic nomination:
 Matt Dunne: A former member of both the Vermont house and
senate, Matt Dunne favors “exploring joining the California cap and
trade program”. Of climate change in general, Dunn’s campaign
website says this: “Climate change will fundamentally harm our
economy, from its impact on maple sugaring to the ski industry, and
we must ensure we are leading the country in reducing carbon so
that others will follow our lead and solve this problem. We cannot
allow Lake Champlain to die and we cannot lose our prime
agricultural soils, some of the best in the world.” -- mattdunne.com,
Energy and the Environment, 201630
Dunne’s campaign website
does not mention RGGI. However, it is likely he would support the
TCI.
 Sue Minter: A former Secretary of the Vermont Agency of
Transportation and former Vermont house member, Minter favors
pursuing “a regional strategy for carbon reduction by expanding the
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) to include transportation
fuels...Proceeds from the new program will be invested in public

30
transit, rail service, and building more plug-in vehicle infrastructure
here in Vermont.” -- sueminter.com, Protecting Our Environment,
2016 31
Minter was a founder of the TCI initiative. She is likely one of
the strongest possible supporters for the initiative.
There are also two major candidates for the Republican nomination:
 Philip Scott: As the current Lieutenant Governor of Vermont with high
approval ratings, Scott is the likely candidate for the Republican
nomination. He endorsed Marco Rubio-- a climate denier-- for
president and would likely not support an expansion of climate
action.
 Bruce Lisman: A retired Wall Street executive with deep pockets,
Lisman favors a moratorium on renewable energy expansion in
Vermont and wants to expand the state’s natural gas industry.
Lisman would likely not support an expansion of climate action.
Political Climate With a Democratic governor and Democratic majorities in the house and
senate, the political climate in Vermont is very progressive. The state has a
reputation as being one of the most aggressively progressive states in the
country, and Governor Schumlin’s tenure is no exception. For the remainder
of Governor Schumlin’s tenure, more climate progress is completely
feasible.
Stance on
climate change
“We will not join the others in the denial, in the pretend, in the ‘let business
happen as usual,’ because our kids and our grandkids mean more to us
than our own greed,” Governor Shumlin (D) said in 2011. “And we’re going
to get off oil and move forward as quickly as we know how.” Governor
Shumlin has worked to expand solar net metering, signed into law the
nation’s first ban on fracking, and has openly stated his opposition to the
Keystone XL pipeline.” --Think Progress, The Climate Guide to Governors,
Jan 26, 2015 1
State emission
reduction
targets
Policies:
2006 Act No. 168 (S.259);
2011 Comprehensive Energy Plan
Targets:
 50% below 1990 by 2028,
 75% below 1990 by 2050
 Renewables to account for 90% of energy use by 2050
RGGI? Yes.

31
Major energy
policies
Worldwide agreement between state, regional, and other sub-national levels
of government to limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius by
Shumlin’s 2016 energy plan for Vermont sets the following targets:
 By 2025, 25% of the state’s energy must be generated from
renewables (by 2035 this must be 40%, by 2050 90%)
 By 2025 reduce total energy consumption (per capita) by 15% (and
more than a third by 2050)
Signed comprehensive energy reform bill H.40- June 2015
Requires that:
 By 2017 55% of all energy sales made by power utilities must be
generated from renewables
 By 2032 75% of all energy sales made by power utilities must be
generated from renewables
 By 2032 distributed renewable energy generation must provide 10%
of the state’s energy
Infrastructure &
Transportation
Yearly transportation infrastructure budget hovers around $650 million.
Mainly used for bridges, paving, town highway programs.
Vermont has significant infrastructure challenges. Roughly one quarter of
the state’s highway bridges are more than 70 years old.
Environment/cli
mate and
notable actions
Vermont has more clean energy sector workers than any other state (on a
per capita basis).
“Protecting our open lands is a solemn responsibility to our children and
future generations of Vermonters, [including] making the move to a
sustainable, local agricultural economy.” -- schumlinforgovernor.com 7
Gas tax VT has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes in response to the price of
motor fuel.
VT total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 30.46 cents per
gallon-- the 21st highest in the nation (including DC).

32
Washington D.C.
Mayor Muriel Bowser
Party Democrat
Election year 2014
Up for reelection 2018
Political Climate With a Democratic mayor and a Democratic supermajority city council, D.C.
has a progressive political climate. The city has taken aggressive steps to
meet impressive climate goals and Mayor Bowser, incumbent since 2015,
seems happy to keep the pace. While Bowser is in office it is likely D.C. will
remain committed to strong climate action.
Stance on
climate change
Mayor Bowser said this of the 2015 Paris Climate Accords:
“I am hopeful that this agreement will move the world toward a more
sustainable future. The District of Columbia is proud to be one of the first
cities to attain compliance with the international Compact of Mayors. And
as our nation’s capital, we will continue to lead in green energy and
sustainable practices. By taking bold and concrete steps to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions, we will improve the long-term health of our
community, while creating good paying jobs that build pathways to the
middle class for our residents.”-- Mayor Muriel Bowser, mayor.dc.gov,
Mayor Bowser Applauds Historic Paris Agreement on Climate Change,
December 12, 2015 26
RGGI? N/A

33
Major energy
policies
Mayor Bowser has signed and attained compliance with the Compact of
Mayors-- a global coalition of city leaders agreeing to pursue climate action
In 2012, Washington D.C. announced it’s Sustainable DC initiative. Since
then the city has taken aggressive measures to enhance its sustainability
and lower its carbon footprint such as:
 Having more LEED certified buildings than any other US city (as of
2015)
 Enforcing a green construction code throughout the city
 Committing to reduce their GHG emissions by 50% before 2032
 Exploring the possibility of starting a DC green bank
Mayor Bowser is eager to keep the Sustainable DC initiative strong. Of her
commitment she has said:
“Sustainability is one of those words that evokes different things to different
people. So, I’ll tell you what sustainability means to me... Sustainability
means a stronger economy with more opportunities for good-paying jobs.
Sustainability means healthier neighborhoods with safe places to be active
outside and better access to healthy food. Sustainability also means having
more efficient homes that help keep our utility bills lower. Those are things
every District resident can get behind.” -- Mayor Muriel Bowser,
sustainabledc.org, Sustainable DC Second Year Progress Report, April
2015 27
Infrastructure &
Transportation In 2016 the ASCE gave Washington DC’s infrastructure a C- rating, which
is described as “mediocre” by the society. The report stated that the DC
DOT would need four times its current budget to fix its infrastructure
problems. Additionally, the Metropolitan Washington Council of
Governments found cause for a $58 billion infrastructure-funding gap in a
recent report.
So far, Mayor Bowser seems only to have prioritized improving
infrastructure as a way to minimize transportation related fatalities and
reducing inequality, namely with her Vision Zero Initiative. Read more
about it here: http://ddot.dc.gov/page/vision-zero-initiative
Environment/cli
mate and
notable actions
Former Mayor of DC Vincent Gray signed seven complementary
energy/environmental laws into effect along with the announcement of the
Sustainable DC initiative.
Gas tax DC has a variable rate gasoline tax that changes automatically in response
to the price of motor fuel.
DC total gas tax (state tax + other state fees) is currently 23.5 cents per

34
References
1
http://thinkprogress.org/the-2015-climate-guide-to-governors/
2
http://www.mass.gov/eea/air-water-climate-change/climate-change/massachusetts-global-
warming-solutions-act/
3
http://www.mass.gov/governor/press-office/press-releases/fy2016/gov-baker-joins-governors-
accord-for-new-energy-future.html
4
http://www.politico.com/states/massachusetts/story/2015/12/baker-links-the-future-of-
massachusetts-infrastructure-to-his-own-029370#ixzz4DessG6IR
5
http://www.masslive.com/politics/index.ssf/2016/04/on_earth
day_environmental_gro.html#comments
6
http://maggiehassan.com/priority/energy-environment/
7
shumlinforgovernor.com, "Issues", Nov 2, 2010
8
http://bangordailynews.com/2015/01/12/politics/lepage-to-unveil-2-billion-three-year-work-plan-
for-maine-transportation-projects/
9
http://www.lcv.org/elections/dirty-dozen/2014/2014.html
10
http://www.lcv.org/elections/dirty-dozen/2014/paul-lepage.html
11
http://bangordailynews.com/2014/10/20/opinion/contributors/lepage-has-undermined-
environmental-protection-thwarted-economic-opportunity/
12
http://www.courant.com/politics/hc-malloy-transportation-plan-0218-20150218-story.html
13
14
http://www.browndailyherald.com/2015/04/07/long-road-ahead-for-r-i-infrastructure/
15
http://ripr.org/post/raimondo-unveils-11-billion-infrastructure-improvement-plan
16
http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/New-Jerseys-Solar-Resurrection-Bill-Passes
17
http://www.acore.org/files/pdfs/states/NewJersey.pdf
18
http://www.nj.com/opinion/index.ssf/2014/07/nj_infrastructure_problems_road_water_sewage_f
unding.html
19
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2011/01/advocacy_group_gives_gov_chris.html
20
http://www.governorsnewenergyfuture.org/news/
21
http://www.newsworks.org/index.php/local/delaware/79008-markell-on-infrastructure-needs-
marijuana-and-more-video
22
http://www.governorsnewenergyfuture.org/news/
23
http://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/pennsylvania/pennsylvania-overview/
24
http://triblive.com/news/allegheny/7789062-74/federal-funding-pennsylvania
25
http://governor.maryland.gov/2015/06/25/governor-larry-hogan-announces-1-97-billion-in-
transportation-funding/
26
http://mayor.dc.gov/release/mayor-bowser-applauds-historic-paris-agreement-climate-change
27
http://www.sustainabledc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Sustainable-DC-Progress-Report-
April-2015.pdf
28
http://doee.dc.gov/release/mayor-vincent-c-gray-signs-sustainable-dc-act
29
http://archive.alleghenyfront.org/story/pa-governor-candidates-co2-cap-and-trade.html
30
http://www.mattdunne.com/energy-enviroment/
31
http://www.sueminter.com/issues/protecting-our-environment
32
https://ballotpedia.org/Vermont_gubernatorial_election,_2016
33
https://ballotpedia.org/New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election,_2016

35
34
http://nhlabornews.com/2016/04/where-do-nhs-gubernatorial-candidates-stand-on-climate-
change/
35
http://www.stevemarchand.com/infrastructure
36
https://ballotpedia.org/Delaware_gubernatorial_election,_2016
37
http://delawarestatenews.net/opinion/14021/
38
http://colin2016.com/
39
http://www.greendel.org/2013/11/14/just-how-disgusting-can-the-markell-administration-get-
is-there-any-bottom/
40
http://www.dnrec.delaware.gov/Admin/Documents/2016-2019-DNREC-Capital-Plan.pdf
41
http://www.pennaeps.com/aboutaeps/
42
43
http://www.ecori.org/government/2016/2/7/govs-proposed-budget-includes-environmental-
support

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