TASK 3 Traslation Techniques

1. Traslation Techniques
– TASK 3
GERMY ALEJANDRO CAICEDO FRANCO
MARIA ANGELICA BUITRAGO AMAYA

2. TASK 1. TRANSLATION

3. PARAGRAPH 2
At first, the use of fragrances was primarily associated with healing. Aromatic alcoholic waters
were ingested as well as used externally. Fragrances were used to purify the air, both for spiritual
and health purposes. During the Black Death, the bubonic plague was thought to have resulted
from a bad odour which could be averted by inhaling pleasant fragrances such as cinnamon.
The Black Death led to an aversion to using water for washing, and so perfume was commonly
used as a cleaning agent.
Later on, the craft of perfume re-entered Europe, and was centred in Venice, chiefly because it
was an important trade route and a centre for glass-making. Having such materials at hand was
essential for the distillation process. In the late seventeenth century, trade soared in France,
when Louis XIV brought in policies of protectionism and patronage which stimulated the purchase
of luxury goods. Here, perfumery was the preserve of glove-makers. The link arose since the
tanning of leather required putrid substances. Consequently, the gloves were scented before they
were sold and worn. A glove and perfume makers’ guild had existed here since 1190. Entering it
required 7 years of formal training under a master perfumer.

4. TRANSLATION PARAGRAPH 2
Al principio el uso de fragancias fueron primeramente asociados con la salud. Las aguas aromáticas fueron
ingeridas así como usadas externamente. Las fragancias fueron usadas para purificar el aire, tanto para
propósitos espirituales como de salud. Durante la black deth (peste negra) se pensó que la peste bubónica era
el resultado de un mal olor que podía evitarse inhalando fragancias agradables como la canela. La black death
(peste negra) produjo una aversión a usar agua para lavar, y así el perfume fue comúnmente usado como un
agente limpiador.
Más tarde, el arte del perfume volvió a entrar en Europa, y se centró en Venice, principalmente porque fue una
importante ruta comercial y un centro para glass-making (fabricación de vidrio). Tener dichos materiales a mano
fue esencial para el proceso de destilación. Al final del siglo XVII el comercio se disparó en Francia cuando Luis
XIV introdujo políticas de proteccionismo y mecenazgo que estimularon la compra de artículos de lujo. Aquí la
perfumería fue excluiva de los glove-makers (fabricantes de guantes). El enlace surgió ya que el curtido requería
sustancias pútridas. Consecuentemente los guantes fueron perfumados antes de que fueran vendidos y usados. Un
guante y un gremio de fabricantes de perfumes habían existido aquí desde 1190. Entrar en él requería 7 años de
entrenamiento formal bajo la dirección de un maestro perfumista.

5. PARAGRAPH 4
Perfume became less associated with health in 1810 with a Napoleonic ordinance which required
perfumers to declare the ingredients of all products for internal consumption. Unwilling to divulge
their secrets, traders concentrated on products for external use. Napoleon affected the industry in
other ways too. With French ports blockaded by the British during the Napoleonic wars, the London
perfumers were able to dominate the markets for some time.
One of the significant changes in the nineteenth century was the idea of branding. Until then,
trademarks had had little significance in the perfumery where goods were consumed locally, although
they had a long history in other industries. One of the pioneers in this field was Rimmel who was
nationalized as a British citizen in 1857. He took advantage of the spread of railroads to reach
customers in wider markets. To do this, he built a brand which conveyed prestige and quality, and
were worth paying a premium for. He recognised the role of design in enhancing the value of his
products, hiring a French lithographer to create the labels for his perfume bottles.

6. TRANSLATION PARAGRAPH 4
El perfume se volvió menos asociado con la salud en 1810 con una ordenanza napoleónica la cual requería a los
perfumistas declarar los ingredientes para consumo interno. Reacios de divulgar sus secretos, los comerciantes se
concentraron en productos de uso externo. Napoleón afectó la industria en otras formas también. Con los puertos
franceses bloqueados por los británicos durante las guerras napoleónicas, los perfumistas fueron capaces de
dominar los mercados por algún tiempo.
Uno de los cambios significativos en el siglo 19 fue la idea de la marca. Hasta entonces, las marcas habían tenido
poco significado en la perfumería donde los bienes eran consumidos localmente, aunque ellas tuvieron una larga
historia en otras industrias. Uno de los pioneros en este campo fue Rimmel quien fue nacionalizado como un
ciudadano británico en 1857. Él tomó ventaja de la expansión de los ferrocarriles para llegar a clientes en mercados
mas amplios. Para hacer esto, él construyo una marca la cual transmitía prestigio y calidad, y valía la pena pagar
una prima por ella. Él reconoció el papel del diseño en la mejora del valor de sus productos, contrato un litógrafo
francés para crear las etiquetas para sus botellas de perfume.

7. TASK 2. REFLECTION BY GERMY ALEJANDRO
CAICEDO FRANCO
In the sentence: for spiritual and health purposes, I used the “transposition
technique” so I traslated it in spanish: para propósitos espirituales y de salud.
In the sentence: during the black death, I used the “loan technique” that is a
process of traduction consist in use a word or an expression of original text in the text of
destination.
In the sentence: the bubonic plague, I used the “loan technique” too.
In the expresión: Venice (Venecia) I used the “loan technique” too.
In the expresión: for glass-making, (fabricación de vidrio) I used the “tracing
technique” this technique use a neologism in the target language throught of adoption
of the structure of the language of origin.
In the expresión: glove-makers (fabricantes de guantes) I used the “tracing
technique”.
The rest of the text the traduction was word by word. (Literal Traduction)
In general it wasn’t dificult.

8. TASK 2. REFLECTION BY MARIA ANGELICA
BUITRAGO AMAYA
In general, the vocabulary of the text was easy, I only had doubt in the expressions that included
the words: became, spread, role and reach, because the meaning that I know, not fit me very well
in the translation, so to solve this problem, I looked in the dictionary other meanings of these
words and I chose the one that best suited the context. The translation is done using the methods
of semantic translation and communicative translation, using the techniques described by Nida in
the document by Mahmoud Ordudari (2007):
A. Analysis of the source and target languages;
B. A through study of the source language text before making attempts translate it;
C. Making judgments of the semantic and syntactic approximations. (pp. 241-45)
Which were useful when making the translation.

9. TASK 3. CHART - DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METHOD,
STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE

10. TASK 3. CHART - DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METHOD,
STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE

11. TASK 4. FEEDBACK

12. TASK 4. FEEDBACK