Protección de Niños Online en la Industria Móvil de América Latina
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Uso seguro y responsable de los móviles / TICs por parte de niños y jóvenes.
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Protección de Niños Online en la Industria Móvil de América Latina
- 1. Protección de Niños Online en la Industria Móvil de América Latina
- 3. El acceso a internet en América Latina es móvil 3 Las conexiones de Banda Ancha Móvil superaron a las fijas en 2011. Hoy totalizan más de 300 millones de conexiones. 111. 3 35.7 19.5 11.7 11.7 7.5 7.3 20.2 13.6 5.7 2.2 2.2 1.6 4.5 Brazi l Mexi co Argentin a Chile Venezue la Peru Colombi a Mobile broadband Fixed broadband Mobile and fixed broadband connections in selected markets (2013, m) Source: GSMA intelligence; ITU 67.52% 82.60% 35.29% 48.31% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 0 50,000,000 100,000,000 150,000,000 200,000,000 250,000,000 300,000,000 350,000,000 2014 2020 Mobile Internet subscribers LatAm total: % unique subs % population Las mitad de la población latinoamericana tendrá acceso a internet móvil para 2020 La relación promedio en América Latina de BA Móvil vs. BA Fija es de 5 a 1
- 4. Task Force de Sostenibilidad y Resp. Social 4 • Creado a mediados de 2013 • Compuesto por más de 120 ejecutivos encargados de RSE y Medio Ambiente • Más de 40 operadores móviles de 21 países • Foco en eWaste y Niñez
- 5. Desechos electrónicos en América Latina 5 “Los niños son especialmente vulnerables a los riesgos para la salud que puedan resultar de la exposición a los desechos electrónicos” - OMS • Reporte casos de estudio (Mayo 2014): • Position Paper • Próximo estudio con la Universidad de Naciones Unidas
- 6. Mujeres Conectadas 6 Reporte “Mujeres Conectadas 2015: Cerrando la Brecha de Género: Uso y Acceso Móvil en países de ingresos bajos y medios Encuestas a más de 11 mil mujeres y hombres de 11 países, incluyendo Colombia y México Más de 1.700 millones de mujeres de países con niveles de ingresos bajos y medios no poseen un teléfono móvil. En promedio, es un 14% menos probable que las mujeres posean un móvil en comparación con los hombres
- 7. Protección de la Infancia en Línea 7 Qué significa “Protección de la Infancia en Línea”? Uso seguro y responsable de los móviles / TICs por parte de niños y jóvenes Prevención del mal uso de las TICS / móviles por parte de los adultos para explotar a los niños Educación, aprendizaje y empleo: La tecnología móvil ofrece a los niños nuevas formas de aprendizaje, permite que establezcan contacto con personas de otras regiones y distintos estratos sociales, y estimula su creatividad
- 8. Trabajando de forma asociada 8 La colaboración entre la industria, las autoridades y las organizaciones de Líneas de Denuncia Online (hotlines) permiten una acción coordinada y efectiva para combater el contenido de abuso infantil online. La GSMA trabaja de cerca con una serie de organizaciones y grupos de interés que combaten el contenido de abuso infantil online: Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) International Association of Internet Hotlines (INHOPE) International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children (ICMEC) Child Helpline International (CHI)
- 9. Uso de los teléfonos móviles por los niños 9 Estudio comparativo internacional • Niños de 8 a 18 años • Latam: Chile (‘12) - Paraguay (‘11) - México (’10, ‘09) • Próximo estudio: Honduras
- 10. Colaboración GSMA-UNICEF 10 Promover entre los operadores móviles de América Latina: “Directrices para la Industria de Protección de la Infancia en Línea”
- 11. 11
- 12. Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea 12 Políticas e integración en gestión Combatiendo el abuso infantil Ambiente seguro y apropiado para la edad Educar a niños, padres y educadores Promover involucramiento ciudadano 5 áreas claves para proteger y promover los derechos de la niñez en línea
- 13. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Implementacion de procesos y políticas corporativas que protejan a los niños. Códigos de conducta y análisis del impacto. • Designar un responsable interno de protección de la niñez • Desarrollar una política de protección de la niñez o integrar en otras políticas. • Integrar los riesgos con la niñez (por edades) en las evaluaciones de impacto/riesgo. • Consultar a grupos de interés clave, incluyendo a niños, niñas y adolescentes. • Establecer procesos de remediación para los casos detectados. 13 1. Políticas e integración en gestión
- 14. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Alianza entre Millicom y UNICEF para: Mapear los riesgos y oportunidades con respecto a los derechos de los niños en el sector de telecomunicaciones y en cuestiones operacionales específicas para crear estándares y buenas prácticas. 14 1. Políticas e integración en gestión
- 15. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Apoyar líneas de ayuda y de denuncia de contenido de abuso infantil online (hotlines). Trabajo con autoridades para baja de contenido. • Contar con procedimientos de acuerdo con ley local y estándares internacionales • Crear términos y condiciones que expliciten las consecuencias de subir o consumir contenido de abuso sexual infantil. • Desarrollar procesos de take down para urls. • Referir los reportes de abuso a las autoridades locales o nacionales. 15 2. Combatiendo el abuso infantil
- 16. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea 16 2. Combatiendo el abuso infantil
- 17. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Emplear medidas técnicas: verificación de edad, control parental, filtros, funciones de opt-out. Apoyar las líneas de ayuda (helplines) • Comunicar reglas claras dirigidas a los niños y a sus padres. • Clasificar contenido según edad. • Marcar altos estándares para las configuraciones de privacidad por default. • Alinear con los reguladores de marketing y publicidad. • Ofrecer herramientas de reporte de contenido inapropiado con rápido proceso. 17 3. Ambiente seguro y apropiado para la edad
- 18. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea 18 3. Ambiente seguro y apropiado para la edad Los operadores móviles de Costa Rica (Claro, ICE y Telefónica) brindan llamadas gratuitas a la línea de ayuda telefónica para niños y adolescentes 1147 del Patronato Nacional de la Infancia (PANI) y contribuyen a concientizar a la población sobre la iniciativa a través de SMSs, redes sociales, eventos y promoción en sus sitios web.
- 19. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea 19 3. Ambiente seguro y apropiado para la edad Control Parental para Smartphones Vodafone Guardian: • Elegir que contactos pueden llamar a tu hijo/a y en qué horarios • Protegerlos de SMSs no deseados • Reestringir aplicaciones o contenido incluyendo internet, cámara, etc Es una oferta que influye positivamente en la marca del operador
- 20. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Campañas de educación y concientizacion con ONGs locales. Bullying. Privacidad. Material educativo para uso seguro de internet. • Describir y promocionar los controles parentales en un modo simple de usar • Educar a los consumidoes en dudas del manejo de sus gastos y del uso de internet, incluyendo spam, pérdida de datos, etc.. • Proveer materiales de educación de uso en la escuela y en casa. • Mecanismos para el involucramiento de los padres en las actividades en línea de los niños. 20 4. Educar a niños, padres y educadores.
- 21. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Fundación Estás Vivo de Viva y la Fundación Redes capacitaron para prevenir la violencia digital y el tráfico de personas a casi 5 mil estudiantes de las unidades educativas donde la Fundación Estás Vivo proporciona Internet gratuito en las ciudades de La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz y El Alto. 21 4. Educar a niños, padres y educadores.
- 22. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Uso positivo de las TIC. Luchar contra el analfabetismo digital. Innovación y emprendedores. Plataformas educativas. Inclusión digital. • Establecer políticas que protejan la privacidad y la libertad de expresión • Programas de Educación Móvil y de uso de la tecnología móvil para el desarrollo • Desarrollar plataformas que promuevan el derecho de la niñez de expresarse • Promover la alfabetización digital, construcción de capacidades y habilidades con las TICs para que los niños puedan utilizarlas en su totalidad • Colaborar con los gobiernos y la sociedad civil en el acceso equitativo a las TICs. 22 5. Promover involucramiento ciudadano
- 23. © GSMA 2013 Directrices para la Protección de la Infancia en línea Protección de Niños migrantes en México: Desde 2008, Nextel Fundación colabora con el Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM) para proteger los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes migrantes no acompañados. A través de una llamada gratuita, los niños migrantes no acompañados pueden comunicarse con sus padres o familiares cercanos en donde sea que se encuentren para que el proceso de repatriación y retorno sea lo menos traumático posible. Más de 60 Oficiales de Protección a la Infancia fueron capacitados y se brindaron 45 aparatos y líneas telefónicas en estaciones migratorias para la realización de llamadas nacionales o internacionales gratuitas. Nextel Fundación asume el costo de la instalación y uso de las líneas telefónicas para las diferentes estaciones migratorias, así como la realización de hasta 18,000 llamadas anuales.23 5. Uso positivo de las TIC
- 24. Talleres y seminarios 24 Colombia, Paraguay (Octubre 2014), Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador y Argentina (Abril 2015)
- 25. Cómo los operadores móviles implementarán las Directrices para la Industria de Protección de la Infancia 25 Educación Seminarios, Workshops y webinars desarrollados por GSMA y UNICEF Proponer aplicaciones practicas e iniciativas conjuntas entre la industriaAcciones Buenas Prácticas Colaboración Trabajar de forma conjunta para aunar esfuerzos con otras organizaciones como Child Helpline International, INHOPE, ITU, ICMEC Recopilar y difundir las buenas practicas e iniciativas de las distintas compañías de la industria en América Latina
- 26. Nos Importa: campaña regional para dar respuesta a distintas necesidades sociales 26
- 27. La campaña Nos Importa en Latam 27 México El Salvador Nicaragua Costa Rica Colombia Brasil
- 28. Campaña Nos Importa: protección infantil 28 Brasil: Apoyo y difusión SMS de SaferNET y Dial 100 Nicaragua: Apoyo y difusión SMS a la línea de ayuda 133 con el Ministerio de la Familia, Adolescencia y Niñez El Salvador: Apoyo al programa Alerta Angel Desaparecido de la Fiscalía General Costa Rica: Promoción de la línea de ayuda 1147 con el Patronato de la Infancia México: Acuerdo con la Alianza por la Seguridad en Internet (ASI) y el Consejo Ciudadano de Seguridad y Procuración de Justicia del Distrito Federal
- 29. 29 Muchas Gracias! Mauro Accurso - Communications & Sustainability Manager, GSMA Latam – maccurso@gsma.com
Notas del editor
- Integrating child rights considerations requires that companies take adequate measures to identify, prevent, mitigate and, where appropriate, remediate potential and actual adverse impacts on children’s rights. The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights call on all businesses to put in place appropriate policies and processes to meet their responsibility to respect human rights.
- Integrating child rights considerations requires that companies take adequate measures to identify, prevent, mitigate and, where appropriate, remediate potential and actual adverse impacts on children’s rights. The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights call on all businesses to put in place appropriate policies and processes to meet their responsibility to respect human rights.
- While many governments are tackling the dissemination and distribution of child sexual abuse material by enacting legislation, pursuing and prosecuting abusers, raising awareness, and supporting children to recover from abuse or exploitation, many countries do not yet have adequate systems in place. Responsible companies are taking a number of steps to help prevent their networks and services from being misused to disseminate child sexual abuse material. These include placing language in terms and conditions or codes of conduct that explicitly forbid such content; developing robust notice and takedown processes; and working with and supporting national hotlines. It should be noted that inappropriate user conduct is not limited to child sexual abuse material and that any type of inappropriate behaviour or content should be handled accordingly by the company.
- While many governments are tackling the dissemination and distribution of child sexual abuse material by enacting legislation, pursuing and prosecuting abusers, raising awareness, and supporting children to recover from abuse or exploitation, many countries do not yet have adequate systems in place. Responsible companies are taking a number of steps to help prevent their networks and services from being misused to disseminate child sexual abuse material. These include placing language in terms and conditions or codes of conduct that explicitly forbid such content; developing robust notice and takedown processes; and working with and supporting national hotlines. It should be noted that inappropriate user conduct is not limited to child sexual abuse material and that any type of inappropriate behaviour or content should be handled accordingly by the company.
- Very few things in life can be considered absolutely safe and risk free all of the time. Even in cities where the movement of traffic is highly regulated and closely controlled, accidents still happen. By the same token, cyberspace is not without risks, especially for children. Children can be thought of as receivers, participants and actors in their online environment. The risks that they face can be categorized into three areas: • Inappropriate content – Children may stumble upon questionable content while searching for something else by clicking a presumably innocuous link in an instant message, on a blog or when sharing files. Children may also seek out and share questionable material. What is considered harmful content varies from country to country, yet examples include content that promotes substance abuse, racial hatred, risk-taking behaviour or suicide, anorexia or violence. • Inappropriate conduct – Children and adults may use the Internet to harass or even exploit other people. Children may sometimes broadcast hurtful comments or embarrassing images or may steal content or infringe on copyrights. • Inappropriate contact – Both adults and young people can use the Internet to seek out children or other young people who are vulnerable. Frequently, their goal is to convince the target that they have developed a meaningful relationship, but the underlying purpose is manipulative. They may seek to persuade the child to perform sexual or other abusive acts online, using a webcam or other recording device, or they will try to arrange an in-person meeting and physical contact. This process is often referred to as ‘grooming’. Online safety is a community challenge and an opportunity for industry, government and civil society to work together to establish safety principles and practices. Industry can offer an array of technical approaches, tools and services for parents and children. These can include offering tools to develop new age-verification systems or to place restrictions on children’s consumption of content and services, or to restrict the people with whom children might have contact or the times at which they may go online. Livingstone, S., and L. Haddon, ‘EU Kids Online: Final report’, EU Kids Online, London School of Economics and Political Science, London (EC Safer Internet Plus Programme Deliverable D6.5), June 2009, p. 10. Facebook Privacy Controls: Control who you share with. That can be a single person in a message, a small group, with friends, or with the world. Each time you share a status update, you choose the audience you want to share with.
- Very few things in life can be considered absolutely safe and risk free all of the time. Even in cities where the movement of traffic is highly regulated and closely controlled, accidents still happen. By the same token, cyberspace is not without risks, especially for children. Children can be thought of as receivers, participants and actors in their online environment. The risks that they face can be categorized into three areas: • Inappropriate content – Children may stumble upon questionable content while searching for something else by clicking a presumably innocuous link in an instant message, on a blog or when sharing files. Children may also seek out and share questionable material. What is considered harmful content varies from country to country, yet examples include content that promotes substance abuse, racial hatred, risk-taking behaviour or suicide, anorexia or violence. • Inappropriate conduct – Children and adults may use the Internet to harass or even exploit other people. Children may sometimes broadcast hurtful comments or embarrassing images or may steal content or infringe on copyrights. • Inappropriate contact – Both adults and young people can use the Internet to seek out children or other young people who are vulnerable. Frequently, their goal is to convince the target that they have developed a meaningful relationship, but the underlying purpose is manipulative. They may seek to persuade the child to perform sexual or other abusive acts online, using a webcam or other recording device, or they will try to arrange an in-person meeting and physical contact. This process is often referred to as ‘grooming’. Online safety is a community challenge and an opportunity for industry, government and civil society to work together to establish safety principles and practices. Industry can offer an array of technical approaches, tools and services for parents and children. These can include offering tools to develop new age-verification systems or to place restrictions on children’s consumption of content and services, or to restrict the people with whom children might have contact or the times at which they may go online. Livingstone, S., and L. Haddon, ‘EU Kids Online: Final report’, EU Kids Online, London School of Economics and Political Science, London (EC Safer Internet Plus Programme Deliverable D6.5), June 2009, p. 10. Facebook Privacy Controls: Control who you share with. That can be a single person in a message, a small group, with friends, or with the world. Each time you share a status update, you choose the audience you want to share with.
- Very few things in life can be considered absolutely safe and risk free all of the time. Even in cities where the movement of traffic is highly regulated and closely controlled, accidents still happen. By the same token, cyberspace is not without risks, especially for children. Children can be thought of as receivers, participants and actors in their online environment. The risks that they face can be categorized into three areas: • Inappropriate content – Children may stumble upon questionable content while searching for something else by clicking a presumably innocuous link in an instant message, on a blog or when sharing files. Children may also seek out and share questionable material. What is considered harmful content varies from country to country, yet examples include content that promotes substance abuse, racial hatred, risk-taking behaviour or suicide, anorexia or violence. • Inappropriate conduct – Children and adults may use the Internet to harass or even exploit other people. Children may sometimes broadcast hurtful comments or embarrassing images or may steal content or infringe on copyrights. • Inappropriate contact – Both adults and young people can use the Internet to seek out children or other young people who are vulnerable. Frequently, their goal is to convince the target that they have developed a meaningful relationship, but the underlying purpose is manipulative. They may seek to persuade the child to perform sexual or other abusive acts online, using a webcam or other recording device, or they will try to arrange an in-person meeting and physical contact. This process is often referred to as ‘grooming’. Online safety is a community challenge and an opportunity for industry, government and civil society to work together to establish safety principles and practices. Industry can offer an array of technical approaches, tools and services for parents and children. These can include offering tools to develop new age-verification systems or to place restrictions on children’s consumption of content and services, or to restrict the people with whom children might have contact or the times at which they may go online. Livingstone, S., and L. Haddon, ‘EU Kids Online: Final report’, EU Kids Online, London School of Economics and Political Science, London (EC Safer Internet Plus Programme Deliverable D6.5), June 2009, p. 10. Facebook Privacy Controls: Control who you share with. That can be a single person in a message, a small group, with friends, or with the world. Each time you share a status update, you choose the audience you want to share with.
- Although companies have an important role in ensuring that children use ICTs in the most responsible and safest possible way, this responsibility is shared with parents, schools, and children. Many companies are investing in educational programmes designed to enable users to make informed decisions about content and services. Companies are assisting parents, caregivers and teachers in guiding children and adolescents towards safer, more responsible and appropriate online and mobile phone experiences. This includes signposting age-sensitive content and ensuring that information on items such as content prices, subscription terms and how to cancel subscriptions, is clearly communicated.
- Although companies have an important role in ensuring that children use ICTs in the most responsible and safest possible way, this responsibility is shared with parents, schools, and children. Many companies are investing in educational programmes designed to enable users to make informed decisions about content and services. Companies are assisting parents, caregivers and teachers in guiding children and adolescents towards safer, more responsible and appropriate online and mobile phone experiences. This includes signposting age-sensitive content and ensuring that information on items such as content prices, subscription terms and how to cancel subscriptions, is clearly communicated.
- The Convention on the Rights of the Child, in article 13, states that “the child shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of the child’s choice.” Companies can fulfil their respect for children’s civil and political rights by ensuring that technology, legislation and policies developed to protect children from online harm do not have the unintended consequences of supressing their right to participation and expression or preventing them from accessing information that is important to their well-being. At the same time, businesses can also support children’s rights by offering mechanisms and tools to facilitate youth participation. They can emphasize the Internet’s capacity to facilitate positive engagement in broader civic life, drive social progress, and influence the sustainability and resiliency of communities, for example, by participating in social and environmental campaigns and holding those in charge accountable. With the right tools and information, children and young people are better placed to access opportunities for health care, education and employment, and to voice their opinions and needs in schools, communities and countries. They can access information about their rights and make demands for information, whether in terms of the right to information on matters that affect them, such as their sexual health, or political and government accountability.
- The Convention on the Rights of the Child, in article 13, states that “the child shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of the child’s choice.” Companies can fulfil their respect for children’s civil and political rights by ensuring that technology, legislation and policies developed to protect children from online harm do not have the unintended consequences of supressing their right to participation and expression or preventing them from accessing information that is important to their well-being. At the same time, businesses can also support children’s rights by offering mechanisms and tools to facilitate youth participation. They can emphasize the Internet’s capacity to facilitate positive engagement in broader civic life, drive social progress, and influence the sustainability and resiliency of communities, for example, by participating in social and environmental campaigns and holding those in charge accountable. With the right tools and information, children and young people are better placed to access opportunities for health care, education and employment, and to voice their opinions and needs in schools, communities and countries. They can access information about their rights and make demands for information, whether in terms of the right to information on matters that affect them, such as their sexual health, or political and government accountability.