Explains the inflammatory process of endometrium,its causes and its two clinical variants as acute and chronic endometritis.
Describes the pathology of its two types with histologic perspective.
2. ENDOMETRIUM
It is the lining of uterus.it consists of columnar
epithelium and stroma.it has two layers;
1)functional built after end of menstruation during the
first part of the previous menstrual cycle.It sheds
during menstruation.
2)basal layer is not shed during menstrual cycle and
functional layer develops from it.
3. It is inflammation of the lining of the uterus.
Commonly occurs after giving birth or also in
non-pregnant women.
In addition to endometrium, inflammation
may involve myometrium and occasionally
parametrium.
4. Causes of Endometritis
Endometritis is caused by infection in the uterus.It can be due
to;
-Chlamydia
-Tuberculosis
-Gonorrhea
-Mix. of normal vaginal bacteria.
It is most likely to occur after miscarriage or childbirth or after
C-section.
It can be transmitted through following medical procedures;
-Hysteroscopy
-Placement of an Intra Uterine Device(IUD)
-Uterine scrapping
5. Symptoms
Dysmenorrhea
Dyspareunia
Abnormal vaginal discharge
-increased amount
-unusual color,consistency,color
Discomfort with bowel movement(including
constipation).
Fever(range from 37.8 to 40C)
General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill
feeling(malaise).
Pain in lower abdomen or pelvic region.
Pain is typically chronic and crampy.
Infertility.
6. Acute endometritis
It is characterized by infection.The organisms
most often isolated are because of compromised
abortions, delivery,medical instrumentation and
retention of placental fragments.
Histologically; Neutrophilic infiltration of the
endometrial tissue is present during the acute
endometritis.
Clinical presentation include typical high fever
and purulent vaginal discharge.
7. Menstruation after acute endometritis is
excessive.
Most often caused by Staphylococci,
Streptococci or N.gonorrheae.
8. Chronic endometritis
Characterized by the presence of the plasma cells in
the stroma.
Lymphocytes, eosinophills and even lymphoid
follicles can be seen but in the absence of plasma
cells are not enough for a histologic diagnosis.
The most common organisms are;
-Neisseria gonorrheae
-Chlamydia
-Streptococcus Agalactiae
-Tuberculosis
-Mycoplasma
-Various viruses
9. Patients suffering from chronic endometritis
may have an underlying cancer of the cervix or
the endometrium.
