1. HUMAN BODY
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The cardiovascular system comprises the
heart, veins, arteries and capillaries. The
primary function of the heart is to circulate
the blood, and through the blood, oxygen
and vital minerals are transferred to the
tissues and organs that comprise the body.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The digestive system provides the body's means
of processing food and transforming nutrients into
energy. The digestive system consists of the buccal
cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine ending in the rectum and anus. These
parts together are called the alimentary canal
(digestive tract).
2. HUMAN BODY
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNE SYSTEM
The main function of the lymphatic system is to extract,
transport and metabolise lymph, the fluid found in between cells.
The lymphatic system is very similar to the circulatory system in
terms of both its structure and its most basic function (to carry a
body fluid).
The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system,
comprising a network of conduits called lymphatic vessels that
carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart.
The lymph system is not a closed system. The circulatory system
processes an average of 20 liters of blood per day through
capillary filtration which removes plasma while leaving the blood
cells.
Immune System
The immune system is a system of biological structures and
processes within an organism that protects against disease. To
function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety
of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them
from the organism's own healthy tissue.
3. HUMAN BODY
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM:
The human musculoskeletal system consists of the
human skeleton, made by bones attached to other
bones with joints, and skeletal muscle attached to
the skeleton by tendons.
Bones: An adult human has approximately 206
distinct bones:
Spine and vertebral column (26), Cranium (8),
Face (14), Hyoid bone, sternum and ribs (26),
Upper extremities (70), Lower extremities (62)
NERVOUS SYSTEM:
Nervous system consists of cells that communicate
information about an organism's surroundings and
itself. The nervous system of humans is divided into
the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral
nervous system (PNS)
4. HUMAN BODY
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Human reproduction takes place as internal fertilization by
sexual intercourse. During this process, the erect penis of the male
is inserted into the female's vagina until the male ejaculates
semen, which contains sperm, into the female's vagina. The
sperm then travels through the vagina and cervix into the uterus
or fallopian tubes for fertilization of the ovum.
The human male reproductive system is a series of
organs located outside the body and around the pelvic region of a
male that contribute towards the reproductive process. The
primary direct function of the male reproductive system is to
provide the male gamete or spermatozoa for fertilization of the
ovum.
The human female reproductive system is a series of
organs primarily located inside of the body and around the pelvic
region of a female that contribute towards the reproductive
process. The human female reproductive system contains three
main parts: the vagina, which acts as the receptacle for the male's
sperm, the uterus, which holds the developing fetus, and the
ovaries, which produce the female's ova.
5. VOCABULARY - HEALTH AND HEALTHHCARE
How to say you are ill
I'm ill.
I feel really rough.
I'm shattered (meaning tired out or exhausted)
I’m sick
How to say you are feeling OK
• I feel good (used to talk about emotional state)
• I feel great / well
• be a picture of (good) health (be in a very healthy condition
- The doctor told him that he is a picture of good health)
6. Health advice:
•Exercise regularly.
•Eat healthy food.
•brush your teeth regularly.
•Sleep early (= don't stay up late!)
•Have regular medical check up.
•Relax.
•Go on a diet.
Places
•doctor's
•pharmacy / drugstore /chemist's
•hospital
•operating theatre
•surgery (medical operation)
•waiting room
•ward (a geriatric/maternity/psychiatric ward)
7. VOCABULARY - HEALTH AND HEALTHHCARE
Some examples:
•I have a cold .
•I only eat soup when I have the flu.
•I get headaches if I drink too much coffee or coke.
•The boxer got hit in the face and got a nosebleed.
•I usually get a fever when I have the flu.
•My sister got a concussion when she fell off her bike.
•My nose is always itchy in the spring, because of all the pollen.
•When I have a cold, I blow my nose so much that it gets really sore.
•Did you know there are different kinds of coughs? Dry coughs and wet
ones to name a few.
•How do you deal with a sore throat?
•I always get a stomach ache after eating theatre popcorn.
