The Visigoths

The Visigoths defeats
Attila of the Huns at
the Catalaunian
Fields, together with
Rome’s allies
462
Visigoths
expand into
Spain.
571
Visigoths
conquer
Cordoba
536 -562
The Byzantine
Empire conquers
Italy
624
The Visigoths,
conquest of the
last Byzantine
domains and the
Basque Country.
587
Reccared, launched a
movement to unify
the various religious
doctrines that existed
in Hispania.
710
Rodrigo, the
last Visigoth
king
711
Muslim
Invasion of
the
Visigoths

The sack of Rome in 410 (19th century interpretation)

Battle of the Catalaunic fields
Between the Romans and goths against Atilla(451)

“ La convresión de Recaredo”: 19th Romantic interpretation.

The Visigoths,
conquest of the
last Byzantine
domains and
the Basque
Country.

Muslim
Invasion
(The Battle of
Guadalete)

Los reyes visigodos noLos reyes visigodos no
trataron de imponer su fetrataron de imponer su fe
cristiana a sus súbditos-,cristiana a sus súbditos-,
sino que respetaron elsino que respetaron el
cristianismo católico quecristianismo católico que
profesaban la mayoría deprofesaban la mayoría de
ellos e interfirieron muyellos e interfirieron muy
poco en las actividades depoco en las actividades de
su Iglesia.su Iglesia.
La conversión al catolicismo de
Recaredo se produjo en el 587 y
tras él la nobleza goda del
reino visigodo de Toledo
también abjuró de su fe
cristiana arriana anterior. La
formalización de
la conversión se produjo
durante el III Concilio de Toledo
celebrado en el 589.

Las reuniones visigodas conciliares
Las reuniones visigodas conciliares
fueron de dos clases: provinciales, que
fueron de dos clases: provinciales, que
agrupaban el episcopado provincial; y
agrupaban el episcopado provincial; y
generales, que agrupando los obispos
generales, que agrupando los obispos
del reino, trataban temas de interés
del reino, trataban temas de interés
común.
común.
Estas asambleas político-religiosas de la monarquíaEstas asambleas político-religiosas de la monarquía
visigótica eran convocadas por el rey y presididas porvisigótica eran convocadas por el rey y presididas por
el arzobispo más antiguo (posteriormente por el deel arzobispo más antiguo (posteriormente por el de
Toledo), donde la representación se reducía a las altasToledo), donde la representación se reducía a las altas
jerarquías eclesiásticas y a la nobleza.jerarquías eclesiásticas y a la nobleza.

Guarrazar treasure is a treasure ofGuarrazar treasure is a treasure of
Visigothic goldsmith composed ofVisigothic goldsmith composed of
crowns and crosses several kings ofcrowns and crosses several kings of
the Visigoth kingdom of Toledo Hethe Visigoth kingdom of Toledo He
was found between 1858 and 1861was found between 1858 and 1861
in the archaeological site calledin the archaeological site called
Guarrazar orchard located in theGuarrazar orchard located in the
town of Guadamur, near Toledo.town of Guadamur, near Toledo.

Un arco de herradura es un arcoUn arco de herradura es un arco
ultrasemicircular o ultrapasado (cuyaultrasemicircular o ultrapasado (cuya
curva es más amplia que un semicírculo) ycurva es más amplia que un semicírculo) y
que tiene forma de herradura. Es probableque tiene forma de herradura. Es probable
que se trate de una creación de losque se trate de una creación de los
antiguos indígenas prerromanos de laantiguos indígenas prerromanos de la
península Ibérica, de ahí pasó, a través depenínsula Ibérica, de ahí pasó, a través de
los romanos, al arte visigodolos romanos, al arte visigodo

Fibulae in key metal parts to join orFibulae in key metal parts to join or
fasten garments dresses. Thesefasten garments dresses. These
objects were made up of bronze andobjects were made up of bronze and
colorful glass .colorful glass .
They were made by goldsmiths.They were made by goldsmiths.

Decoration with friezes roleos,Decoration with friezes roleos,
swastikas and vegetables andswastikas and vegetables and
animal themes. The geometricanimal themes. The geometric
decoration, carved bezel,decoration, carved bezel,
reflects the fact that thereflects the fact that the
Hispanic Church was counterHispanic Church was counter
to the storied representation.to the storied representation.

Now we are going to explain
some of the monuments that
were so important for the
arquitecture of the visigoths.
Like the churches,
hermitages, crypts and
cathedrals.

The Church of San Juan Bautista or
San Juan Bautista de Baños de
Cerrato is an ancient stone
Visigothic church.
It is one of the earliest and most
complete survivals of Visigothic
architecture, founded in the 7th
century.

The crypt of San Antolín, beneath theThe crypt of San Antolín, beneath the
present cathedral of Palencia (Spain), is thepresent cathedral of Palencia (Spain), is the
only remnant of the primitive Visigothonly remnant of the primitive Visigoth
cathedral built in the second half of thecathedral built in the second half of the
seventh century Romanesque elementsseventh century Romanesque elements
added subsequently. The crypt is dedicatedadded subsequently. The crypt is dedicated
to San Antolín, martyr, patron saint ofto San Antolín, martyr, patron saint of
Palencia.Palencia.

The church of Santa Lucia delThe church of Santa Lucia del
Trampal, the eight century,Trampal, the eight century,
located in the municipality oflocated in the municipality of
Alcuéscar, is a unique exampleAlcuéscar, is a unique example
of Moorish architecture,of Moorish architecture,
ordering its head with threeordering its head with three
rectangular chapels open arectangular chapels open a
transept.transept.

Santa Comba de Bande is a
Visigoth temple possibly from
the second half of the seventh
century, located in the town of
Bande in the province of
Orense.

The temple of San Pedro de laThe temple of San Pedro de la
Mata in the hamlet ofMata in the hamlet of
Casalgordo, municipality ofCasalgordo, municipality of
Sonseca province of Toledo,Sonseca province of Toledo,
was built in the second half ofwas built in the second half of
the seventh century, being athe seventh century, being a
representative of the Visigothrepresentative of the Visigoth
art building.art building.

The chapel of Santa Maria de QuintanillaThe chapel of Santa Maria de Quintanilla
of the Vines, in the old alfoz of Lara, in theof the Vines, in the old alfoz of Lara, in the
province of Burgos (Spain), is one of theprovince of Burgos (Spain), is one of the
best examples of Visigoth architecture.best examples of Visigoth architecture.
Until 1927 it was used as a corral for cattle,Until 1927 it was used as a corral for cattle,
but was declared a National Monument onbut was declared a National Monument on
25 November 1929 and restored. And the25 November 1929 and restored. And the
visigoths also used it like a church.visigoths also used it like a church.

We cand findWe cand find
different sectorsdifferent sectors
King
Aristocracy.
Clergy.
Artisans and
peasants.
Slaves.
Isidoro de Sevilla

He ruled the kingdomHe ruled the kingdom
and their powerand their power
supposed to besupposed to be
absolute. However, heabsolute. However, he
was oftenly challengedwas oftenly challenged
by aristocracy .by aristocracy .

It was formed by theIt was formed by the
Visigothic invadersVisigothic invaders
and Romans noblesand Romans nobles..
First of all, aristocracyFirst of all, aristocracy
was the controllingwas the controlling
social class. It was asocial class. It was a
minority and theyminority and they
were priviledged. Theywere priviledged. They
were the landowners.were the landowners.

They were churchThey were church
leaders, priestsleaders, priests
and monks.and monks.
They were thoseThey were those
belonged to thebelonged to the
Church and prayedChurch and prayed
there. They hadthere. They had
many lands.many lands.

Both groups were theBoth groups were the
descendants of the Romandescendants of the Roman
“coloni” (ancient plebeians)“coloni” (ancient plebeians)
Peasants lived in thePeasants lived in the
country and they worked incountry and they worked in
the lords and church’sthe lords and church’s
lands.lands.
There were few artisans andThere were few artisans and
traders coming from thetraders coming from the
East (mainly Jews andEast (mainly Jews and
Easterners)Easterners)

There were also slaves in the VisigothicThere were also slaves in the Visigothic
society.society.
They obeyed their owner’s orders.They obeyed their owner’s orders.
However there were fewer slaves thanHowever there were fewer slaves than
in the Roman society.in the Roman society.
They were really poor and sufferedThey were really poor and suffered
from hunger and diseases.from hunger and diseases.

The Visigoths

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The Visigoths