2. Prepared by Group 5:
Rudraksh Joshi
Khushbu Jethwa
Sonali Kadam
Shirish Kadam
3. In the early 20th century, it is invented by the German chemist Paul
Ehrlich while working on selective toxicity .
Dapsone (diamino-diphenyl sulfone)
is a medication most commonly used
in combination with rifampicin and
clofazimine as multidrug therapy
(MDT) for the treatment of
Mycobacterium leprae infections (leprosy).
Official in IP,BP,USP.
5. Substitution of aromatic ring with acetyl
group results in decreased activity,
increased solubility in water and decreased
G.I irritation.
Replacement of 1 amino group with
nitro,hydroxy or hydroxylamine results in
decreased activity.
Replacement of both amino groups gives
inactive product(with above).
6. Replacement of both amino groups with
aldehyde results in prodrug
formation(eg.glucosulfone sodium).
Replacement of one of benzene rings with
thiazole resulted in decreased activity.
9. 1. Absorption
It is completely absorbed after oral administration
2. Distribution
Approximately 70% bound to plasma protein. The main
metabolite, monoacetyl dapsone, is nearly 100% protein
bound.
10. 3. Metabolism
Dapsone is acetylated in the liver, the degree of which is
genetically determined.
4 . Elimination
The plasma t1/2 is variable, though often>24hrs
Elimination takes 1-2 weeks or longer
Metabolites are excreted in bile & urine
12. Hypersensitivity
more frequent in patients receiving multiple-drug therapy.
The reaction involves a rash and may also include fever,
jaundice, and eosinophilia.
In general, these symptoms will occur within the first six
weeks of therapy or not at all, and may be treated by
corticosteroid therapy.
14. DISEASE ADULT CHILDREN DAYS
Leprosy - Lepromatous 50-100 mg/day 6-10 mg/day 2-5 years
Leprosy - Tuberculoid 100 mg/day NA 6 months
Dermatitis Herpetiformis 50-300 mg/day NA Life long basis
Pneumocystis Pneumonia 100 mg/day 2 mg/kg/day 14-21 days
Pneumocystis Pneumonia 100 mg/day 2 mg/kg/day Life long basis
Prophylaxis
Toxoplasmosis - Prophylaxis 100 mg/day 2 mg/kg/day Life long basis
15. TRANSDERMAL DOSE
Administered transdermally
As a gel 5% topical acne medication
available in 3-, 30-, and 60-gram tubes.
In normal use, 0.5 grams should be administered
to the face per application twice a day.
16. Molecular Formula (C6H4NH2) 2SO2
Molecular weight 248.30 g/mol
Synonyms 4,4-Sulfonyldianiline; 4,4'-Sulfonylbisbenzenamine;
4-Aminophenyl sulfone; Sulfonyldianiline.
Physical state white crystalline powder.
Melting point 175 - 180 deg C
Odor NA
Specific gravity NA
Solubility insoluble in water , soluble in alcohol.
Vapors density 8.3 mg/ml
Stability Stable under ordinary conditions.
17. Before using this medication, consult with your doctor or
pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal
products you may use, especially of: folic acid antagonists
(such as pyrimethamine), nitrofurantoin, primaquine.
This medication may decrease the effectiveness of combination-
type birth control pills.
This can result in pregnancy.
18. A reversed-phase high performance liquid
chromatography method is developed to
simultaneously estimate serum
concentrations of dapsone (DDS)
Mobile phase-mixture of n-heptane ,
ethyl acetate ,methanol,strong ammonia
solution
Stationary phase-silica gel
Spectrophotometric determination of
dapsone is also described
PH-6.98
λmax=525nm
19. Thin layer chromatography
Mobile phase-mixture of n-heptane ,
ethyl acetate ,methanol,strong ammonia
solution.
Stationary phase-silica gel
20. The need for a more reliable route of administration led to
investigation the possibility of an I.M. dapsone depot
injection.
To achieve effective blood levels for 3-4 weeks, suspensions
of large dapsone particles in an aqueous vehicle were made.
Studies in the rat revealed that dapsone-dependent
methaemoglobinaemia could be greatly diminished by the co-
administration of metabolic inhibitors(eg-cimetidine).
21. The need for a more reliable route of administration led to
investigation the possibility of an I.M. dapsone depot
injection.
To achieve effective blood levels for 3-4 weeks, suspensions
of large dapsone particles in an aqueous vehicle were made.
Studies in the rat revealed that dapsone-dependent
methaemoglobinaemia could be greatly diminished by the co-
administration of metabolic inhibitors(eg-cimetidine).
24. Williams D.et al ,Foye's principles of medicinal chemistry, fifth edition,
Lippincott's Williams & Wilkins
John H.et al ,Wilson & Gisvolds textbook of organic medical &
pharmaceutical chemistry , eleventh edition ,Lippincott's Williams & Wilkins
Indian Pharmacopoeia, 2010,Volume I, 1162-1163
United states Pharmacopoeia,2009,Volume II, 2059-2060
Moncrief J. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and
Applications
Volume 654, Issue 1, 18 March 1994, 103:110.
http://www.rxlist.com
http:// www.medicinenet.com
http://www.leprosy-information.org
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com