Fundación Natura Bolivia. Presentación Institucional
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Fundación Natura Bolivia. Presentación Institucional
- 1. “ Creando empleos y mejorando ingresos a través protección de las funciones ambientales en Bolivia” María Teresa Vargas Noviembre 2010
- 2. ayudando COMUNIDADES a proteger su AGUA conservación de sus BOSQUES a través de la
- 8. Hidrogramas de crecida de la cuenca Pirai
- 9. Caudales específicos para la cuenca Pirai
- 12. Se protege el bosque… Se protege el agua… Se protege los fuentes de ingresos…
- 13. Bajo costo de oportunidad para la conservación de la cuenca alta Alto costo de oportunidad por la disminución del agua en la en cuenca baja
- 14. Fondo de Agua Servicios Ambientales hídricos $$$ $ $ Cooperativa de agua Gobierno Municipal $ Propietarios cuenca arriba ONG Aso. Riego $
- 15. Resultados de Los Negros 2010 46 campesinos participaron, 50 campesinos entrenados, 310 colmenas de abejas entregadas, +3000 kilos miel vendida 3600 hectáreas de bosque protegido mediante compensaciones anuales Desarrollo de un mecanismo de confianza y participativo que ha reforzado la conservación Aumento de conciencia de los actores de la cuenca baja e interés en invertir en cuenca arriba Asquith et al. Ecological Economics 2008
- 16. Lecciones de los Negros El uso de incentivos dirigido a pequeños propietarios, es una herramienta exitosa para el manejo de cuenca y reducir la pobreza Usuarios del agua están dispuestos a contribuir econo. a la protección de sus fuentes de agua, siempre que existan las instituciones apropiadas a nivel local Estos esquemas de arreglos recíprocos para agua, deben ser diseñados participativamente Usando el principio precautoria, este tipo de iniciativas simultáneamente , incrementan los ingresos y protegen el medio ambiente
- 17. Replicar y ampliar la escala de los fondos de agua Apoyo al SERNAP a establecer esquemas pilotos en otras áreas protegidas del país, Iñao, Parque Nacional Tunari entre otros Expandiendo el modelo a 14 municipios, siete alrededor del Parque Nacional Amboró y siete en el ANMI Río Grande – Valles Cruceños Creación de FONACUZ
- 18. Ing. Ph.D David Cruz Choque Ing. Ph.D Aquiles Arce Laura Consultor Proponente – Responsable Consultor Proponente Ing. Ph.D Nigel Asquith Lic. M.Sc. Maria Teresa Vargas Consultor Proponente Consultor Proponente Acuerdos de Reciprocidad (AR) para la Conservación y Aprovechamiento Sustentable de Funciones Ambientales en Áreas Protegidas de Bolivia - Análisis de Potencialidades Documento de Trabajo
- 22. Gobiernos Municipales de Buena Vista, El Torno y Porongo
- 24. Franja entre Parque Nacional Amboró y Río Pirai Zona 1 17 lts/s/km 2 Zona 2 9 lts/s/km 2 Zona 3 3 lts/s/km 2 Santa Cruz 3. 3 liters s / km 2 2. 9 liters s / km 2 1. 17 liters s / km 2
- 27. Fondo de Agua Buena Vista Fondo de Agua El Torno Fondo de Agua Porongo $250,000 Agua $$$ CFHF
- 28. Agua para ~2 millones de personas
- 29. 10% de especies de aves del planeta
Notas del editor
- Despite numerous attempts at integrated watershed management in Bolivia, there have been few successes. Watershed projects have invariably focused on managing supply through construction of dams and infrastructure. Although Bolivia has ample water per-capita availability, with current demand at only ~1% of total supply, localized water scarcity continues to breed conflicts. Irrigated agriculture accounts for 80% of demand, yet irrigators pay low or zero water tariffs, so water wastage and distribution inefficiencies are widespread. Water scarcity is thus becoming a major agricultural production constraint throughout upland Bolivia. Farmers in the town of Los Negros claim that dry-season water flows have halved in the last 25 years. Although downstream landowners blame upland deforestation, the growing scarcity is probably a result of factors reducing water supply (such as land-use changes), higher water off-take from irrigators upstream (due to increased population and more intense cropping), and losses during water distribution. But every winter the river floods and every summer it is dry, so local people like Serafin and Mrs. Rojas Pena decided to get together to try and make a deal.
- Fundacion Natura
- The Water Fund works like this: The development NGO, the Municipal Government and the Water Cooperative each invest in--and play a decision-making role in--the Water Fund. The three-institution board decides annually how money will be spent: in annual payments, in-kind support, land purchases, or whatever else. These compensation payments are paid to upstream landowners, who in turn sign contracts to guarantee land use, and (supposedly) provision of the water service.
- Lets sum up. As we saw in the DVD clip, 46 farmers are currently being paid to protect 2774 ha of the upper watershed. Annual contracts prohibit tree cutting, hunting and forest clearing on enrolled lands. Farmers submit to independent yearly monitoring, and are sanctioned for non-compliance. Municipal government, the downstream water cooperative and irrigators pay to protect upstream cloud forests in order to potentially benefit from stabilized dry-season water flows. All upper watershed landowners have been invited to voluntarily enter the PES program. Service sellers choose to participate in the contingent conservation scheme at the established PES rates. They also decide what plot to enroll, and the time period of their contract. Payments are made once annually, and honored contracts can be re-enrolled into the program in subsequent years. Total revenues are currently approximately US$9000 per year, of which about two thirds comes from local sources. Los Negros teaches two important lessons: Watershed management using economic incentives, or direct payments to upstream landowners, can help reduce poverty at low cost, because downstream water users are often willing to contribute financially if appropriate institutional frameworks are in place Such p ayments for watershed services programs can be designed participatively using the precautionary principle, and can simultaneously increase incomes and protect the environment upstream, while helping to maintain water supplies and stabilize incomes downstream.
- Here is a waterbill from the downstream community. Circled is the term “environmental services”. In August 2007 members of the downstream water cooperative voted upon themselves a 9% increase their water bills. This money goes to an earmarked fund for compensation payments and purchases of critical land parcels.
- The Water Fund works like this: The development NGO, the Municipal Government and the Water Cooperative each invest in--and play a decision-making role in--the Water Fund. The three-institution board decides annually how money will be spent: in annual payments, in-kind support, land purchases, or whatever else. These compensation payments are paid to upstream landowners, who in turn sign contracts to guarantee land use, and (supposedly) provision of the water service.
- Fundacion Natura