El documento describe los conceptos de lógica, gramática y retórica. Explica que la lógica se refiere al significado proposicional de un evento y cómo responder preguntas sobre qué, por qué y cómo. Usa el ejemplo "Alfred golpeó a Bill con un martillo" para ilustrar estas preguntas. También describe los sistemas de transitividad, modo y tema que gobiernan el significado ideacional, interpersonal y textual respectivamente.

1. LOGIC, GRAMMAR AND RHETORIC

2. Permitámonos aislarnos del lenguaje e imaginémonos un evento, un suceso. Podríamos representar este suceso con una simple caricatura, y recordarnos que ningún discurso en una comunidad carece de recursos para reportar lo que esta sucediendo.

3. Pues de esto mismo se trata la lógica! ….la lógica es el sentido proposicional de un suceso, es lo que quiere decir algo, es la imagen que se forma en nuestra mentecita cuando pensamos en algo, es simplemente LA IDEA , LO QUE PROPONE, LO QUE SIGNIFICA un suceso o acontecimiento cualquiera.

4. VAMOS A TOMAR UN EJEMPLO ….. ALFRED HIT BILL WITH A HAMMER EN ESTA PROPOSICION DEBEMOS RESPONDER A CIERTOS INTERROGANTES

9. MACROFUNCTIONS Operate through NETWORKS of SYSTEMS Of language Consisting of Sub-functions ideational Logical and experiential TRANSITIVITY PROCESS ROLE CIRCUMSTANCE Governing the domain of discourse cognitive interpersonal Speech functional MOOD indicative imperative Governing the tenor of discourse textual discoursal THEME thematization information Governing the mode of discourse Organize a range of meaning

10. THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATION Material Behavioural Mental Relational verbal PROCESS Action Event [Actor.Goal] [Behaver] [Actor.Goal] Perception Affection Cognition [Senser. Phenomenon] [Senser. Phenomenon] [Senser. Phenomenon] [Senser. Verbiage. Target] Intensive Circumstantial Possessive [Identified. Identifier] [Carrier. Attribute] [Identified. Identifier] [Carrier. Attribute] [Identified. Identifier] [Carrier. Attribute] Existential [Existent]

11. CIRCUMSTANCES EXTENT LOCATION MANNER CAUSE ACCOMPANIMENT MATTER ROLE SPATIAL TEMPORAL SPATIAL TEMPORAL MEANS QUALITY COMPARISON REASON BEHALF PURPOSE COMITATIVE ADDITIVE (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) C I R C U M S T A N C E S

15. INDICATIVE IMPERATIVE DECLARATIVE INTERROGATIVE OPEN CLOSED SQU NON-SQU INCLUSIVE EXCLUSIVE M O O D (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

16. MODALITY MODULATION PROBABILITY FRECUENCY NEUTRAL POSSIBLE PROBABLE CERTAIN NEVER SOMETIMES USUALLY ALWAYS OBLIGATION INCLINATION (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

17. The essential point is made that the role of the MOOD system is to provide the means for converting the abstract in the form of propositions. It is essential for the translator to be able to recognize the strength with which the writer of the SLT holds an opinion and to be able to render that in an appropriate manner in the TLT.

18. MARKERS OF COHESIVE RELATIONSHIPS Reference Substitution Ellipsis Junction Lexical Cohesion Endophoric (within text) Exophoric (outside text) Anaphoric (backward reference) (1) Cataphoric (forward reference) (2) Proforms Nominal Verbal Clausal (3) (4) (5) (6) (Omission) (7) Additive (8) Adversative (9) Causal (10) Temporal (11) Reiteration (12) Collocation (13)

19. THEME systems: thematization THEMATIZATION NO YES NO YES NO YES NO YES NO NO (1) (2) NO YES NO YES (3) (4) NO YES (5) (6) NO YES NO YES NO NO (7) (8) NO YES NO YES (9) (10) (11) (12) MARKED THEME PREDICATED THEME? PROPOSED THEME? CLEFT