Deadly H5N1 birdflu needs just five mutations to spread easily in peopleHarm Kiezebrink
Reference: Phys.org. 15 Apr 2014. Dutch researchers have found that the virus needs only five favorable gene mutations to become transmissible through coughing or sneezing, like regular flu viruses.
World health officials have long feared that the H5N1 virus will someday evolve a knack for airborne transmission, setting off a devastating pandemic. While the new study suggests the mutations needed are relatively few, it remains unclear whether they're likely to happen outside the laboratory.
Dossier transmission: Transmission of Avian Influenza Virus to DogsHarm Kiezebrink
Avian influenza was found in a dog on a farm in South Gyeongsang Province amid growing concerns that the disease could spread to other animals, officials the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs said. The dog ― one of three at a duck farm in Goseong-gun, South Gyeongsang Province ― had antigens for the highly pathogenic H5N8 strain of bird flu, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs said. The disease affected the farm on Jan. 23.
Since the first case of a dog being infected with the poultry virus in March 2014, there have been 55 dogs found with antibodies to the bird flu virus. The antibody means the immune system of the dogs eliminated the virus. This is the first time bird flu has been found in a dog in Korea through the detection of antigens.
“None of these dogs had shown symptoms. No antigens or antibodies for the virus were found in the two other dogs, which means that dog-to-dog transmission is unlikely to have happened,” quarantine officials said.
The ministry suspected that the dog may have eaten infected animals at the farm. All poultry and dogs at the concerned farm were slaughtered as part of the preventive measures right after the farm was reported to have been infected with the disease, officials said.
Meanwhile, quarantine officials rejected the possibility of viral transmission to humans. According to the ministry’s report, about 450 workers at infected farms across the country had been given an antigen test, with none showing signs of infection. None of Korea’s 20,000 farm workers have reported any symptoms so far, officials added.
“It is thought that infected dogs do not show symptoms of the disease as they are naturally resistant to bird flu,” the ministry said. Meanwhile, the Agriculture Ministry has toughened the quarantine measures in Goseong-gun. The region is a frequented by migratory birds, which are suspected to have spread the viral disease.
In this paper various bird welfare aspects related to avian influenza and other contagious diseases are discussed.
Disease outbreaks will, apart from the obvious direct effects on bird health, and thereby their wellbeing, also indirectly influence the welfare of the birds. For example, restrictions on outdoor access for free-range poultry may be imposed, and vaccination or testing schemes may lead to handling or sampling procedures that are stressful to the birds.
At the same time, the immediate risk of a disease outbreak may lead to improved biosecurity measures on farms, which may in turn decrease the risk of other diseases entering the premises, thus resulting in improved bird health and welfare.
Why is animal cruelty in feb 2014 still front page of the Korean news?Harm Kiezebrink
Unbelievable but true: South Korea still thinks that thare is no other solution than dispose infected poultry by dumping them in deep holes and burry the chickens alive without stunning or culling them first.
On-Farm Killing Of Poultry Using Gas – UK Experiences from January 2007. David Pritchard Gordon Hickman, describing mass depopulation methods, comaring these methods with the Anoxia method of using Nitrogen base gas foam. Interesting read, including nice graphics!
Anna Lucia Alfaro Dardón, Harvard MPA/ID.
Opportunities, constraints and challenges for the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector in Central America, with an analytical study of the SME sector in Nicaragua. - focused on the current supply and demand gap for credit and financial services.
Anna Lucía Alfaro Dardón
Dr. Ivan Alfaro
Deadly H5N1 birdflu needs just five mutations to spread easily in peopleHarm Kiezebrink
Reference: Phys.org. 15 Apr 2014. Dutch researchers have found that the virus needs only five favorable gene mutations to become transmissible through coughing or sneezing, like regular flu viruses.
World health officials have long feared that the H5N1 virus will someday evolve a knack for airborne transmission, setting off a devastating pandemic. While the new study suggests the mutations needed are relatively few, it remains unclear whether they're likely to happen outside the laboratory.
Dossier transmission: Transmission of Avian Influenza Virus to DogsHarm Kiezebrink
Avian influenza was found in a dog on a farm in South Gyeongsang Province amid growing concerns that the disease could spread to other animals, officials the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs said. The dog ― one of three at a duck farm in Goseong-gun, South Gyeongsang Province ― had antigens for the highly pathogenic H5N8 strain of bird flu, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs said. The disease affected the farm on Jan. 23.
Since the first case of a dog being infected with the poultry virus in March 2014, there have been 55 dogs found with antibodies to the bird flu virus. The antibody means the immune system of the dogs eliminated the virus. This is the first time bird flu has been found in a dog in Korea through the detection of antigens.
“None of these dogs had shown symptoms. No antigens or antibodies for the virus were found in the two other dogs, which means that dog-to-dog transmission is unlikely to have happened,” quarantine officials said.
The ministry suspected that the dog may have eaten infected animals at the farm. All poultry and dogs at the concerned farm were slaughtered as part of the preventive measures right after the farm was reported to have been infected with the disease, officials said.
Meanwhile, quarantine officials rejected the possibility of viral transmission to humans. According to the ministry’s report, about 450 workers at infected farms across the country had been given an antigen test, with none showing signs of infection. None of Korea’s 20,000 farm workers have reported any symptoms so far, officials added.
“It is thought that infected dogs do not show symptoms of the disease as they are naturally resistant to bird flu,” the ministry said. Meanwhile, the Agriculture Ministry has toughened the quarantine measures in Goseong-gun. The region is a frequented by migratory birds, which are suspected to have spread the viral disease.
In this paper various bird welfare aspects related to avian influenza and other contagious diseases are discussed.
Disease outbreaks will, apart from the obvious direct effects on bird health, and thereby their wellbeing, also indirectly influence the welfare of the birds. For example, restrictions on outdoor access for free-range poultry may be imposed, and vaccination or testing schemes may lead to handling or sampling procedures that are stressful to the birds.
At the same time, the immediate risk of a disease outbreak may lead to improved biosecurity measures on farms, which may in turn decrease the risk of other diseases entering the premises, thus resulting in improved bird health and welfare.
Why is animal cruelty in feb 2014 still front page of the Korean news?Harm Kiezebrink
Unbelievable but true: South Korea still thinks that thare is no other solution than dispose infected poultry by dumping them in deep holes and burry the chickens alive without stunning or culling them first.
On-Farm Killing Of Poultry Using Gas – UK Experiences from January 2007. David Pritchard Gordon Hickman, describing mass depopulation methods, comaring these methods with the Anoxia method of using Nitrogen base gas foam. Interesting read, including nice graphics!
Anna Lucia Alfaro Dardón, Harvard MPA/ID.
Opportunities, constraints and challenges for the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector in Central America, with an analytical study of the SME sector in Nicaragua. - focused on the current supply and demand gap for credit and financial services.
Anna Lucía Alfaro Dardón
Dr. Ivan Alfaro
El análisis PESTEL es una herramienta estratégica que examina seis factores clave del entorno externo que podrían afectar a una empresa: políticos, económicos, sociales, tecnológicos, ambientales y legales.
Exposicion Examen Final Arquitectura Empresarial CANVIA.pdf
Shop Floor
1. Calidad
Interfaz con
todas las
funciones
Proveedor
Cliente
Embarque
Almacén Plant Floor
Manufactura
y Ensamble
· Reporte y Planeación del Trabajo.
· Movimiento del Material.
· Proceso de Manufactura.
· Control en Piso de Producción.
· Control de Calidad.
· Piso de producción debe cumplir con la programación hecha en manufactura y ensamble, así recurre
a almacén para obtener los insumos necesarios para trabajar.
· Se revisa la calidad del trabajo, con el fin de cumplir con la orden del cliente con las especificaciones
revisadas por Manufactura y Ensamble.
· Las órdenes que se terminen serán enviadas a embarque para empaquetar el pedido para después
ser enviado al cliente.