2. Clothes in the middle ages
In the middle ages people wear different
clothes according to the social class
that they were. Kings, nobles, cleric ect
used to wear similar clothes, very
elegant, bright colors and expensive
fabrics. While the poor people used to
wear very old and worn clothes.
3. Life in the middle ages
Daily life during the middle Ages is sometimes difficult to understand. But life for
your average person during the middle Ages was very routine, and the activities
revolved around an agrarian calendar. Most of the time was dedicate working
the land, and trying to produce enough food to survive another year.
The social activities were important, and every citizen in a medieval town would
be expected to attend. Medieval weddings were cause for the all town to
celebrate.
Medieval superstitions held sway over science, but traveling merchants and
returning crusaders told of cultures in Asia, the Middle East and Africa that had
advanced learning of the earth and the human body. Schools and universities
were forming across Western Europe that would help medieval society evolve
from the Dark Ages on its way to a Renaissance of art and learning.
4. Houses and Castles.
-The home of the average worker consisted of wooden supports with spaces consisting of
a mixture of material called wattle and daub. The wood was mostly oak. The roof was
made of a similar type of woven wood/daub combination or shingles made of wood or
slate.
-Stone, mortar, wood-these were the simple components used to construct some of the
most heavily fortified structures ever created.
Early castles have building to provide much of the protection. Early castles were made of
wood and built on hills. Around the a high, wooden palisade, and bailey castles were used
widely until the Norman invasion of 1066. These fortifications proved too easy to burn,
and stone was then used more frequently.
Castles were rarely the most comfortable place to live, with only the lord and his family
5. Vêtements médiévaux
Au Moyen Age, les personnes portent des les
vêtements différents selon la classe
sociale qu'ils sont. Les rois, les nobles, le
clergé ... Ils portaient mêmes vêtements,
élégantes, des couleurs drôles et des matériel
coûteux. Alors que les pauvres portaient des
vêtements très vieux et usé.
6. La vie dans les moyens ans.
On distingue deux sortes de paysans au Moyen
Âge : les serfs et les paysans libres. Les serfs
appartiennent au seigneur qui a donc tous les
droits sur eux. Le seigneur vend une partie de ses
terres, les serfs qui vivent sont vendus avec. Les
vilains, par contre, ne sont pas rattachés à la terre
mais doivent travailler et payer des impôts au
seigneur.
7. Châteaux de la Loire
L'expression châteaux de la Loire regroupe sous
une même appellation un ensemble de châteaux
français situés dans le val de Loire. Ils ont la
particularité d'avoir été, pour la plupart, bâtis ou
fortement remaniés à la Renaissance française, à
une époque où la cour des rois de France était
installée dans cette région.
8. Elogio a la mujer chiquita
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El texto es una poesía sobre la mujer pequeña, el autor la infravalora y la trata
como a un objeto del que los hombres son los dueños. La pueden tratar como
les plazca. Su principal función es hacer las tareas del hogar y servirle a su
marido dejando además que se aproveche de ella. Además se dice que la mujer
no puede estudiar, y que si no es inteligente mejor. El texto se puede dividir en
tres partes que son: 1º: desde ¨ quiero abreviar¨ hasta ¨que el fuego¨ 2º: desde ¨
heladas por fuera¨ hasta¨ con amor¨ 3º: desde ¨ mujer pequeñas¨ hasta ¨es
mejor En nuestra opinión la situación ha cambiado bastante, ahora todas las
mujeres pueden estudiar, tener un trabajo, y tener más libertad entre otras
muchas cosas y lo más importante, ahora se respeta a la mujer (aunque no en
todos los lugares), pero sigue habiendo muchas diferencias, espero que eso
cambie con el paso del tiempo porque merecemos todas un trato justo.
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9. Las características físicas y
morales del héroe.
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El texto habla de un héroe llamada Sigurdr que es conocido por su fuerza, bondad,
valentía y ; además por haber matado al dragón que temían las personas del
pueblo. Sigurdr iba vestido de una manera muy particular, su escudo era muy
elaborado, estaba recubierto de oro rojo y llevaba gravada la figura de un dragón.
Esta figura estaba también estaba gravada en el yelmo, en su silla y el la cota de
malla. Su coraza era de oro y todas sus armas también por eso al ver a Sigurdr
uno podía ver su gran gesta, tenía muchas habilidades relacionadas con los
menesteres caballerescos como usar la espada con maestría, arrojar lanzas,
afilar flechas, etc. Sigurdr le dio un nombre a su espada ¨Gramr¨. Tenía los
hombros tan anchos que parecía que estabas viendo a dos hombres era tan alto
que cuando llevaba a Gramr media 7 palmos, si estaba en medio de un campo de
centeno. No solo tenía fuerza física si no también cualidades intelectuales como:
era un hombre sabio, que conocía el provenir o entendía el trinar de los pájaros,
también era un elocuente orador que cuando empezaba un discurso siempre lo
terminaba´, era un hombre muy admirado por todas las hazañas que realizó, le
Le encantaba ayudar a los demás, privar de riquezas a sus enemigos y dárselo a sus
amigos o a la gente que realmente lo necesitara.
10. El poema de Mio Cid.
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El Cid a su paso por Burgos lo acompañaban sesenta personas que eran sus hombres
más fieles. Los habitantes que se asomaban a su paso por la ventana lo miraban
aunque con dolor, pero aun así nadie le daría cobijo, por la carta que llegó del rey
Alfonso que decía: ¨ que nadie le diese posada al Cid y que aquel que lo hiciese,
perdería lo suyo y aún los ojos de su cara y además amenazaba con muerte¨. Ningún
burgalés estaba de acuerdo con la carta del rey, pero cumplen las órdenes por miedo
a enfrentarse a él. El Cid y su gente recorrieron casi todos los lugares en busca de
aposentos pero nadie les abría. La única persona que se atrevió a hablar con el Cid
fue una niña de 9 años que le comentó lo de la carta del Rey. El texto se divide en 3
partes y tiene una rima asonante. En mi opinión el Cid fue desterrado injustamente
por el rey. Aunque el rey estuviera así no debería haber enviado la carta amenazando
al pueblo, ya que eso es abuso de poder. La única persona que se atrevió a hablar
con él para contarle todo lo que decía la carta era una niña de 9 años a la que el rey
no se atrevería a matar haría nada ya que siendo tan pequeña, e inocente y no sabía
lo que estaba haciendo castigarla o matarla podría poner a todas las personas del
pueblo en su contra.
12. Crusades
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Crusades were a series of military campaigns in the European Middle Ages against Middle Eastern Muslims who had
conquered Jerusalem "the Holy Land". In 1076, the Muslims had captured Jerusalem - the most saint of the sacred places
for Christians. Jesus was born in nearby Belen and had spent the better part of his life in Jerusalem where he was
crucified. There was no more important place on Earth than Jerusalem for a true Christian which is why Christians called
Jerusalem the "City of God".
However, Jerusalem was also very important for Muslims because that is the Mosque of the Rock.
Also called the Dome of the Rock is one of the holiest places of Islam, being considered the place from which Mohammed
ascended to heaven.
So Christians battled to recapture Jerusalem while Muslims fought to keep. These wars were to last nearly 200 years since
1095 to 1291.The Crusades: Recovering of the Holy Land "Jerusalem".
The Crusades were a series of wars fought between the eleventh to the thirteenth centuries between the armies assembled by
the Christian kingdoms of Europe and most of the Muslim armies of Asia Minor and the eastern Mediterranean. These
cross recon quest of Jerusalem were blessed and often invoked by the Roman papacy and motivated
by a feeling that it was eminently religious leave the land of his birth, Jesus preached and died.
The Crusades had originally the goal of recovering Jerusalem "the Holy Land" from the hands of the Muslims and were
launched in response to a call for help from the Christian Byzantine Empire against the expansion of the Muslim
Selyúcidas Turks into Anatolia. The Crusades had political implications, economic, social, powerful, some of which have
lasted to contemporary times. Because of internal conflicts among Christian kingdoms and political powers, some of the
crusade expeditions were diverted from their original aim, such as the Fourth Crusade, which resulted in the sack of
Christian Constantinople and the partition of the Byzantine Empire between Venice and Crusaders. The Sixth Crusade was
the first crusade to set sail without the official blessing of the Pope. The seventh, eighth and ninth Crusade resulted in
losses of the Christian kingdoms against the Mamluks and Berbers; the Ninth Crusade marked the end of the Crusades in
the Middle.
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The Black death
During the Middle Ages, the diseases they spread very fast because there were not
advances in medical we have in today's society. Human beings could only rely on
their immune system to defend the attack of viruses and bacteria. The Black Death
began in 1348 and ending in 1400 The Black Death had three forms: bubonic
plague, pneumonic plague, and septicemic plague. Bubonic plague was
characterized by swelling of the lymph nodes along the neck, armpits, and groin.
These symptoms were accompanied by fever, chills, joint pain, headaches, etc..
The pneumonic plague was the most common form of the disease was transmitted
from person to person, an infection transmitted in the air. Symptoms included
blood stained sputum. septicemic plague this form of the disease have a mortality
rate of almost one hundred percent. The septicemic plague was characterized by
deep purple discoloration of the skin and extremely high fevers. The Black Death
caused many deaths in Europe some 25 million people died from this disease.
Some villages were completely depopulated with the few survivors fleeing and
spreading the disease further.
The great population loss brought economic changes based on increased social
mobility as depopulation eroded the peasants' obligations to remain on their
traditional lands. The sudden scarcity of cheap labor provided a strong incentive
for innovation that helped bring about the end of the middle Ages.
14. Food in the Meddle Ages
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In the middle Ages the bread and wine were the staple foods of
this time. Meat, vegetables, fish, legumes, vegetables and
fruits were also part of this diet depending on the economic
possibilities of the consumer.
Vegetables: dried fruits like figs, fruit depending on the season
and legumes such as rice
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Fish: a food was typical of commoners rarely ate nobles
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Meat: the most consumed were poultry, pork and lamb.
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In the middle Ages, the cuisine is characterized by a constant
search of flavors, colors and combinations their recipes were
soups, broths, fruit, roasted.
15. Magic potions, alchemy, love
potions
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The faith and institutional religion, magic and science, the
creation of universities and the development of new
knowledge are some of the most important issues of the
middle Ages. At that time, aspects of life were closely linked to
religion. At the same time, while the Church was consolidated
as the institutional and civil institution of the
time, even in rural areas were carried out and pagan rituals
practiced magic, which was considered a valid source of
intellectual knowledge. From the twelfth century universities
are created, such as Bologna and Padua, who become a new
way to develop and extend knowledge. However, the last
period of the middle Ages will bring repressive practices such
as the Inquisition and the witch hunts.
16. Witches and witchcraft
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In the Middle Ages witchcraft was feared throughout Europe. People
thought that magic was an illusion created by the devil and was
associated with worship of the devil. Some say that there are two
different kinds of magic: Black Magic and White Magic. Black magic
was associated more with the devil and had satanic symbols.
People thought that witches caused harm to society by causing
accidents, bad luck, illnesses, or death. Witches got a lot of blame if
someone fell ill of unknown causes. White magic had Christian
symbolism that had more to do with nature and herbs. White magic
was believed to be used for such spells as love, health, good luck,
and wealth. Astrology and alchemy, which is about making potions
such as turning metal into gold and searching for a cure for deadly
illnesses, are considered to be a part of magic.
