Presentation given by Alfredo Calderón within called technical seminars: The future of telecommunications networks emergency.

1. Evolution towards TETRA+LTE
El Futuro De Las Redes De Emergencias
@ Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Junio 2014
Critical Communications

2. Why broadband for PMR users?
• Real-time transmission
• Low latency
• Medium to high quality
General-purpose VIDEO
TRANSMISSION
• Vehicle registration plate reader
• Fingerprint reader
• Facial recognition
PUBLIC SAFETY
operational applications
• Maps & building plans access
• Multi-vital sign data, real-time patient status exchange
• Environmental sensors
FIRST RESPONDERS
exchanging critical
information
Existing PMR technologies cannot deliver enough data throughput to meet the
upcoming demands from professional radio users
2
 With no doubt, REAL-TIME VIDEO TRANSMISSION is the main reason
for broadband in PMR.
© Teltronic, 2014

3. What makes PMR world different?
Very fast call set-up
System availability: Anytime, anywhere
Congestion control: Services, access priorities, pre-emption
Group (voice) communications
Mobility (true seamless handover)
Encrypted communications
Customized devices (robustness, reliability)
Direct Mode Operation (non-infrastructure modes)
Interconnection with other systems / technologies
CRITICALCOMMUNICATIONS
Large cell coverage. Same level of service everywhere within the cell
3© Teltronic, 2014

4. • Full coverage, fewer users / km2.
• Main focus is service.
• Adequate investment to needs.
• Full time availability is a MUST.
• Full service strategy.
• Large coverage, many users / km2.
• Main focus is business.
• Maximize ROI (Return On Investment).
• Full time availability is DESIRABLE.
• Best effort strategy.
COMMERCIAL
NETWORKS
CRITICAL COMMS
SYSTEMS
Built from a different perspective
4© Teltronic, 2014
Both networks may share the technology, but do not share
objectives and strategies

5. 4G
IMT-Advanced
3G
IMT-2000
2G1G
Wireless technology evolution
TACS GSM
GPRS
/EDGE
UMTS
(3GPP R99)
HSPA
(3GPP R6 & R7)
LTE
(3GPP
R8 & R9)
LTE-Advanced
(3GPP R10)
AMPS
CDMA-
One
CDMA-
2000
1xEVDO
Mobile
WiMAX
IEEE 802.16e
WirelessMAN
Advanced
IEEE 802.16m
MPT-
1327
TETRA TEDS
5
WiMAX
IEEE
802.16d
Four generations of radio communication standards:
© Teltronic, 2014

6. PMR vs 4G: protocol stacks
VOICE
MAC
UHF Radio
SERVICES (TETRA)
DATA
 Built for voice & messages from
scratch.
 Services are part of the protocol
stack.
 Priority and pre-emption are native
attributes for all communications.
 Focused in best coverage: UHF
frequency bands.
PMR (TETRA)
MAC
Gigahertz Radio
UHF Radio
IP DATA
 Built for generic data communications.
 Newest standards cover QoS.
 Standard mechanisms over IP, protocol
overhead.
 Network tuned to maximize capacity.
 No management for congestion
control.
 Services and applications are not part
of the standard.
4G (LTE / WiMAX)
USER SERV & APP
VOICE
SERVICES (PMR)
IP DATA
UHF Radio
MAC (4G family)
 Native protocol for voice and
messages.
 Standardized services layer.
 PMR-like QoS definition.
 Management for congestion
control.
 UHF frequency bands.
Ideal BroadbandPMR
NOT YET
AVAILABLE>>> Interoperability at service level?
6© Teltronic, 2014

7. LTE as de facto future PMR standard
7
• State-of-the-art radio interface.
• First 3GPP worldwide standard for every region.
• Widely adopted by telecom operators.
Technological reasons
• The industry avoids to define a new Broadband PMR standard from
scratch.
• Users are confident in commercial mass market to lower the price of
terminals.
Monetary reasons
• January 2011: US Government decision to adopt LTE technology to
meet future Public Safety operational needs.
Strong early adopters
© Teltronic, 2014

8. Regulatory aspects: Spectrum
 Spain
• 5+5 MHz allocated for Public Safety (PSS) purposes in 450 MHz band.
• Availability of spectrum from February 2013, limited to big cities, where this spectrum is currently
assigned to narrowband PMR users (30% occupancy).
• This frequency band will be fully intended for PSS services from 2018.
 Europe
• In general, waiting for the World Radio Conference (WRC) in Nov 2015 and the results of the second
Digital Dividend.
• Meanwhile in some countries, like France, frequencies in 400 MHz band are assigned to PSS.
 North America
• In USA, Band 14 (10+10 MHz spectrum) is assigned for the National Broadband network for First
Responders (FirstNet).
• Spectrum allocated from 2008. Now in process of deploying / demonstrating first small systems.
 Asia & UAE
• Trend focuses to 700 MHz band.
 Australia
• Harmonizing efforts to use 800 MHz spectrum.
 Brazil
• Progress towards 700 MHz band.
 Latin America
• No decision about harmonized spectrum. It is likely to follow the USA model.
8© Teltronic, 2014

9. Why TETRA and LTE?
A proposal from the PMR industry
addressing needs and expectations
from the users.

10. TETRA+LTE: a winning combination
Integrated network management
 Services coordination.
 Unified network management.
 End-to-end applications (technology transparent) at
user interface level.
 Gateways to other radio access and fixed systems.
TETRA Radio Access
 Managing the pure PMR critical
services: Voice and short
messages.
 Acting as “control channel” for
the integrated network.
 Can still offer data services by
using multislot operation.
 Full availability in case of
3G/4G network failure or
congestion.
 Full coverage.
 Non-infrastructure operation
modes.
LTE Radio Access
 Acting as an overlay network for the
non-critical data-demanding services
(mainly video) with additional advanced
management features based on TETRA.
 In privately owned LTE networks, data
services can become critical by adding a
PMR-grade layer to the LTE technology.
+
10© Teltronic, 2014

11. eNEBULA TETRA + LTE: overall architecture
TETRARadioAccess
Infrastructure
LTERadioAccess
Infrastructure
Network
Management
System
Inter-system
Gateways
Communications Manager
Infrastructure Equipment
CAD –
Infrastructure
Interface
LTE Radio
Interface
TETRA Radio
Interface
User Device
Communications Manager
VoiceHMI
VideoHMI
WEBClient
E-mailClient
GPSNavigation
OtherApplications
User Device (n)
. . . Computer-Aided Dispatch /
Command & Control
Equipment
ControlCenter
Dispatcher
VideoSupervisor
WEBClient
E-mailClient
GIS
Other
Applications
Communications Manager
Application
Servers
Inter-system
Gateways
CAD–
Infrastructure
Interface
11© Teltronic, 2014

12. TETRA + LTE: a migration path (i)
TETRA Network
Management System
Coordination
Centre
NEBULA TETRA
Central Node
& App Servers
TETRA network
Ad-hoc Quick Deployment
12© Teltronic, 2014

13. TETRA + LTE: a migration path (ii)
TETRA+LTE Network
Management System
Coordination
Centre
eNEBULA
TETRA+LTE
Central Node
& App Servers
TETRA+LTE network
Ad-hoc Quick Deployment
13© Teltronic, 2014

14. Upgrading from NEBULA to eNEBULA
14
• To install LTE base stations. Number of sites required will depend on minimum uplink
throughput expected at the cell coverage edge:
•Number of sites could be increased 2x -6x in order to allow several Mbps on the UL.
Radio Access
• To increase computing capacity to serve LTE functionality requirements:
•To keep same ATCA hardware architecture for TETRA and LTE central node entities.
•To increment number of ATCA cards for running TETRA and LTE protocol stack upper entities.
•For existing small networks, some additional ATCA hardware may be required.
Central Node
• To deploy LTE and TETRA+LTE user equipment (personal and vehicular devices).
• To upgrade app software to support new features: NMS, coordination centre, vehicle
consoles and user equipment.
• To upgrade backhaul / radio links where needed:
•20-30 Mbps are typically required by each LTE base station.
Other subsystems
© Teltronic, 2014

15. Benefits of a TETRA + LTE solution
Future-proof
• Ready for future
enhancements in
technology and
services.
• Also a mid-step
towards a long-term
future Broadband
PMR standard.
15© Teltronic, 2014
Unified user
experience
• User does not take
care about the
technology itself,
but about the
services and
applications.
Best of both
worlds
• TETRA brings the
PMR-grade service
(network availability,
congestion control).
• LTE contributes with
the maximum
throughput.
Flexible model
• Solution can be
adapted according to
business exploitation
model:
Shared/public or
private networks.
• Possibilities to get
broadband spectrum
in different
frequency bands.
Controlled
investment
• Reduces the
required CAPEX and
protects the existing
investments in
narrowband (TETRA).
• Teltronic has
developed a 100%
owned LTE design
that natively
integrated with its
TETRA infrastructure:
the new evolved
NEBULA.
• Therefore both
TETRA and LTE
benefits of a
robustness design
exclusively focused
in PMR.
• Fully scalable
architecture from
rapid deployment
units to large
national networks.
• An owned design
enables full
customization of the
solution for vertical
markets.
• Optimizes CAPEX
when deployed
jointly with TETRA:
same cabinets,
shared power supply,
controllers, etc.
• Optimizes OPEX:
common spares for
both technologies,
same design
minimizes training.
• eNEBULA provides a
single and integrated
network concept.
• TETRA services can
be provided over LTE
to interconnect
TETRA and LTE user
devices.
• Solutions and apps
that get the most of
your LTE network.
• Enables a soft
investment in LTE
technology that can
be deployed
gradually.
• Teltronic offers a
progressive
migration path to
TETRA+LTE
considering future
investments in
TETRA together with
a scalable evolution
towards LTE.

16. Final highlights
TETRA and LTE will co-exist for long time
• LTE will not start replacing TETRA at least in a decade.
• Early adopters could start using commercial LTE networks for ease to access the
broadband experience.
• An affordable migration path towards TETRA+LTE is the key to allow the PMR users to
begin to gradually integrate broadband services in their operational procedures with
full warranties.
The road towards a future pure PMR LTE
• LTE R8 does not include PMR attributes. Further 3GPP releases should cover this gap in
the long term. This is an opportunity for the PMR industry to offer specific features that
differentiate their solutions from commercial LTE.
• Every market segment will probably require product customization at service and
application level. It is time to listen to our customers to anticipate their needs.
Broadband spectrum for PMR: Attention required!
• Current discussion seems to be more focused in a business perspective (commercial
networks) more than a service perspective (professional networks).
• Ongoing decisions can seriously affect to the PMR community (users and industry).
16© Teltronic, 2014

17. Alfredo Calderón
Chief Technology Officer
acalderon@teltronic.es
Gracias - Eskerrik asko - Thank you!