4. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
• Continued links between breeding /
pre-breeding and the
germplasm collection
in Cali with breeders
in Asia (especially
Thailand and China)
• Development of waxy
cassava for Thailand
with Thai breeders
and supported by the
Thai Tapioca Development Institute (TTDI)
Cassava breeding for Asia
5. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Cassava production systems
• 50% of the 3.8 million ha grown to cassava in Asia is
planted with CIAT-related varieties
• Much higher percentages in some countries:
Thailand (98), Cambodia (80), Vietnam (70), China (30), Burma (20),
Indonesia (19)
• Adoption of new
varieties and improved
agronomy has
increased average yields
by 50% and by even
more in some countries
6. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Cassava pest and diseases
Develop a response in terms of:
• Immediate quarantine measures
• Monitoring pests and diseases
• Confirm species
• Identify, rear, and
introduce biological
control agents
• Initiation of breeding
strategies
8. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Cassava for higher altitudes
• 750 sexual seeds from
crosses from LAC
highlands
• March 2009:
6 promising breeding lines
being evaluated at
1,300 masl
• Develop “elite
genotypes” for
testing with
farmers
• Impact of Climate
Change?
9. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Cassava for Biofuel
• IFAD ICRISAT-CIAT
– sweet sorghum
– jatropha
– cassava
(Cali / CLAYUCA / Asia)
• IFAD 4FGF
• Breeding/selection for
more efficient conversion
to ethanol
• Smallscale processing
• Smallholder production
systems & links to
processors
• Biogas and CDM
10. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Forage and Livestock
Systems
• Legumes for Pigs Project
- technology: ↑ growth and ↓ labour
- scaling-out:
Pig Systems Development Alliance
• Improved Ruminant Production
- focus: technologies & systems
- stakeholders:
• Grasses for Fish
11. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Legumes for Pigs Project Strategy
Stylo for pigs
• How does it work?
• Can it be improved?
Reaching
poor
households
• Government
extension service
• NGOs & projects
Learning
alliance
• platform for sharing
knowledge + training
• linking people and
organizations
DevelopmentResearch
• Understand the
production systems
• Understand the impact
of Stylo 184 (science)
• Improve feeding
systems
• Identify other
feeding options
• Convince partners of
the benefits so they are
interested to scale out
• Support scaling out
(knowledge, tools, seed)
• Build capacity
• Feedback to research
14. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Households growing Stylo 184 as
supplementary feed for pigs, 2006-2008.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Numberoffarmers
NGO
District extension
Number of households growing Stylo for pigs
Scaled out by (1) NGOs and other development partners
(2) directly by district extension services in project target villages
15. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Factors contributing to success
1. An entry technology with significant benefits to farmers
– a powerful incentive for working together
2. A common goal, commitment and like-minded professionals
Improving livelihoods of poor smallholder farmers through more
efficient and sustainable agriculture and livestock production.
Many shared additional common goals:
- providing significant benefits to women and ethnic minorities
- use of participatory approaches to work with local communities
1. Respect for each others organisational values, skills, and
contributions
2. Recognition of the benefits of joining in an alliance and working
together in reaching the goals of their own projects
16. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Challenges
• Different institutional cultures and procedures of
partner organisation such as
Differences in remuneration
Lack of access to operational funds
Disincentives for sharing information
Staff turnover
Bureaucratic procedures
• Real and important constraints but
benefits of participation sufficient to
manage these challenges
18. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Project focus
Improving household income
and building innovation
capacity for cattle development
Developing and integrating
forage technologies with
farmers
Improving cattle production
through forage-based
feeding systems
2007 – 2009
FAP
2000 – 2002
FSP
2003 – 2005
LLSP
Moving from forages to impacts
19. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Project activities and outcomes
2007 – 2009
FAP
2000 – 2002
FSP
2003 – 2005
LLSP
Evaluation of forage varieties
with individual farmers
Developed appropriate forage
technologies for cattle
Improving feeding systems with farmer groups
Scaling out forage-based feeding systems
Improved cattle productivity and income
Moving from simple issues
to systems issues
Continued improving feeding systems
and scaling out
Changed cattle production system to
stall feeding, cross bred cattle, and
more market-oriented production
20. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Main stakeholders
Researchers (CIAT, TNU, NIAH)
+ district extension office
+ key farmers in 4 villages
All Stakeholders from first stage
+ district government + commune government
+ farmer groups + commune extension workers
+ district farmer and women’s union
Moving from simple
research partnerships to
complex R&D multi-
stakeholder relationships
All stakeholders from second stage
+ additional communes and farmer groups
+ cattle traders + agricultural banks
+ other district departments (e.g. policy,
planning)
2006 – 2008
FAP
2000 – 2002
FSP
2003 – 2005
LLSP
22. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Changes in cattle population and cattle sales
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Cattlepopulation
• Cattle population in the
District doubled from
2003 to 2005
• Mean increase for the
Province only 7%
• Cattle pop. stable from ‘05
Number of animals sold:
8000 in 2005
15,000 in 2008
26. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Linking Farmers to Markets
• Smallscale Agroenterprise Development in the Uplands
(SADU):
Vietnam
Laos
• Food, Feed, Fibre, and Fuel for a Greener Future
(4FGF):
Linking smallholders to agribusiness / processing
Benefits to processors: feedstock supply and waste
management
Benefits to smallholders through market engagement
• Inputs to all other projects/programs:
Forages, Cassava
27. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
SADU Vietnam
• Development:
Develop impact-oriented, pro-poor
value chain pilots
• Research:
Assess processes, outcomes,
impacts and lessons
• Development:
Mainstream approaches, tools and
lessons
95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
Research
Extensio
n
Research
Delivery / Development
New Research
“Proof of concept” “Proof of delivery” “Delivery”
30. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
SADU Vietnam
Value Chain Interventions:
Market linkage development
Transition to more commercial and competitive
production systems
Collective action for market access
Development of commercial support services and
input distribution chains
Improvements in the design and implementation of
contract farming schemes
Market-oriented diversification
32. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
SADU Vietnam
Emerging results:
More resilient, competitive, and sustainable smallholder
production and marketing systems
Direct income benefits to resource-poor and ethnic
minority farming households
Marketing extension curriculum developed for:
- National Agricultural and Forestry Extension Centre
- College for Managers of Agriculture and Rural Development
- Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry
Lessons:
- Entry points for intervention
- Working with agribusiness for pro-poor innovation
- Strategic use of subsidies for scalability and sustainability
33. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
SADU
Laos
Value chains
• current key markets:
livestock - pigs, cattle and buffalo;
non-timber forest products – passion-fruit, porsaa (paper mulberry).
• re-entering maize; looking to other key strategic, pro-poor value chains…
• exiting some locally focussed chains: poultry, goats, chilli, bananas…
Key achievements
• adaptation and publication of CIAT Agro-Enterprise
Development field facilitators guide (IPG)
• platform for scaling up, linkages, information and conflict resolution
• conditions for supporting development of service providers
• Learning Alliance with NGOs – provision of training and mentoring support
• Capacity building with national, provincial and district MAF staff
34. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Research areas
• Understanding impacts and equity for different groups within market chains
• Targeting impacts on key beneficiaries through market chain interventions
• Results measurement – additionality, displacement, multipliers
• Further tools to support the’ agro-enterprise development process’, and
capacity building
• Mechanisms for engagement with an opportunistic, short-term focussed
private sector in Laos
• National government policy support – enabling environments for trade
39. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Climate Change study in the Lao PDR
• GTZ Lao-German Land Policy
Development Project
• For whole country &
focus on 4 Provinces
• 3 Scenarios
• 2020 and 2050
• Impacts on land use
• Assessment with villagers
- how have things changed
- what adaptations approp.
43. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Partnerships & Linkages (cont.)
China
• Agreements with CATAS, GSCRI, YAAS, and CAAS
• CIAT-CAAS Forum to progress collaboration with China/CAAS,
Beijing 17-21 August
Visit to partners/potential partners in CAAS institutions
Introduction of CAAS and CIAT
Beans - Crop Science Institute & YAAS
Forages - Institute of Animal Sciences & CATAS
Biotech - Biotechnology Research Institute & ?
Rice - China National Rice Research Institute & YAAS
Cassava – GSCRI-CATAS
India
• Cassava: pests and diseases & biofuel
• CTCRI, Private Sector, …
45. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Communications
• Documentation, website, …all pretty poor
Try to get an intern
• Interactions between project, programs, regions
Reaching End Users
• Part of the Strategic Plan and MTP or not?
• The “good” development partners
- Learning alliances, Partnerships, etc.
The “less good” development partners
- Buy in the technologies / consultants
Some Issues
46. Eco-EfficientAgricultureforthePoor
Visibility of the Regions
• Part of the Strategic Plan and MTP or not?
Reaction of donors
Programs “Lost in LAC” or just Lost
• DAPA
• Linking Farmers to Markets
• Cross-cutting projects/activities
Some Issues