1. • Commands
• Verb to be (Affirmative, Negative and Interrogative
forms)
• Contractions
• Numbers 1-50
• Age

2. (Órdenes)

4. Please, close the door
Please shut the window
Please stand up
Please sit down
Please tell me
Please spell…
Please come to me QUICKLY
Please write

5. • Interrogative form
• Affirmative Form (Short and long)
• Negative Form (Short and Long”

6. INTERROGATIVE FORM
 La forma interrogativa del verbo “to be” (ser o estar) se
forma colocando el verbo conjugado primero, seguido
por el pronombre.
 La frase “we are students” (somos estudiantes) tendría la
siguiente forma interrogativa:
ARE WE STUDENTS? (¿Sómos estudiantes?)
ARE (Verb) + WE (Pronoun) + STUDENTS? (Complement)

7. LET´S REVIEW!
 ¿Cuáles son los pronombres personales?
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
I (Yo)
YOU (Tú, usted)
HE (él)
SHE (ella)
IT (eso – Para animales, cosas o elementos no humanos)
THEY (Ellos)
WE (Nosotros)
YOU (Ustedes)

8. Verb TO BE conjugation
I AM(Yo SOY)
YOU ARE(Tú ERES, usted ES)
HE IS (él ES)
SHE IS(ella ES)
IT IS(eso ES)
THEY ARE(Ellos SON)
WE ARE(Nosotros SOMOS)
YOU ARE(Ustedes SON)
NOTA:
YOU es el mismo
pronombre en plural y
singular: Usted y Ustedes.
El contexto define a cuál
de los dos se refiere.
Por ejemplo:
You are a doctor
(Singular)
- Usted es un doctor
You are doctors (Plural)
- Ustedes son doctores

9. EXAMPLES OF INTERROGATIVE
FORM
 I AM A TEACHER
Interrogative form:
AM I A TEACHER?
YOU ARE A STUDENT
Interrogative form:
ARE YOU A STUDENT?

10.  He is a doctor.
Interrogative form:
IS HE A DOCTOR?
Daniel is a pilot.
Interrogative form:
IS DANIEL A PILOT?
(Aquí el pronombre ”He” es reemplazado por el nombre
de la persona, en este caso “Daniel”).

11. Sandra is in the office
IS SANDRA IN THE OFFICE?
She is a secretary
IS SHE A SECRETARY?
The dog is in the park
IS THE DOG IN THE PARK?
It is cute.
IS IT CUTE?

12.  You are in the classroom.
ARE YOU IN THE CLASSROOM?
We are in Pereira.
ARE WE IN PEREIRA?
They are in Paris.
ARE THEY IN PARIS?

13. AFFIRMATIVE FORM
(LONG)
 En la forma afirmativa larga (para contestar
preguntas), se incluye toda la información contenida
en la forma interrogativa.
 Así:
Is she a secretary?
YES, SHE IS A SECRETARY.

14.  EJEMPLOS:
-AM I A TEACHER?
-YES, YOU ARE A TEACHER
-¿Soy una profesora?
-Sí, tú eres una profesora.
Cuando la pregunta incluye el pronombre “I”, la respuesta
será con el pronombre “YOU”.
Y VICEVERSA = Cuando la pregunta es con el
pronombre “YOU”, la respuesta es con el pronombre “I”.
- ARE YOU YULI? - ¿Eres Yuli?
- YES, I AM YULI - Sí, yo soy Yuli.

15.  La misma regla aplica cuando el pronombre “YOU” se refiere a
“USTEDES”. En este caso, la respuesta se hará con el pronombre
“WE” (Nosotros).
-ARE YOU IN THE CLASSROOM?
-YES, WE ARE IN THE CLASSROOM.
-¿Están en el salón?
-Sí, nosotros estamos en el salón.
Y VICEVERSA:
- ARE WE IN PEREIRA? -¿Estamos en Pereira?
- YES, YOU ARE IN PEREIRA. -Sí, ustedes están en Pereira.
Nota: Cuando la persona quien pregunta usando el pronombre “WE” está
incluida en ese grupo (NOSOTROS), la respuesta no será con YOU, sino con
WE también.
-ARE WE IN PEREIRA? -YES, WE ARE IN PEREIRA.

16.  Am I a teacher?
YES, YOU ARE A TEACHER
Are you a student?
YES, I AM A STUDENT
Is Daniel in the Hospital?
YES, DANIEL IS IN THE HOSPITAL.
YES, HE IS IN THE HOSPITAL.
Is he a doctor?
YES, HE IS A DOCTOR.

17.  Is Sandra in the office?
YES, SANDRA IS IN THE OFFICE.
YES, SHE IS IN THE OFFICE.
Is she a secretary?
YES, SHE IS A SECRETARY.
Is the dog in the park?
YES, THE DOG IS IN THE PARK.
YES, IT IS IN THE PARK.
Is it cute?
YES, IT IS CUTE.

18.  Are you in the classroom?
YES, WE ARE IN THE CLASSROOM.
Are we in Pereira?
YES, WE ARE IN PEREIRA.
YES, YOU ARE IN PEREIRA.
Are they in Paris?
YES, THEY ARE IN PARIS.

19. AFFIRMATIVE FORM
(SHORT)
 En la forma afirmativa corta (para contestar
preguntas), no se incluye toda la información
contenida en la forma interrogativa, sólo se responde
hasta el verbo.
 Así:
Is she a secretary?
YES, SHE IS.

20.  Am I a teacher?
YES, YOU ARE.
Are you a student?
YES, I AM.
Is Daniel in the Hospital?
YES, HE IS.
Is he a doctor?
YES, HE IS.

21. Is Sandra in the office?
YES, SHE IS.
Is she a secretary?
YES, SHE IS.
Is the dog in the park?
YES, IT IS.
Is it cute?
YES, IT IS.

22.  Are you in the classroom?
YES, WE ARE.
Are we in Pereira?
YES, WE ARE.
YES, YOU ARE.
Are they in Paris?
YES, THEY ARE.

23. NEGATIVE FORM
(LONG)
 En la forma negativa larga (para contestar preguntas), se
incluye toda la información contenida en la forma
interrogativa seguida del auxiliar de negación NOT.
NO +PRONOMBRE + VERBO + NOT + COMPLEMENTO
 Así:
Is she a secretary?
NO, SHE IS NOT A SECRETARY.

24.  Am I a teacher?
NO, YOU ARE NOT A TEACHER
Are you a student?
NO, I AM NOT A STUDENT
Is Daniel in the Hospital?
NO, DANIEL IS NOT IN THE
HOSPITAL.
NO, HE IS NOT IN THE HOSPITAL.
Is he a doctor?
NO, HE IS NOT A DOCTOR.

25.  Is Sandra in the office?
NO, SANDRA IS NOT IN THE OFFICE.
NO, SHE IS NOT IN THE OFFICE.
Is she a secretary?
NO, SHE IS NOT A SECRETARY.
Is the dog in the park?
NO, THE DOG IS NOT IN THE PARK.
NO, IT IS NOT IN THE PARK.
Is it cute?
NO, IT IS NOT CUTE.

26.  Are you in the classroom?
NO, WE ARE NOT IN THE CLASSROOM.
Are we in Pereira?
NO, WE ARE NOT IN PEREIRA.
NO, YOU ARE NOT IN PEREIRA.
Are they in Paris?
NO, THEY ARE NOT IN PARIS.

27. NEGATIVE FORM
(SHORT)
 En la forma negativa corta (para contestar
preguntas), no se incluye toda la información
contenida en la forma interrogativa, sólo se responde
hasta el auxiliar de negación.
 Así:
Is she a secretary?
NO, SHE IS NOT.

28.  Am I a teacher?
NO, YOU ARE NOT.
Are you a student?
NO, I AM NOT.
Is Daniel in the Hospital?
NO, HE IS NOT.
Is he a doctor?
NO, HE IS NOT.

29. Is Sandra in the office?
NO, SHE IS NOT.
Is she a secretary?
NO, SHE IS NOT.
Is the dog in the park?
NO, IT IS NOT.
Is it cute?
NO, IT IS NOT.

30.  Are you in the classroom?
NO, WE ARE NOT.
Are we in Pereira?
NO, WE ARE NOT.
NO, YOU ARE NOT.
Are they in Paris?
NO, THEY ARE NOT.

31. Contracciones

32.  Las contracciones son abreviaciones en la forma escrita y
oral que se realizan para garantizar la fluidez del idioma.
Estas son las contracciones del verbo TO BE:
PARA LA FORMA AFIRMATIVA:
I am Yuli = I’M YULI
You are a nurse = YOU´RE A NURSE.
She is a student = SHE’S A STUDENT.
He is a doctor = HE’S A DOCTOR
It is a cat = IT’S A CAT.
We are in Medellin = WE´RE IN MEDELLIN
They are partners = THEY’RE PARTNERS

33.  Por lo tanto, estas contracciones se pueden incluir para
responder preguntas con la forma AFIRMATIVA
LARGA.
Are you happy?
Yes, I’m happy.
Is he in the office?
Yes, he’s in the office.
Are you sad?
Yes, we’re sad.
Are they worried?
Yes, they’re worried.

34.  Pero JAMÁS se usan en la forma AFIRMATIVA
CORTA.
Are you happy?
Yes, I’m. Yes, I am.
Is he in the office?
Yes, he’s . Yes, he is.
Are you sad?
Yes, we’re. Yes, we are.
Are they worried?
Yes, they’re. Yes, they are.

35. PARA LA FORMA NEGATIVA: Hay dos maneras de
hacerlo:
LA PRIMERA:
I am not Yuli = I’M NOT YULI (Para este pronombre es
la única forma)
You are not a nurse = YOU´RE NOT A NURSE.
She is not a student = SHE’S NOT A STUDENT.
He is not a doctor = HE’S NOT A DOCTOR
It is not a cat = IT’S NOT A CAT.
We are not in Medellin = WE´RE NOT IN MEDELLIN
They are not partners = THEY’RE NOT PARTNERS

36.  LA SEGUNDA:
I am not Yuli = I’M NOT YULI (Para este pronombre es
la única forma)
You are not a nurse = YOU AREN’T A NURSE.
She is not a student = SHE ISN’T A STUDENT.
He is not a doctor = HE ISN’T A DOCTOR
It is not a cat = IT ISN’T A CAT.
We are not in Medellin = WE AREN’T IN MEDELLIN
They are not partners = THEY AREN’T PARTNERS

37. Por lo tanto:
 Hay tres formas de negación larga:
 1) Sin abreviación:
Is she a singer?
NO, SHE IS NOT A SINGER
2) Con abreviación:
NO, SHE’S NOT A SINGER
3) Con abreviación:
NO, SHE ISN’T A SINGER

38.  Al contrario de las respuestas afirmativas, en
las negativas SÍ PUEDE HABER
CONTRACCIÓN en las respuestas
cortas, así:
 Is he in Pereira?
NO, HE’S NOT.
NO, HE ISN’T.

39. 1-50

40. 0 = ZERO 11= ELEVEN
1 = ONE 12= TWELVE
2 = TWO 13= THIRTEEN
3 = THREE 14= FOURTEEN
4= FOUR 15= FIFTEEN
5= FIVE 16= SIXTEEN
6 = SIX 17= SEVENTEEN
7 = SEVEN 18= EIGHTEEN
8= EIGHT 19= NINETEEN
9= NINE
10 = TEN

41. 20= TWENTY 30= THIRTY
21= TWENTY-ONE
22= TWENTY-TWO
23= TWENTY- THREE
24= TWENTY- FOUR 40= FORTY
25= TWENTY-FIVE
26= TWENTY-SIX
27 = TWENTY – SEVEN
28 = TWENTY – EIGHT 50= FIFTY
29 = TWENTY-NINE

42. (Edad)

43. Para preguntar la edad:
 HOW OLD ARE YOU?
(¿Qué edad tienes?)
Se responde usando el verbo TO BE:
I AM TWENTY-ONE YEARS OLD o
I’M TWENTY-ONE YEARS OLD

44. Con los demás pronombres:
 How old is she?
SHE IS THIRTY-SIX YEARS OLD.
SHE’S THIRTY-SIX YEARS OLD.
 How old is he?
HE IS EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD
HE’S EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD
 How old are Mariana and Camila?
THEY ARE TWELVE AND SEVEN YEARS OLD
THEY’RE TWELVE AND SEVEN YEARS OLD

45. DIALOGUE
 Ana: Good afternoon!
 Peter: Good afternoon, how are you?
 Ana: I am fine, and you?
 Peter: Very Good, thank you.
 Ana: What is your name?
 Peter: My name is Pedro. And what is your name?
 Ana: I’m Ana. How old are you?
 Peter: I am thirty-three years old, and you?
 Ana: I am twenty-five years old.
 Peter: Ok, see you!
 Ana: Good bye!