2. TO BE = SER / ESTAR
Affirmative
Form Contraction Translation Example
I am I’m Yo soy / Yo estoy I am a teacher.
You are You’re Tú eres / Tú estás You are a student.
He is He’s Él es / Él está He is in the classroom.
She is She’s Ella es / Ella está She is in the classroom.
It is It’s Es / Está (animals and things) It is on the table.
We are We’re Nosotros somos / estamos We are at school.
You are You’re Vosotros sois / estáis You are students.
They are They’re Ellos son / están They are in the street.

3. TO BE = SER / ESTAR
Negative
Form Contraction Translation Example
I am not I’m not Yo no soy / Yo no estoy I am not a student.
You are not You aren’t Tú no eres / Tú no estás You aren’t a teacher.
He is not He isn’t Él no es / Él no está He isn’t in the class.
She is not She isn’t Ella no es / Ella no está She isn’t in the class.
It is not It isn’t No es / No está (animals & things) It isn’t on the table.
We are not We aren’t Nosotros no somos / no estamos We aren’t in the park.
You are not You aren’t Vosotros no sois / no estáis You aren’t teachers.
They are not They aren’t Ellos no son / no están They aren’t in the school.

4. TO BE = SER / ESTAR
Interrogative
Question Answer Translation Example
Am I? Yes, I am/No, I’m not ¿Soy? / ¿Estoy? Am I in a classroom?
Are you? Yes, I am/No, I’m not ¿Eres? / ¿Estás? Are you a student?
Is he? Yes, he is/No, he isn’t ¿Es? / ¿Está? Is he in the classroom?
Is she? Yes, she is/No, she isn’t ¿Es? / ¿Está? Is she in the classroom?
Is it? Yes, it is/No, it isn’t ¿Es? / ¿Está? Is it on the table?
Are we? Yes, we are/No, we aren’t ¿Somos? / ¿Estamos? Are we at school?
Are you? Yes, we are/ No, we aren’t ¿Sois? / ¿Estáis? Are you students?
Are they? Yes, they are/No, they aren’t ¿Son? / ¿Están? Are they in the street?