El documento presenta información sobre ciencias de la computación e informática. Explica que la ciencia de la computación estudia el procesamiento automático de la información mediante máquinas electrónicas como las computadoras. Describe las cuatro tareas básicas que realizan las computadoras: entrada de datos, almacenamiento de datos, procesamiento de datos y salida de resultados. También define conceptos clave como algoritmos, memoria interna, memoria externa y unidades de medida para la memoria y la velocidad de procesamiento.

1. Dpto. Tecnología 1
DEPARTAMENTO
DE
TECNOLOGÍA
PRESENTA

2. Dpto. Tecnología 2
COMPUTER SCIENCE=
INFORMATION
+
AUTOMATIC
+

3. Dpto. Tecnología 3
INFORMACIÓN
• EVERY WAY OF
REPRESENTING
• HUMAN
KNWOLEDGE FOR
• ITS INTERCHANGE.

4. Dpto. Tecnología 4
COMPUTER SCIENCE
SCIENCE ABOUT
THE AUTOMATIC
PROCESS OF INFORMATION .

5. Dpto. Tecnología 5
COMPUTER
ELECTRONIC MACHINE THAT
PROCESSES INFORMATION.

6. Dpto. Tecnología 6
A COMPUTER
PROCESSES DATA (RAW INFORMATION),
AND HANDS OUT RESULTS ( ELABORATED
INFORMATION)

7. Dpto. Tecnología 7
COMPUTERS PERFOM 4 BASIC TASKS
• DATA INPUT • DATA OUTPUT
• DATA STORAGE • DATA PROCESSING

8. Dpto. Tecnología 8
ALGORITHM
DATA
RESULTS

9. Dpto. Tecnología 9
ALGORITHM IN MATHS CONSIST OF THE STEPS WE NEED TO TAKE TO MAKE
CALCULATIONS .E.G. HOW WE LEARN TO CALCULATE A DIVISION , SQUARE ROOT ETC.

10. Dpto. Tecnología 10
THE COMPUTER STORES
DATA INSIDE ITS MEMORY ,WHICH
CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO :
INTERNAL MEMORY.
EXTERNAL MEMORY.

11. Dpto. Tecnología 11
INTERNAL
MEMORY
IT IS THE ONE CLOSEST TO THE
MICROPROCESSOR

12. Dpto. Tecnología 12
INTERNAL MEMORY
RAM
TEMPORARY MEMORY ,
USED DURING
PROGRAMS
EXECUTION.
ROM
PERMANENT MEMORY ,
WHERE THE SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION IS
KEPT.

13. Dpto. Tecnología 13
EXTERNAL
MEMORY
THE ONE THAT IS FURTHER
AWAY FROM THE
MICROPROCESSOR

14. Dpto. Tecnología 14
FORMADA POR
DISCOS DE ALMACENAMIENTO
SOLID STATE DRIVES
(FLASH DRIVES)
MAGNÉTIC DRIVES
-HARD DRIVES.
OPTICAL DRIVES:
-CDs
-DVDs

15. Dpto. Tecnología 15
FLASH MEMORY DEVICES
Chips that can be electrically erased
and reprogrammed. They are
based on EEPROM (electrically
erasable programmable read-only
memory) technology.

16. Dpto. Tecnología 16
MEMORY UNITS
-BIT A “1”, 0R A “0”.
-1BYTE = STRING OF 8 “1´s”, “0´s” COMBINED,
IT CORRESPONDS TO THE STORING SPACE OF A
LETTER OR CARACTER.

17. Dpto. Tecnología 17
MEMORY UNITS (cont.)
-1KILOBYTE=1024 BYTES
-1MEGABYTE=1024*1024 BYTES
-1GIGABYTE=1024*1024*1024
BYTES

18. Dpto. Tecnología 18
PROCESSING RATE UNITS
1 HERTZ = 1 ELEMENTARY OPERATION /SECOND.
1MEGA HERTZ =1MILLION HERTZ.
1 GIGA HERTZ =1000 MEGA HERTZ =
1000 MILLION ELEMENTARY OPERATIONS /SECOND.

19. Dpto. Tecnología 19
COMPUTER´S ELEMENTARY
OPERATIONS
• ADDITION
/SUBSTRACTION
• SORTING /
SELECTION
• LOGICAL:
– TRUE / FALSE

20. Dpto. Tecnología 20
COMPUTERS ARE MADE UP:
HARDWARE:
PHYSICAL PARTS
(CIRCUITS)
SOFTWARE:
LOGICAL PART
PROGRAMS.

21. Dpto. Tecnología 21
KINDS OF SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE
SYSTEM APPLICACIÓN
OPERATING SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
SUITES ( PACKAGES)
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
HIGH LEVEL
LOW LEVEL
OBJECT ORIENTED ( ACTIONS).
GENERAL PURPOUSE
DESING AND MANUFACTURING
CAD/CAM
OFMÁTIC

22. Dpto. Tecnología 22
BUSES
DATA HIGHWAYS THAT LINK
DIFFERENT COMPUTER PARTS

23. Dpto. Tecnología 23
MICROPROCESSOR O CPU
CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT

24. Dpto. Tecnología 24
KINDS OF BUSES
• DATA BUSES.
• CONTROL BUSES.
• ADDRESS BUSES.

25. Dpto. Tecnología 25
CPU PARTS
CONTROL UNIT
ALU
REGISTERS
CLOCK

26. Dpto. Tecnología 26

27. Dpto. Tecnología 27
THE CONTROL UNIT IS
IN CHARGE OF INTERPRETING
AND EXECUTING
INSTRUCTIONS OR COMMANDS.

28. Dpto. Tecnología 28
ALU
ARITMETHIC-LOGIC UNIT
PERFORMS ELEMENTARY
CALCULATIONS.

29. Dpto. Tecnología 29

30. Dpto. Tecnología 30
INSTRUCTION REGISTER:
IT STORES WHERE THE NEXT
INSTRUCTION TO EXECUTE,
IS KEPT.

31. Dpto. Tecnología 31
PROGRAMME COUNTER
PART OF THE MICRO.,
THAT KEEPS A RECORD
OF THE INSTRUCTIONS THAT
HAVE BEEN EXECUTED IN A
GIVEN TIME.

32. Dpto. Tecnología 32
THE PROGRAM COUNTER
HELPS THE COMPUTER
SO THAT THE MICROPROCESSOR
DOES NOT CRASH.

33. Dpto. Tecnología 33
SYSTEM CLOCK
IT IS AN OSCILLATOR
THAT SETS THE RITHM OF INSTRUCTIONS´
EXECUTION BY THE MICROPROCESSOR.
EI
MACARENA
AAAAI !