CAUDAL ECOLOGICO

1. TEMA:
CAUDAL ECOLÓGICO
CURSO: HIDROLOGIA

2. El caudal ecológico es un instrumento de gestión que
permite acordar un manejo integrado y sostenible de los
recursos hídricos, que establece la calidad, cantidad y
régimen del flujo de agua requerido para mantener los
componentes, funciones, procesos y la resiliencia de los
ecosistemas acuáticos que proporcionan bienes y servicios a
la sociedad.
Una revisión global del estado presente de las metodologías
de caudal ambiental reveló la existencia de 207
metodologías individuales, registradas en 44 países. Se
pueden agrupar en métodos hidrológicos, hidráulicos,
ecohidráulicos y holísticos. La elección del método más
apropiado depende del objetivo que se requiera en el
sistema.

3. Estos métodos son métodos de escritorio y solo
pueden ser empleados si existe una estación de
medición con un periodo razonable de registros de
caudales cerca al área de interés.
Según a la Resolución Jefatural N° 098 – 2016 ANA:
 El caudal ecológico mínimo será el equivalente al
caudal determinado al 95% de persistencia en el
punto de interés de la fuente de agua natural.
 El estudio de determinación de caudales
ecológicos se realizará utilizando información
estadística de los últimos 20 años.

4. AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
1963 61.00 95.00 78.00 33.00 17.00 7.00 6.00 6.00 5.80 5.30 18.20 71.00
1964 24.20 64.40 91.00 44.00 19.70 8.10 5.20 4.60 4.50 5.00 13.50 10.80
1965 24.20 39.00 53.00 27.20 15.60 5.60 5.10 5.00 4.50 5.80 5.10 24.40
1966 39.00 71.00 65.00 11.10 11.80 6.00 4.30 4.30 4.70 11.00 34.10 74.00
1967 45.00 94.00 95.00 50.00 26.70 12.00 8.00 5.10 5.10 19.60 6.20 14.90
1968 48.00 48.00 79.90 21.00 8.30 6.70 5.10 5.50 5.50 14.90 32.20 37.40
1969 34.80 40.00 59.10 33.20 8.90 6.00 4.30 3.90 4.70 5.10 16.30 48.00
1970 88.60 57.50 81.10 39.00 23.10 10.20 6.70 4.90 7.50 6.20 10.90 69.30
1971 57.30 100.40 54.00 41.50 12.20 8.20 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.50 26.20
1972 30.22 53.22 64.41 40.70 18.25 5.77 4.54 3.54 3.54 3.94 5.77 26.16
1973 60.74 98.00 98.00 38.98 15.44 7.56 6.88 8.08 7.30 9.82 12.56 38.00
1974 102.08 136.56 103.00 45.00 21.48 13.64 8.48 10.50 7.20 5.92 4.50 4.76
1975 35.46 72.04 89.20 32.76 31.68 9.60 6.08 5.30 6.08 6.90 11.76 30.14
1976 82.72 106.50 66.90 34.92 12.48 7.80 5.04 3.78 30.14 7.50 4.00 5.56
1977 30.14 99.08 78.50 22.16 19.94 5.20 4.01 3.37 3.37 3.24 23.60 13.20
1978 109.60 78.13 34.38 23.19 9.02 6.00 5.20 4.52 5.40 12.86 46.40 33.84
1979 38.80 88.18 84.74 40.68 13.16 7.44 5.76 5.04 4.24 4.08 8.00 6.60
1980 35.20 33.44 56.22 30.64 7.44 3.92 4.56 3.12 3.24 27.90 19.56 16.20
1981 89.90 103.20 115.84 34.00 12.08 8.00 6.32 8.60 9.20 27.90 35.80 101.40
1982 68.76 123.70 61.89 39.00 16.20 9.80 8.30 7.44 6.60 19.54 32.68 20.48
1983 17.48 14.94 50.05 46.02 12.74 4.85 4.20 3.78 6.66 13.32 4.98 17.88
1984 74.79 134.12 121.26 115.44 19.16 10.69 7.55 5.44 4.42 8.87 52.86 73.40
1985 53.88 50.95 58.35 77.17 31.99 16.26 7.67 4.65 9.29 9.61 5.66 38.14
1986 89.85 247.30 209.35 94.76 49.48 20.88 6.98 8.68 6.24 5.69 5.60 9.41
1987 65.67 58.50 56.95 47.59 11.40 5.03 6.27 6.36 4.02 4.41 10.00 10.45
1988 134.38 72.89 74.00 56.74 29.73 10.57 7.41 5.82 5.27 6.36 10.00 18.00
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
1989 37.00 54.00 78.00 38.00 12.00 7.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 8.00 4.44 11.00
1990 58.00 8.02 14.50 9.00 8.21 5.73 4.93 5.36 5.52 18.08 37.12 73.24
1991 80.00 121.00 88.00 43.00 14.00 8.02 3.37 10.20 4.45 5.10 5.83 6.06
1992 52.00 21.91 17.28 8.05 3.67 3.39 3.00 2.93 4.00 3.96 3.41 4.01
1993 41.00 109.18 71.15 33.33 12.00 9.14 6.62 5.91 9.55 9.00 49.57 80.86
1994 88.00 105.16 64.44 49.43 17.00 11.30 8.12 6.58 5.62 6.39 11.24 16.57
1995 49.45 64.26 84.42 36.91 9.98 5.56 4.40 3.70 3.75 5.33 31.22 26.19
1996 96.27 98.98 111.09 55.61 14.45 9.41 4.96 4.80 4.52 4.43 7.40 24.00
1997 66.50 99.48 56.95 15.06 10.20 6.11 5.11 5.14 10.04 10.03 38.09 63.23
1998 154.70 84.58 80.71 73.64 14.39 9.29 8.31 7.20 6.71 7.40 8.84 39.62
1999 49.04 97.45 89.94 65.90 27.75 9.91 6.83 6.61 5.19 9.58 5.25 33.04
2000 72.79 139.00 127.40 45.10 13.81 6.70 4.85 3.72 3.18 10.18 4.50 34.32
2001 76.69 74.64 79.41 35.20 12.06 4.27 2.80 1.67 2.36 2.75 14.01 20.57
2002 23.86 83.41 65.92 40.84 8.89 6.14 4.14 2.11 4.50 14.28 35.50 54.48
2003 58.28 139.77 101.14 59.65 14.35 11.54 7.60 6.51 6.51 6.19 6.11 38.77
2004 40.57 122.98 67.76 25.27 10.21 5.56 5.60 3.75 6.23 5.84 9.45 45.34
2005 64.79 55.00 75.00 35.00 12.00 5.24 4.35 3.74 4.19 4.85 4.14 53.19
2006 144.63 150.27 140.4
4
99.71 15.80 9.43 7.80 6.75 6.14 9.48 29.19 69.53
2007 67.78 72.87 165.60 69.60 20.15 9.81 7.18 6.41 5.00 7.00 8.00 31.52

5. Numero AÑO PROB. ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
1 1963 2 229.21 307.5 209.35 154.85 49.48 20.88 12.24 10.81 30.14 27.9 67.19 269.06
2 1964 4 189.8 273.2 198.47 134.64 36.59 16.26 10.72 10.5 13.03 27.9 52.86 127.55
3 1965 6 154.7 247.3 177.97 115.44 35.74 15.74 8.48 10.2 10.04 19.6 49.57 101.4
4 1966 8 144.63 150.27 165.6 99.71 31.99 14.4 8.31 8.68 9.74 19.54 46.4 94.46
5 1967 10 134.38 147.22 140.44 94.76 31.68 13.64 8.3 8.6 9.55 18.08 38.09 80.86
6 1968 12 109.6 139.77 127.4 90.22 29.73 12 8.12 8.45 9.29 14.9 37.12 74
7 1969 14 109.38 139 121.26 77.17 27.75 11.54 8 8.08 9.2 14.28 35.8 73.4
8 1970 16 102.08 136.56 115.84 73.64 26.7 11.3 7.8 7.8 9.17 13.45 35.5 73.24
9 1971 18 96.27 134.12 114.25 69.6 23.1 10.77 7.67 7.44 7.5 13.32 34.1 71
10 1972 20 89.9 123.7 111.09 67.27 21.48 10.69 7.6 7.2 7.3 12.86 32.68 69.53
11 1973 22 89.85 122.98 103 65.9 20.15 10.57 7.6 6.75 7.2 12.03 32.2 69.3
12 1974 24 88.6 121 101.14 59.65 19.94 10.2 7.55 6.61 6.71 11 31.22 63.23
13 1975 26 88 114.63 98 56.74 19.7 9.91 7.41 6.58 6.66 10.63 29.19 54.48
14 1976 28 83.84 109.18 95 55.61 19.16 9.81 7.18 6.51 6.6 10.18 23.6 54.42
15 1977 30 82.72 106.5 91 50 18.45 9.8 6.98 6.48 6.53 10.03 21.1 53.19
16 1978 32 80 105.16 89.94 49.43 18.25 9.6 6.88 6.41 6.51 9.82 19.56 48
17 1979 34 76.69 103.2 89.2 47.59 17 9.43 6.83 6.36 6.24 9.75 18.2 45.34
18 1980 36 74.79 100.4 88 46.02 17 9.41 6.7 6.16 6.23 9.61 17.68 39.62
19 1981 38 72.79 99.48 84.74 45.1 16.2 9.29 6.62 6 6.16 9.58 16.3 38.77
20 1982 40 68.76 99.08 84.42 45 15.8 9.14 6.54 5.91 6.14 9.48 14.01 38.14
21 1983 42 67.78 98.98 84.06 44 15.6 8.2 6.32 5.82 6.08 9 13.5 38
22 1984 44 66.5 98 82.24 43 15.44 8.1 6.27 5.5 5.8 8.87 12.56 37.4
23 1985 46 65.72 97.45 81.1 41.5 14.69 8.02 6.16 5.44 5.62 8 11.76 34.32
24 1986 48 65.67 95 80.71 40.84 14.45 8 6.08 5.36 5.52 7.5 11.24 33.84
25 1987 50 64.79 94 79.9 40.7 14.39 7.8 6 5.3 5.5 7.4 10.9 33.04

6. Numero AÑO PROB. ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
26 1988 52 61 88.18 79.41 40.68 14.35 7.62 6 5.14 5.4 7 10.41 31.52
27 1989 54 60.74 84.58 78.5 39 14 7.56 5.76 5.1 5.27 6.9 10 30.14
28 1990 56 58.28 83.41 78 39 13.81 7.44 5.6 5.04 5.19 6.39 10 26.2
29 1991 58 58 78.13 78 38.98 13.16 7 5.2 5 5.1 6.36 9.45 26.19
30 1992 60 57.3 74.64 75 38 12.74 7 5.2 5 5 6.2 8.84 26.16
31 1993 62 53.88 72.89 74 36.91 12.48 6.7 5.11 5 5 6.19 8 24.4
32 1994 64 52 72.87 71.15 36.47 12.2 6.7 5.1 4.9 5 6 8 24
33 1995 66 49.45 72.04 67.76 35.2 12.08 6.16 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.92 7.4 20.57
34 1996 68 49.04 71 66.9 35 12.06 6.14 5.04 4.65 4.7 5.84 7.17 20.48
35 1997 70 48 64.4 65.92 34.92 12 6.11 5 4.6 4.52 5.8 6.2 18.9
36 1998 72 45 64.26 65 34 12 6 4.96 4.52 4.5 5.69 6.11 18
37 1999 74 41 61.41 64.44 33.33 12 6 4.93 4.3 4.5 5.33 5.83 17.88
38 2000 76 40.57 58.5 64.41 33.2 11.8 6 4.85 3.9 4.5 5.3 5.77 16.57
39 2001 78 39 57.5 61.89 33 11.4 5.77 4.56 3.78 4.45 5.1 5.66 16.2
40 2002 80 38.8 55 59.1 32.76 11.24 5.73 4.54 3.78 4.42 5.1 5.6 14.9
41 2003 82 37 54 58.35 30.64 10.21 5.6 4.4 3.75 4.24 5 5.25 13.2
42 2004 84 35.46 53.22 56.95 27.2 10.2 5.56 4.35 3.74 4.19 5 5.1 11
43 2005 86 35.2 50.95 56.95 25.27 9.98 5.56 4.3 3.72 4.02 4.85 4.98 10.8
44 2006 88 34.8 48 56.22 23.19 9.02 5.24 4.3 3.7 4 4.43 4.5 10.45
45 2007 90 30.22 40 54 22.16 8.9 5.2 4.2 3.54 3.75 4.41 4.5 9.41
46 2008 92 30.14 39 53 21 8.89 5.03 4.14 3.37 3.54 4.08 4.5 6.6
47 2009 94 24.2 33.44 50.05 15.06 8.3 4.85 4.01 3.12 3.37 3.96 4.44 6.06
48 2010 96 24.2 21.91 34.38 11.1 8.21 4.27 3.37 2.93 3.24 3.94 4.14 5.56
49 2011 98 23.86 14.94 17.28 9 7.44 3.92 3 2.11 3.18 3.24 4 4.76
50 2012 100 17.48 8.02 14.5 8.05 3.67 3.39 2.8 1.67 2.36 2.75 3.41 4.01
Q. ECOLOGICO 24.2 27.1 41.43 12.88 8.25 4.53 3.66 3.01 3.3 3.95 4.28 5.78
Q. PROMEDIO 70.82 95.72 86.31 48.83 16.85 8.42 6.08 5.60 6.33 9.11 17.43 42.59
Q. MINIMO 17.48 8.02 14.5 8.05 3.67 3.39 2.8 1.67 2.36 2.75 3.41 4.01

7. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
RESUMEN DE CAUDAL ECOLÓGICO
Q. ECOLOGICO Q. PROMEDIO Q. MINIMO

9. Para determinar los caudales ecológicos
del Río Bravo, se utilizó la metodología
de Percent of Flow (POF) o “Porcentaje
de flujo” por Richter et al. (2012). El
método POF reconoce la variabilidad
del caudal natural y establece un
estándar de protección que parte del
flujo natural expresado como
porcentaje alterado.

10. Caudal ecológico del rio principal

11. Caudal ecológico de tributarios