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Vivir en movimiento como
modelo para el bienestar y la
salud personal
Mario A. Núñez Molina
Departamento de Psicología
Si quieres que algo se muera
Déjalo quieto (Jorge Drexler)
Los problemas
del
sedentarismo
y la
inactividad
física
Puerto Rico
cuenta con un
porcentaje de
32.2% de
jóvenes “que
no hacen
actividad física
a diario”
El abandono se
mueve solo.
(Mijo de la
Palma)
• La inactividad física mata a más
personas que el fumar, la
diabetes y la obesidad
combinada.
Beneficios de la
Actividad Física
(Correr/Caminar)
Ventajas de
la actividad
física
Evidencia
No hay efectos secundarios
Accesibilidad
Costo mínimo
Beneficios físicos y
psicológicos
Longevidad
Facultades
cognitivas
Memoria
Aprendizaje
BDNF
• Now you know how exercise improves learning
on three levels: first, it optimizes your mind-set
to improve alertness, attention, and
motivation; second, it prepares and
encourages nerve cells to bind to one another,
which is the cellular basis for logging in new
information; and third, it spurs the
development of new nerve cells from stem
cells in the hippocampus.
• John J. Ratey; Eric Hagerman. Spark (Kindle Locations 760-763).
Little, Brown and Company. Kindle Edition.
Naperville
Cataratas y
ejercicio
Ansiedad
Ejercicio
Tratatamiento
y Prevención
Ejercicio y anti-
depresivos
• According to Panteleimon Ekkekakis,
PhD, a researcher and professor of
exercise psychology at Iowa State
University, regular running produces the
same two changes that are thought to
be responsible for the effectiveness of
modern antidepressants: increased
levels of the neurotransmitters
serotonin and norepinephrine, and
neurogenesis—the creation of new
brain cells.
Blumenthal
Parkinson
Ejercicio y
cerebro
• 1,603 studies showed that exercise
delivered marked improvements for
people suffering all the cognitive
impairments examined, from minor
memory loss to full-on Alzheimer’s.
Further, the studies that examined
middle-aged people who exercised
regularly found a substantial
preventive effect of all forms of
impairment later in life. Exercise helps
the afflicted but also prevents the
affliction. Cognitive impairment is not
so much a consequence of aging as it is
a consequence of our sedentary lives.
Creatividad
Adicción
Substance abuse
Tratamiento
para la adicción
• In 2011, researchers at Vanderbilt University in
Nashville set a dozen heavy-using pot smokers on
treadmills and, over two weeks, had them run ten 30-
minute sessions at 60 to 70 percent of their maximum
heart rate. The result? A more than 50-percent decrease
in sparking up. In London, in 2004, researchers showed
that even 10 minutes of moderate exercise dulled the
craving for a drink among recently detoxed alcoholics. A
2013 study out of the University of Colorado at Boulder
even showed a possible reversal of cognitive brain
damage in recovering alcoholics who exercised
aerobically.
Ejercicio y
adicción a
drogas
El ejercicio
• “Exercise acts like a drug on the brain
chemicals,” she says. “But it’s a good
type of drug that enhances systems
that are in deficit. It re-regulates brain
functions and can prevent relapse.”
Wendy Lynch
Ayuda a
dormir
mejor
Migrañas
Demencia
Hearing
Cravings
Actividad física
y cáncer
• Reduce efectos secundarios y efectos a largo plazo
• Reduce mortalidad y recurrencia
• Breast and prostate cancer patients can reduce
their risk of dying from the disease by 30–40%
if they do recommended levels of activity,
compared to those doing less than one hour a
week
• Bowel cancer patients who do around six hours
of moderate intensity physical activity a week
could help reduce their risk of dying from the
disease by around 50%, compared to those
doing less than an hour
• There is emerging evidence that it can also
reduce the risk of the disease coming back for
breast and bowel cancer
Sexualidad y Ejercicio
Neuroquímica
del ejercicio
Prozac y Ritalin
• “What happens immediately when you begin
to run is you get a boost in dopamine,
noradrenaline, and serotonin, just as if you
were taking a little bit of Prozac and a little bit
of Ritalin,” (John Ratey, Harvard Medical
School)
Norepinefrina
• Memory and learning
• Optimal levels stimulate a sense of
wellbeing or even create a euphoric
effect in stressful situations. –
Improved Attention, Arousal, Energy,
Drive and Vigilance – Improved
Emotions and Mood – Sleep and
Dreaming – Improved Self- Esteem –
Improved Perception – Improved
Cellular Learning
Endorfinas
• Endorphins are the bodies morphine
and are linked to: – Mood Regulation –
Self Esteem – Improves pain threshold-
valuable in the body – Reward,
motivation, satisfaction hormone
Beneficios:
Irisin
• Cada vez que nos ejercitamos nuestro
cuerpo produce la hormona “irisin”. La
misma tiene el poder de mantener un
peso saludable, mejorar nuestro cognición
y disminuir el proceso de envejecimiento.
• Spiegelman and colleagues believe that
irisin is a highly promising candidate for
development as a novel treatment for
diabetes, obesity and perhaps other
disorders, including cancer.
• Estimula la neurogenesis: crecimiento de
nuevas neuronas
Actividad física como
mejor intervención para
mejorar su salud física y
mental: De la teoría a la
practica (Con la
colaboración de Rosita
L. Rivera)
• “we know of no single
intervention with greater promise
than physical exercise to reduce
the risk of virtually all chronic
diseases simultaneously.”
• Waging war on modern
chronic diseases: primary
prevention through exercise
biology Frank W. Booth, Scott
E. Gordon, Christian J. Carlson,
and Marc T. Hamilton
Recomendación
The FITT Model
Recomendaciones
Dejar visible siempre los zapatos deportivos
Comprarte ropa que te guste
Buscar un “running partner”
Participar de un grupo que esté caminando
Escoger un horario ideal
Trabajar con unas metas concretas
Usar música que te guste
Factores a
Considerar/Preferencias
personales de
Caminante o Corredor
Lugar donde prefiere
correr
Razón para
caminar/correr
Participar en carreras
(5K, 10K)
Perder peso
Mejorar la salud
Ejercitarme por su
cuenta vs. compartir
socialmente con otra
gente que corre/camina
Tecnología y
el VeM
Mapmyfitness:
http://www.mapmyfitness.com/
Strava: http://www.strava.com
Música: http://spotify.com
Contar los pasos:
http://www.garwin.com
Oportunidades para
moverse (OPM)
• Caminar cuando dejamos el
carro
• Subir las escaleras
• Caminar cuando quiera a
hablar con alguien
• Levantarse cada diez
minutos
• Estirarse en el escritorio
OPM
• Bailar
• Working walk or Working meeting
• Coffee walk
• OPM con su mascota
• Standing desk
• Cleaning calisthenics
• Practicar un deporte
OPM
Walk the
airport
One minute
workout
Otras OPM
Excusas: ¿Cuál es tu excusa?
• No tengo tiempo.
• No tengo la capacidad de caminar/correr
• Demasiado cansado/a
• Estoy haciendo ejercicio en el trabajo porque
estoy la mayor del tiempo parado.
• Nunca obtengo resultados.
• No encuentro la motivación.
Prevenir
lesiones
No exagere en su actividad física.
Tenga días de descanso.
Escuche su cuerpo.
Caliente antes de hacer ejercicio
Use el equipo adecuado: buenos zapatos, ropa
adecuada, medias
Si tiene una condición debe consultar primero a su
médico.
Sitios en el Area para
Caminar/Correr
• Litoral
• Parque de los próceres
• El Colegio
• El Refugio de Vida Silvestre (?)
• Pista del RUM
• Pista de Hormigueros
• Pista de Cabo Rojo
• Caminar en la playa
• La estación experimental del RUM
Viviendo en movimiento

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Viviendo en movimiento

  • 1. Vivir en movimiento como modelo para el bienestar y la salud personal Mario A. Núñez Molina Departamento de Psicología Si quieres que algo se muera Déjalo quieto (Jorge Drexler)
  • 3. Puerto Rico cuenta con un porcentaje de 32.2% de jóvenes “que no hacen actividad física a diario”
  • 4. El abandono se mueve solo. (Mijo de la Palma) • La inactividad física mata a más personas que el fumar, la diabetes y la obesidad combinada.
  • 5.
  • 6. Beneficios de la Actividad Física (Correr/Caminar)
  • 7. Ventajas de la actividad física Evidencia No hay efectos secundarios Accesibilidad Costo mínimo Beneficios físicos y psicológicos
  • 9.
  • 13. BDNF • Now you know how exercise improves learning on three levels: first, it optimizes your mind-set to improve alertness, attention, and motivation; second, it prepares and encourages nerve cells to bind to one another, which is the cellular basis for logging in new information; and third, it spurs the development of new nerve cells from stem cells in the hippocampus. • John J. Ratey; Eric Hagerman. Spark (Kindle Locations 760-763). Little, Brown and Company. Kindle Edition.
  • 19. Ejercicio y anti- depresivos • According to Panteleimon Ekkekakis, PhD, a researcher and professor of exercise psychology at Iowa State University, regular running produces the same two changes that are thought to be responsible for the effectiveness of modern antidepressants: increased levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine, and neurogenesis—the creation of new brain cells.
  • 22. Ejercicio y cerebro • 1,603 studies showed that exercise delivered marked improvements for people suffering all the cognitive impairments examined, from minor memory loss to full-on Alzheimer’s. Further, the studies that examined middle-aged people who exercised regularly found a substantial preventive effect of all forms of impairment later in life. Exercise helps the afflicted but also prevents the affliction. Cognitive impairment is not so much a consequence of aging as it is a consequence of our sedentary lives.
  • 26. Tratamiento para la adicción • In 2011, researchers at Vanderbilt University in Nashville set a dozen heavy-using pot smokers on treadmills and, over two weeks, had them run ten 30- minute sessions at 60 to 70 percent of their maximum heart rate. The result? A more than 50-percent decrease in sparking up. In London, in 2004, researchers showed that even 10 minutes of moderate exercise dulled the craving for a drink among recently detoxed alcoholics. A 2013 study out of the University of Colorado at Boulder even showed a possible reversal of cognitive brain damage in recovering alcoholics who exercised aerobically.
  • 28. El ejercicio • “Exercise acts like a drug on the brain chemicals,” she says. “But it’s a good type of drug that enhances systems that are in deficit. It re-regulates brain functions and can prevent relapse.” Wendy Lynch
  • 34. Actividad física y cáncer • Reduce efectos secundarios y efectos a largo plazo • Reduce mortalidad y recurrencia • Breast and prostate cancer patients can reduce their risk of dying from the disease by 30–40% if they do recommended levels of activity, compared to those doing less than one hour a week • Bowel cancer patients who do around six hours of moderate intensity physical activity a week could help reduce their risk of dying from the disease by around 50%, compared to those doing less than an hour • There is emerging evidence that it can also reduce the risk of the disease coming back for breast and bowel cancer
  • 37. Prozac y Ritalin • “What happens immediately when you begin to run is you get a boost in dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin, just as if you were taking a little bit of Prozac and a little bit of Ritalin,” (John Ratey, Harvard Medical School)
  • 38. Norepinefrina • Memory and learning • Optimal levels stimulate a sense of wellbeing or even create a euphoric effect in stressful situations. – Improved Attention, Arousal, Energy, Drive and Vigilance – Improved Emotions and Mood – Sleep and Dreaming – Improved Self- Esteem – Improved Perception – Improved Cellular Learning
  • 39. Endorfinas • Endorphins are the bodies morphine and are linked to: – Mood Regulation – Self Esteem – Improves pain threshold- valuable in the body – Reward, motivation, satisfaction hormone
  • 40. Beneficios: Irisin • Cada vez que nos ejercitamos nuestro cuerpo produce la hormona “irisin”. La misma tiene el poder de mantener un peso saludable, mejorar nuestro cognición y disminuir el proceso de envejecimiento. • Spiegelman and colleagues believe that irisin is a highly promising candidate for development as a novel treatment for diabetes, obesity and perhaps other disorders, including cancer. • Estimula la neurogenesis: crecimiento de nuevas neuronas
  • 41. Actividad física como mejor intervención para mejorar su salud física y mental: De la teoría a la practica (Con la colaboración de Rosita L. Rivera) • “we know of no single intervention with greater promise than physical exercise to reduce the risk of virtually all chronic diseases simultaneously.” • Waging war on modern chronic diseases: primary prevention through exercise biology Frank W. Booth, Scott E. Gordon, Christian J. Carlson, and Marc T. Hamilton
  • 44. Recomendaciones Dejar visible siempre los zapatos deportivos Comprarte ropa que te guste Buscar un “running partner” Participar de un grupo que esté caminando Escoger un horario ideal Trabajar con unas metas concretas Usar música que te guste
  • 45. Factores a Considerar/Preferencias personales de Caminante o Corredor Lugar donde prefiere correr Razón para caminar/correr Participar en carreras (5K, 10K) Perder peso Mejorar la salud Ejercitarme por su cuenta vs. compartir socialmente con otra gente que corre/camina
  • 46. Tecnología y el VeM Mapmyfitness: http://www.mapmyfitness.com/ Strava: http://www.strava.com Música: http://spotify.com Contar los pasos: http://www.garwin.com
  • 47. Oportunidades para moverse (OPM) • Caminar cuando dejamos el carro • Subir las escaleras • Caminar cuando quiera a hablar con alguien • Levantarse cada diez minutos • Estirarse en el escritorio
  • 48. OPM • Bailar • Working walk or Working meeting • Coffee walk • OPM con su mascota • Standing desk • Cleaning calisthenics • Practicar un deporte
  • 50. Excusas: ¿Cuál es tu excusa? • No tengo tiempo. • No tengo la capacidad de caminar/correr • Demasiado cansado/a • Estoy haciendo ejercicio en el trabajo porque estoy la mayor del tiempo parado. • Nunca obtengo resultados. • No encuentro la motivación.
  • 51. Prevenir lesiones No exagere en su actividad física. Tenga días de descanso. Escuche su cuerpo. Caliente antes de hacer ejercicio Use el equipo adecuado: buenos zapatos, ropa adecuada, medias Si tiene una condición debe consultar primero a su médico.
  • 52. Sitios en el Area para Caminar/Correr • Litoral • Parque de los próceres • El Colegio • El Refugio de Vida Silvestre (?) • Pista del RUM • Pista de Hormigueros • Pista de Cabo Rojo • Caminar en la playa • La estación experimental del RUM