Driver Fatigue Monitoring System Using Eye ClosureIJMER
Abstract: Now-a-days so many road accidents occur due to driver distraction while he is driving. Those accidents are broadly depends upon wide range of driver state such as drowsy state, alcoholic state, depressed state etc. Even driver distraction and conversation with passengers during driving can lead in major problems. To address the problem we propose a Driver fatigue Monitoring and
warning system based on eye-tracking, which is consider as active safety system. This system is useful and helpful for drivers to be alert while driving. Eye tracking is one of the major technologies for future driver system since human eyes contains much information. Sleepiness reduces reaction time of safe driving. The driver distraction is measured by the person eye closure rate for certain period while driving. It is implemented by comparing the image extracted from video and the video that is currently
performing. The percentage of eyes is compared from both the frames, if the driver is suspected to be sleeping then a warning alarm is given to alert the driver
Driver drowsinees detection and alert.pptx slidekavinakshi
This document describes a drowsiness detection system using deep learning. It aims to develop a prototype that can accurately monitor a driver's eye state in real-time to detect drowsiness and prevent accidents. The system uses a webcam and deep learning to analyze eye images and detect blinking. If drowsiness is detected, it will alert the driver via mobile and limit the vehicle speed. It will also capture an image, send the driver's location to the vehicle owner, and reduce the speed to prevent accidents from drowsy driving. The literature review discusses previous works on using sensors like eye blink detection and their limitations, showing the need for a non-intrusive deep learning-based solution.
Face recognition technology provides a solution for fast and accurate user identification and authentication by verifying a person's identity based on their face. It works by detecting facial features and measuring the distances between nodal points like the eyes, nose, and jawline to create a unique facial signature or "faceprint". The system then compares new facial images to those stored in a database to match faces or verify identities. While face recognition has advantages like convenience and low cost, it also has limitations such as an inability to distinguish identical twins. It finds applications in security systems, law enforcement, immigration, and banking.
This document summarizes a presentation on current trends in fraud prevention. It discusses common types of payment fraud like check, credit card, and wire transfer fraud. It also discusses challenges posed by holder in due course claims for check fraud. The presentation recommends implementing a fraud prevention matrix that combines procedural controls, check protection, transaction screening, and fraud protection services. It provides examples of specific fraud prevention tools and services offered by banks and third parties.
This document discusses finger vein authentication technology. It begins with an introduction and overview of biometrics and finger vein authentication. It then describes the four components of finger vein detection and authentication: image acquisition, pre-processing, extraction, and matching. It highlights benefits of finger vein authentication such as accuracy, speed, security, compact size, and difficulty to forge. It concludes with examples of applications for finger vein authentication such as PC login, identity management, time/attendance tracking, cashless catering, banking, and access control for secure areas.
This document summarizes key topics from a management workshop on internal theft and loss prevention. It discusses how internal theft is one of the most serious problems companies face, with estimates that 40-70% of losses are due to dishonest employees. Common reasons employees steal include job frustration, personal need, and opportunities when companies don't enforce proper procedures or policies. The document provides tips for management to reduce theft risks, such as ensuring physical security controls are in place, conducting background checks on employees, monitoring high-risk areas, and shaping a positive attitude towards loss prevention culture and policies.
Driver drowsiness monitoring system using visual behavior and Machine Learning.AasimAhmedKhanJawaad
Drowsy driving is one of the major causes of road accidents and death. Hence, detection of
driver’s fatigue and its indication is an active research area. Most of the conventional methods are
either vehicle based, or behavioral based or physiological based. Few methods are intrusive and
distract the driver, some require expensive sensors and data handling. Therefore, in this study, a low
cost, real time driver’s drowsiness detection system is developed with acceptable accuracy. In the
developed system, a webcam records the video and driver’s face is detected in each frame employing
image processing techniques. Facial landmarks on the detected face are pointed and subsequently the
eye aspect ratio, mouth opening ratio and nose length ratio are computed and depending on their
values, drowsiness is detected based on developed adaptive thresholding. Machine learning
algorithms have been implemented as well in an offline manner. A sensitivity of 95.58% and
specificity of 100% has been achieved in Support Vector Machine based classification.
The document discusses the Information Technology Act 2000 of India. It provides legal recognition for electronic transactions and commerce. The objectives of the act are to facilitate electronic filing of documents with government agencies, provide a legal framework for electronic records and transactions, and amend several other Indian acts. The act established regulations for data security, intellectual property, online contracts, privacy and more. It was the primary law dealing with cybercrime and e-commerce in India.
Driver Fatigue Monitoring System Using Eye ClosureIJMER
Abstract: Now-a-days so many road accidents occur due to driver distraction while he is driving. Those accidents are broadly depends upon wide range of driver state such as drowsy state, alcoholic state, depressed state etc. Even driver distraction and conversation with passengers during driving can lead in major problems. To address the problem we propose a Driver fatigue Monitoring and
warning system based on eye-tracking, which is consider as active safety system. This system is useful and helpful for drivers to be alert while driving. Eye tracking is one of the major technologies for future driver system since human eyes contains much information. Sleepiness reduces reaction time of safe driving. The driver distraction is measured by the person eye closure rate for certain period while driving. It is implemented by comparing the image extracted from video and the video that is currently
performing. The percentage of eyes is compared from both the frames, if the driver is suspected to be sleeping then a warning alarm is given to alert the driver
Driver drowsinees detection and alert.pptx slidekavinakshi
This document describes a drowsiness detection system using deep learning. It aims to develop a prototype that can accurately monitor a driver's eye state in real-time to detect drowsiness and prevent accidents. The system uses a webcam and deep learning to analyze eye images and detect blinking. If drowsiness is detected, it will alert the driver via mobile and limit the vehicle speed. It will also capture an image, send the driver's location to the vehicle owner, and reduce the speed to prevent accidents from drowsy driving. The literature review discusses previous works on using sensors like eye blink detection and their limitations, showing the need for a non-intrusive deep learning-based solution.
Face recognition technology provides a solution for fast and accurate user identification and authentication by verifying a person's identity based on their face. It works by detecting facial features and measuring the distances between nodal points like the eyes, nose, and jawline to create a unique facial signature or "faceprint". The system then compares new facial images to those stored in a database to match faces or verify identities. While face recognition has advantages like convenience and low cost, it also has limitations such as an inability to distinguish identical twins. It finds applications in security systems, law enforcement, immigration, and banking.
This document summarizes a presentation on current trends in fraud prevention. It discusses common types of payment fraud like check, credit card, and wire transfer fraud. It also discusses challenges posed by holder in due course claims for check fraud. The presentation recommends implementing a fraud prevention matrix that combines procedural controls, check protection, transaction screening, and fraud protection services. It provides examples of specific fraud prevention tools and services offered by banks and third parties.
This document discusses finger vein authentication technology. It begins with an introduction and overview of biometrics and finger vein authentication. It then describes the four components of finger vein detection and authentication: image acquisition, pre-processing, extraction, and matching. It highlights benefits of finger vein authentication such as accuracy, speed, security, compact size, and difficulty to forge. It concludes with examples of applications for finger vein authentication such as PC login, identity management, time/attendance tracking, cashless catering, banking, and access control for secure areas.
This document summarizes key topics from a management workshop on internal theft and loss prevention. It discusses how internal theft is one of the most serious problems companies face, with estimates that 40-70% of losses are due to dishonest employees. Common reasons employees steal include job frustration, personal need, and opportunities when companies don't enforce proper procedures or policies. The document provides tips for management to reduce theft risks, such as ensuring physical security controls are in place, conducting background checks on employees, monitoring high-risk areas, and shaping a positive attitude towards loss prevention culture and policies.
Driver drowsiness monitoring system using visual behavior and Machine Learning.AasimAhmedKhanJawaad
Drowsy driving is one of the major causes of road accidents and death. Hence, detection of
driver’s fatigue and its indication is an active research area. Most of the conventional methods are
either vehicle based, or behavioral based or physiological based. Few methods are intrusive and
distract the driver, some require expensive sensors and data handling. Therefore, in this study, a low
cost, real time driver’s drowsiness detection system is developed with acceptable accuracy. In the
developed system, a webcam records the video and driver’s face is detected in each frame employing
image processing techniques. Facial landmarks on the detected face are pointed and subsequently the
eye aspect ratio, mouth opening ratio and nose length ratio are computed and depending on their
values, drowsiness is detected based on developed adaptive thresholding. Machine learning
algorithms have been implemented as well in an offline manner. A sensitivity of 95.58% and
specificity of 100% has been achieved in Support Vector Machine based classification.
The document discusses the Information Technology Act 2000 of India. It provides legal recognition for electronic transactions and commerce. The objectives of the act are to facilitate electronic filing of documents with government agencies, provide a legal framework for electronic records and transactions, and amend several other Indian acts. The act established regulations for data security, intellectual property, online contracts, privacy and more. It was the primary law dealing with cybercrime and e-commerce in India.
Gesture recognition is a topic in computer science and language technology which interpret human gestures via mathematical algorithms.
Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but commonly originate from the face or hand.
Gesture recognition enables humans to communicate with the machine (HMI) and interact naturally without any mechanical devices.
This Presentation is on the topic of Driver drowsiness Detection .
In this presentation We will discuss the Techniques used to detect drowsiness and compare some techniques
In the end we conclude and provide some suggestions regarding future work.
Thanks
This document provides an introduction to biometric authentication. It discusses how biometric authentication uses physical and behavioral characteristics to identify individuals. Some benefits of biometric authentication over traditional methods like passwords are that biometric traits cannot be lost or stolen. The document then describes various biometric modalities (or traits) that can be used, including fingerprints, iris scans, facial recognition, DNA, gait, signatures, voice, and keystrokes. It also discusses how biometric systems work and potential sources of error in biometric identification.
Presentation on intelligent traffic prediction systemtanzir3
This presentation discusses using cellular networks to monitor road traffic. It introduces various methods of traffic monitoring including video surveillance, roadside detectors, and floating car data. New sources of traffic data are emerging like GPS devices and cellular data that can track vehicle locations. Real-time traffic monitoring systems use features detected in camera footage to track vehicles. While new technologies provide opportunities, drawbacks include gaps in sensor data and limitations of GSM networks in urban areas.
This document analyzes various methods for credit card fraud detection. It discusses techniques like Dempster-Shafer theory, BLAST-SSAHA hybridization, hidden Markov models, evolutionary-fuzzy systems, and using Bayesian and neural networks. The document also compares the different fraud detection systems based on parameters like accuracy, method, true positive rate, false positive rate, and training data needed. In conclusion, the document states that efficient fraud detection is required, and techniques like fuzzy Darwinian systems and neural networks show good accuracy, while hidden Markov models have a low fraud detection rate.
MariApps provides an enterprise resource planning software called PAL 3 for ship managers and ship owners. PAL 3 is a web-based ERP that allows for a single source of data across modules. It offers comprehensive functionality including payroll, maintenance, purchasing, accounting, crewing and more. MariApps is committed to ongoing innovation and ensuring PAL 3 meets customers' needs.
A study of Iris Recognition technology over the in use biometric technologies these days. These Study shows how beneficial the iris technology can be to the Human in future.
I have put all my efforts in this study and have made an simple easy to understand ppt.
Credit Card Fraudulent Transaction Detection Research PaperGarvit Burad
Credit Card Fraudulent Transaction Detection Research Paper using Machine Learning technologies like Logistic Regression, Random Forrest, Feature Engineering and various techniques to deal with highly skewed dataset
Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) uses cameras and optical character recognition software to read vehicle license plates. The technology was developed in the UK in the 1970s and uses infrared cameras and lighting to capture plate images day or night. ANPR systems analyze plate images using character segmentation and recognition algorithms to identify plate characters and check them against databases. ANPR has applications in law enforcement, parking, tolling, and border control by identifying vehicles as they pass by mounted cameras.
This document discusses biometrics technology and its various applications. It describes three main types of authentication: something you know, something you have, and something you are (biometrics). Biometrics refers to using biological and behavioral characteristics to identify individuals. Common physical biometrics include fingerprints, facial features, retina, iris, veins and hand/finger geometry. Behavioral biometrics include keystroke dynamics, voice, gait, and signature. The document outlines several biometric technologies like fingerprint, facial, iris recognition and signature identification. It also discusses applications in security, government, banking, access control and advantages and disadvantages of biometrics.
This document provides an overview of face recognition technology. It discusses 2D and 3D facial recognition, how the technology works by measuring facial features to create a unique face print, hardware and software requirements, advantages like identifying repeat offenders, and applications in security, multimedia, and law enforcement. The conclusion states that while progress has been made, continued work is needed to develop more accurate systems.
This workshop covers identity theft prevention. It defines identity theft and fraud, explains how personal information is commonly stolen through dumpster diving, mail theft, car break-ins, or financial institution fraud. Participants learn to protect themselves by shredding documents, monitoring records, and being wary of sharing information over the phone. Case studies demonstrate mistakes like improper document disposal, carrying all account numbers, and lending cards/PINs. Participants discuss prevention steps and what to do if identity theft occurs, such as checking credit reports for unusual activity.
The Department of Science and Technology is working closely with the MMDA and the DPWH to alleviate Metro Manila's traffic congestion, and to develop environmentally-friendly mass transport systems.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document discusses iris recognition as the best biometric identification system. It provides an overview of the iris recognition process which involves iris localization, normalization, feature encoding, and matching. Real-world applications of iris recognition include the Aadhaar ID project in India and border security in the UAE. While highly accurate, iris recognition has some disadvantages like accuracy variations depending on imaging conditions and potential for fake iris lenses. Overall, iris recognition is described as a fast and accurate biometric technology that will become more common with further development to address current limitations.
This seminar report discusses automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technology. It provides background on number plates and their use by law enforcement. ANPR systems use cameras and optical character recognition to capture images of license plates, extract the plate numbers, and compare them to databases to identify vehicles of interest in seconds. The report covers the process of ANPR including pre-processing, plate localization, character segmentation, and character recognition. It also discusses types and applications of ANPR systems and their advantages for law enforcement.
This document summarizes iris scan technology. It discusses how iris recognition works by leveraging the unique patterns in the iris to provide accurate identification. The iris has over 400 identifying features and remains stable over time, making it a powerful biometric identifier. Iris scanning has applications in computer and device security, border control, and other areas requiring secure identification. While generally accurate, iris scanning does face some challenges related to acquisition of the iris image and potential non-cooperation of subjects.
Automated Driver Fatigue Detection and Road Accident Prevention System: An Intelligent Approach to Solve a Fatal Problem. At least 4,284 people, including 516 women and 539 children, were killed and 9,112 others were injured in 3,472 road accidents across Bangladesh in 2017. Some of those accidents could have been avoided if proper systems were implemented at the time. This project focuses on creating a system based on EEG (Electroencephalogram) and ECG (electrocardiogram) signal from driver which will alert a driver about drowsiness while driving.
implementation of finger vein authentication techniqueViraj Rajopadhye
Viraj Rajopadhye presents on finger vein biometrics. Finger vein patterns provide a promising biometric for personal identification as it is secure and convenient, identifying individuals in 0.8 seconds. Finger vein detection works by capturing the pattern of blood vessels in the finger using near-infrared light, which is partially absorbed by hemoglobin in the veins. The extracted vein patterns are then stored as templates and used for matching against registered users, with errors possible in false acceptance or rejection of matches. Finger vein biometrics could be implemented for security applications like military zones, ATMs, and embedded in devices with improved security, low complexity and power usage.
Ley de Tránsito N°18.290 Actualizada Año 2016Nelson Leiva®
Este documento presenta el texto refundido, coordinado y sistematizado de la Ley de Tránsito de Chile. Define 44 términos clave relacionados con el tránsito y la circulación vial, como peatón, vehículo, conductor, calzada, acera, estacionamiento, semáforo, entre otros. Además, establece que esta ley regula a todas las personas que transiten por vías públicas en Chile, ya sea como peatones, pasajeros o conductores de cualquier tipo de vehículo.
Ley 18290 de Trànsito de la República de ChileNelson Leiva®
Este documento presenta definiciones clave relacionadas con la Ley de Tránsito de Chile, incluyendo términos como vehículo, conductor, calzada, señal de tránsito, infracción, entre otros. También establece que Carabineros de Chile y autoridades municipales son responsables de fiscalizar el cumplimiento de esta ley y denunciar infracciones.
Gesture recognition is a topic in computer science and language technology which interpret human gestures via mathematical algorithms.
Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but commonly originate from the face or hand.
Gesture recognition enables humans to communicate with the machine (HMI) and interact naturally without any mechanical devices.
This Presentation is on the topic of Driver drowsiness Detection .
In this presentation We will discuss the Techniques used to detect drowsiness and compare some techniques
In the end we conclude and provide some suggestions regarding future work.
Thanks
This document provides an introduction to biometric authentication. It discusses how biometric authentication uses physical and behavioral characteristics to identify individuals. Some benefits of biometric authentication over traditional methods like passwords are that biometric traits cannot be lost or stolen. The document then describes various biometric modalities (or traits) that can be used, including fingerprints, iris scans, facial recognition, DNA, gait, signatures, voice, and keystrokes. It also discusses how biometric systems work and potential sources of error in biometric identification.
Presentation on intelligent traffic prediction systemtanzir3
This presentation discusses using cellular networks to monitor road traffic. It introduces various methods of traffic monitoring including video surveillance, roadside detectors, and floating car data. New sources of traffic data are emerging like GPS devices and cellular data that can track vehicle locations. Real-time traffic monitoring systems use features detected in camera footage to track vehicles. While new technologies provide opportunities, drawbacks include gaps in sensor data and limitations of GSM networks in urban areas.
This document analyzes various methods for credit card fraud detection. It discusses techniques like Dempster-Shafer theory, BLAST-SSAHA hybridization, hidden Markov models, evolutionary-fuzzy systems, and using Bayesian and neural networks. The document also compares the different fraud detection systems based on parameters like accuracy, method, true positive rate, false positive rate, and training data needed. In conclusion, the document states that efficient fraud detection is required, and techniques like fuzzy Darwinian systems and neural networks show good accuracy, while hidden Markov models have a low fraud detection rate.
MariApps provides an enterprise resource planning software called PAL 3 for ship managers and ship owners. PAL 3 is a web-based ERP that allows for a single source of data across modules. It offers comprehensive functionality including payroll, maintenance, purchasing, accounting, crewing and more. MariApps is committed to ongoing innovation and ensuring PAL 3 meets customers' needs.
A study of Iris Recognition technology over the in use biometric technologies these days. These Study shows how beneficial the iris technology can be to the Human in future.
I have put all my efforts in this study and have made an simple easy to understand ppt.
Credit Card Fraudulent Transaction Detection Research PaperGarvit Burad
Credit Card Fraudulent Transaction Detection Research Paper using Machine Learning technologies like Logistic Regression, Random Forrest, Feature Engineering and various techniques to deal with highly skewed dataset
Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) uses cameras and optical character recognition software to read vehicle license plates. The technology was developed in the UK in the 1970s and uses infrared cameras and lighting to capture plate images day or night. ANPR systems analyze plate images using character segmentation and recognition algorithms to identify plate characters and check them against databases. ANPR has applications in law enforcement, parking, tolling, and border control by identifying vehicles as they pass by mounted cameras.
This document discusses biometrics technology and its various applications. It describes three main types of authentication: something you know, something you have, and something you are (biometrics). Biometrics refers to using biological and behavioral characteristics to identify individuals. Common physical biometrics include fingerprints, facial features, retina, iris, veins and hand/finger geometry. Behavioral biometrics include keystroke dynamics, voice, gait, and signature. The document outlines several biometric technologies like fingerprint, facial, iris recognition and signature identification. It also discusses applications in security, government, banking, access control and advantages and disadvantages of biometrics.
This document provides an overview of face recognition technology. It discusses 2D and 3D facial recognition, how the technology works by measuring facial features to create a unique face print, hardware and software requirements, advantages like identifying repeat offenders, and applications in security, multimedia, and law enforcement. The conclusion states that while progress has been made, continued work is needed to develop more accurate systems.
This workshop covers identity theft prevention. It defines identity theft and fraud, explains how personal information is commonly stolen through dumpster diving, mail theft, car break-ins, or financial institution fraud. Participants learn to protect themselves by shredding documents, monitoring records, and being wary of sharing information over the phone. Case studies demonstrate mistakes like improper document disposal, carrying all account numbers, and lending cards/PINs. Participants discuss prevention steps and what to do if identity theft occurs, such as checking credit reports for unusual activity.
The Department of Science and Technology is working closely with the MMDA and the DPWH to alleviate Metro Manila's traffic congestion, and to develop environmentally-friendly mass transport systems.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document discusses iris recognition as the best biometric identification system. It provides an overview of the iris recognition process which involves iris localization, normalization, feature encoding, and matching. Real-world applications of iris recognition include the Aadhaar ID project in India and border security in the UAE. While highly accurate, iris recognition has some disadvantages like accuracy variations depending on imaging conditions and potential for fake iris lenses. Overall, iris recognition is described as a fast and accurate biometric technology that will become more common with further development to address current limitations.
This seminar report discusses automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) technology. It provides background on number plates and their use by law enforcement. ANPR systems use cameras and optical character recognition to capture images of license plates, extract the plate numbers, and compare them to databases to identify vehicles of interest in seconds. The report covers the process of ANPR including pre-processing, plate localization, character segmentation, and character recognition. It also discusses types and applications of ANPR systems and their advantages for law enforcement.
This document summarizes iris scan technology. It discusses how iris recognition works by leveraging the unique patterns in the iris to provide accurate identification. The iris has over 400 identifying features and remains stable over time, making it a powerful biometric identifier. Iris scanning has applications in computer and device security, border control, and other areas requiring secure identification. While generally accurate, iris scanning does face some challenges related to acquisition of the iris image and potential non-cooperation of subjects.
Automated Driver Fatigue Detection and Road Accident Prevention System: An Intelligent Approach to Solve a Fatal Problem. At least 4,284 people, including 516 women and 539 children, were killed and 9,112 others were injured in 3,472 road accidents across Bangladesh in 2017. Some of those accidents could have been avoided if proper systems were implemented at the time. This project focuses on creating a system based on EEG (Electroencephalogram) and ECG (electrocardiogram) signal from driver which will alert a driver about drowsiness while driving.
implementation of finger vein authentication techniqueViraj Rajopadhye
Viraj Rajopadhye presents on finger vein biometrics. Finger vein patterns provide a promising biometric for personal identification as it is secure and convenient, identifying individuals in 0.8 seconds. Finger vein detection works by capturing the pattern of blood vessels in the finger using near-infrared light, which is partially absorbed by hemoglobin in the veins. The extracted vein patterns are then stored as templates and used for matching against registered users, with errors possible in false acceptance or rejection of matches. Finger vein biometrics could be implemented for security applications like military zones, ATMs, and embedded in devices with improved security, low complexity and power usage.
Ley de Tránsito N°18.290 Actualizada Año 2016Nelson Leiva®
Este documento presenta el texto refundido, coordinado y sistematizado de la Ley de Tránsito de Chile. Define 44 términos clave relacionados con el tránsito y la circulación vial, como peatón, vehículo, conductor, calzada, acera, estacionamiento, semáforo, entre otros. Además, establece que esta ley regula a todas las personas que transiten por vías públicas en Chile, ya sea como peatones, pasajeros o conductores de cualquier tipo de vehículo.
Ley 18290 de Trànsito de la República de ChileNelson Leiva®
Este documento presenta definiciones clave relacionadas con la Ley de Tránsito de Chile, incluyendo términos como vehículo, conductor, calzada, señal de tránsito, infracción, entre otros. También establece que Carabineros de Chile y autoridades municipales son responsables de fiscalizar el cumplimiento de esta ley y denunciar infracciones.
Este documento presenta la Ley Orgánica de Transporte Terrestre, Tránsito y Seguridad Vial de Ecuador. Establece los principios y objetivos de la ley, así como los organismos responsables de la regulación y control del transporte terrestre, incluyendo el Ministerio del Sector, la Agencia Nacional de Regulación y Control del Transporte Terrestre, y los gobiernos locales. Además, define aspectos clave como los derechos de los ciudadanos, la educación en seguridad vial, y las responsabilidades del Estado para garantizar un sistema de transport
Este documento describe los efectos del alcoholismo y el consumo excesivo de alcohol. Explica que el alcoholismo es una enfermedad crónica causada por el abuso del alcohol que puede causar daños psicológicos y físicos graves. También analiza los intentos de regular la publicidad y venta de bebidas alcohólicas para limitar su consumo y prevenir problemas de salud y delincuencia asociados con el alcohol.
Este documento resume las principales leyes de tránsito y tipos de licencias de conducir en Chile. Explica las funciones de las leyes de tránsito, lo que está permitido y prohibido, los requisitos para obtener una licencia, cómo renovarla y qué hacer si se pierde. Además, indica que la licencia chilena solo sirve en algunos países y cómo obtener una licencia internacional.
Este documento describe la intoxicación por alcohol metílico, incluyendo su fisiopatología, cuadro clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento. La intoxicación por alcohol metílico se debe a su metabolismo que produce formol, aldehído y ácido fórmico, causando daño en los nervios y acidosis. Los síntomas incluyen trastornos neurológicos, acidosis, visión borrosa y ceguera. El tratamiento implica medidas de soporte, lavado gástrico, administración de etanol y hemodiá
Este documento resume los efectos agudos y crónicos del consumo de alcohol etílico en el organismo humano. Describe cuatro períodos de intoxicación aguda según la concentración de alcohol en sangre, desde efectos leves como euforia hasta coma y muerte. También explica cómo el alcoholismo crónico puede generar problemas clínicos a nivel del sistema nervioso central, digestivo y respiratorio.
Este documento resume los efectos agudos y crónicos del consumo de etanol en el cuerpo humano. Explica los diferentes períodos de intoxicación aguda por etanol y los síntomas asociados a cada período, incluyendo euforia, falta de inhibiciones, incoordinación y finalmente coma o la muerte. También describe los efectos dañinos del alcoholismo crónico en el sistema nervioso central y otros órganos.
El documento describe las etapas de la intoxicación aguda y crónica por alcohol, incluyendo la etapa inicial oculta, la etapa prodrómica caracterizada por lagunas de memoria, la etapa básica de compulsión al beber, y la etapa crónica con síntomas psíquicos y somáticos. También describe las complicaciones de salud relacionadas con el consumo excesivo de alcohol a largo plazo como cirrosis, gastritis, polineuritis y delirium tremens.
Este documento trata sobre los tóxicos volátiles metanol y etanol. Describe la intoxicación por metanol, incluida su identificación en fluidos biológicos y análisis químico. Explica el origen, clasificación, efectos y aspectos legales del metanol y etanol. También cubre las propiedades, usos industriales y domésticos, y metabolización de estos alcoholes y glicoles relacionados.
El documento describe los efectos del alcohol en la capacidad psicomotora, la visión, el comportamiento y la conducción. El alcohol reduce los tiempos de reacción, la coordinación y los reflejos. Aumenta el riesgo de accidentes de tráfico y lesiones graves. El documento también analiza cómo el alcohol afecta la distancia de frenado y parada de un vehículo.
Este documento describe los efectos del alcohol y las drogas en la conducción. Resume que el alcohol reduce la percepción, los reflejos y la coordinación, aumentando significativamente el riesgo de accidentes a partir de 0,3 g/l de alcohol en sangre. También describe los efectos de drogas comunes como la marihuana, cocaína y éxtasis, las cuales alteran la percepción, atención y tiempo de reacción, haciendo la conducción peligrosa. Se concluye que conducir bajo la influencia de alcohol u otras drogas constituye un
El documento habla sobre los efectos del alcohol en el cuerpo humano y en la conducción. Explica que el alcohol es una droga depresiva que afecta el sistema nervioso y llega rápido al cerebro, causando efectos psicológicos. También describe los diferentes tipos de bebedores y cómo la tasa de alcoholemia depende de varios factores. Detalla los efectos del alcohol a diferentes niveles de intoxicación y cómo esto afecta negativamente la conducción. Finalmente, resume las leyes y sanciones relacionadas con conducir bajo la
Este documento describe los efectos físicos y psicológicos del alcohol al conducir, incluyendo la reducción del campo visual, la percepción errónea de distancias y la subestimación del riesgo. También expone mitos comunes sobre el alcohol como que una persona puede conducir de forma segura después de beber o que el alcohol ayuda a dormir, y contrasta estos mitos con datos científicos. Finalmente, presenta estadísticas sobre accidentes de tráfico entre jóvenes y su exceso de confianza al conducir bajo los
El documento presenta información sobre el consumo de alcohol en mujeres estudiantes de secundaria y bachillerato en México. Muestra que el porcentaje de mujeres que han bebido aumenta de secundaria (60.7%) a bachillerato (85.2%), al igual que el consumo de riesgo y alto riesgo. También incluye gráficas sobre una encuesta de consumo de drogas en estudiantes mexicanos.
2.-Enfermedades, alcohol, drogas y sus implicancias.pdfYamyZavala
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Similar a Modificación Ley de Transito 18.290. Tolerancia Cero Alcohol (17)
Modificación Ley de Transito 18.290. Tolerancia Cero Alcohol
1. MINUTA
MODIFICACIONES A LEY DEL TRÁNSITO 18.290
La denominada “Tolerancia Cero”, que modifica la ley de Tránsito 18.290, contempla el
endurecimiento de las sanciones para la conducción bajo la influencia del alcohol o estado de
ebriedad y la reducción del nivel de alcohol en la sangre permitido para la conducción de vehículos.
Las modificaciones comienzan a regir a partir de la publicación de la ley en el Diario Oficial y sus
principales modificaciones son los siguientes:
NIVEL DE ALCOHOL EN LA SANGRE:
GRAMOS DE ALCOHOL POR LITRO DE SANGRE
ESTADO ETÍLICO
LEY ANTIGUA NUEVA LEY
ESTADO DE EBRIEDAD 1,0 o más 0,8 o más
BAJO LA INFLUENCIA DEL ALCOHOL 0,5 - 0,99 Superior a 0,3 a 0,79
SANCIONES:
TIEMPO DE SUSPENSIÓN DE LA LICENCIA
LESIÓN/ DAÑO CAUSADO REINCIDENCIA
LEY ANTIGUA NUEVA LEY
Primera vez 6 - 12 meses 2 años
Sin daño ni lesiones Segunda vez 1 a 2 años 5 años
ESTADO DE EBRIEDAD Tercera vez 1 a 2 años Cancelación
Lesiones gravísimas o Inhabilidad de por
Primera vez 2 a 4 años
muerte vida
Sin daño ni lesiones Primera vez 1 mes 3 meses
Lesiones gravísimas o Primera vez 1 a 2 años 3 a 5 años
BAJO LA INFLUENCIA muerte
DEL ALCOHOL
Segunda vez 2 a 4 años 4 a 6 años
2. SINIESTROS DE TRÁNSITO Y CONSECUENCIAS, SEGÚN CAUSA, 2010
Según estadísticas Conaset y Carabineros de Chile, la mayor cantidad de siniestros de tránsito
vinculados a la ingesta de alcohol registrados en 2010, se produjo por la presencia de esta sustancia
en conductores.
En 2010, se registraron 5.070 accidentes vehiculares ligados al alcohol, de los cuales 4.561 (89%) tuvo
como causa principal la presencia del alcohol en los conductores. Además, casi 300 chilenos
perdieron la vida en estos accidentes.
SINIESTROS DE TRÁNSITO Y CONSECUENCIAS
SEGÚN CAUSA, 2010
Lesionados
Total
Causa (*) Causa Basal (**) Siniestros Fallecidos Menos lesionados
Graves graves Leves
Conducción bajo la
influencia del alcohol 810 78 217 124 804 1,145
Alcohol en Conductor
Conducción en estado de
ebriedad 3,751 124 667 424 3,165 4,256
Total Alcohol en Conductor 4,561 202 884 548 3,969 5,401
Alcohol en Pasajero Ebriedad del Pasajero 16 0 3 1 12 16
Total Alcohol en Pasajero 16 0 3 1 12 16
Alcohol en Peatón Ebriedad del Peatón 493 91 151 52 234 437
Total Alcohol en Peatón 493 91 151 52 234 437
Total siniestros por alcohol 5,070 293 1,038 601 4,215 5,,854
Total General de accidentes 57,746 1,595 6,899 4,321 41,744 52,964
Fuente: Conaset.
3. EFECTOS DE ALCOHOL EN LA CONDUCCIÓN
A partir de un nivel de 0,3 g/l se producen: perturbación de los movimientos, subestimación de la
velocidad, disminución de la agudeza mental y de la capacidad de juicio y deterioro de los
movimientos oculares. Estas condiciones duplican el riesgo de sufrir un accidente de tránsito.
EFECTOS DEL ALCOHOL EN LA CONDUCCIÓN
NIVEL DE ALCOHOL EFECTOS DEL ALCOHOL AUMENTO DEL RIESGO DE
EN LA SANGRE (g/l) SEGÚN CONSUMO ACCIDENTE POR USO DE ALCOHOL
0,0 _ 0
Disminución de reflejos.
0,15 Dificultad para mantener la conducción rectilínea. x 1,5
Falsa apreciación de las distancias. Inicio riesgo
SUPERIOR 0,3: BAJO LA INFLUENCIA DEL ALCOHOL
Perturbación de los movimientos.
Subestimación de la velocidad.
0,3 Excitación emocional. x2
Disminución de la agudeza mental y de la capacidad de juicio. Riesgo
Deterioro de los movimientos oculares.
Disminución de la capacidad de reacción.
Alteración de los reflejos.
Disminución de la percepción de riesgo
0,5 Comienzo de la perturbación motriz x5
Euforia en el conductor Alarma
Comienzo de la impulsividad al volante.
0,8: ESTADO DE EBRIEDAD
Perturbación general del comportamiento.
Estado de embriaguez importante. x9
Problemas serios de coordinación. Conducción
Falta de control en los movimientos Peligrosa
Reflejos muy perturbados y retraso en las respuestas.
0,8 Pérdida de control preciso de los movimientos
Dificultades de concentración de la vista.
Disminución notable de la vigilancia y percepción del riesgo
Embriaguez notoria acompañada de confusión y efectos narcóticos. X 20
Notable confusión mental. Conducción
Cambios de conducta imprevisibles. altamente
1,5 Fuertes perturbaciones psicosensoriales. peligrosa
Vista doble y actitud titubeante.
Puede desembocar en un coma.
Desaparición de reflejos. Parálisis, hipotermia X 40
3,0 Pueden producirse la muerte.
Fuente: Guía Preventiva de los efectos del alcohol y las drogas en la conducción. 2009.
4. PROGRAMA CONTROL CERO ALCOHOL
La Estrategia Nacional sobre Drogas y Alcohol 2011-2014 contempla una serie de compromisos con
el objetivo de de posicionar el “beber y manejar” como un atentado contra la vida, que debe ser
erradicado de la sociedad.
Además de las medidas legislativas que se comienzan a implementar, SENDA junto a Carabineros
está llevando a cabo el Programa “Control Cero Alcohol", que busca fortalecer y reorientar las
estrategias de fiscalización de conducción bajo los efectos del alcohol.
El programa "Control Cero Alcohol" consiste en operativos nocturnos que se realizan los fines de
semana (viernes y sábado), en sectores estratégicos identificados en conjunto con Carabineros por su
alta incidencia en accidentes de tránsito.
En estos operativos, se realizan pruebas de aire expirado (alcotest) aleatorias a los conductores.
Aquellos que arrojan sobre 0,3 g/l de sangre (bajo la influencia del alcohol) y sobre 0,8 g/l de sangre
(estado de ebriedad), se procede a tomar una muestra de sangre (alcoholemia in situ) en una
ambulancia y personal SENDA que acompaña dichos controles.
La evidencia ha demostrado que la fiscalización a través de sistemas de alcotest aleatorios y
altamente visibles, produce un impacto relevante en la reducción de los accidentes de tránsito.
Esta estrategia comenzó de manera piloto en septiembre de 2011 en la Región Metropolitana y
durante los meses de enero y febrero de 2012, los controles se trasladaron, además, a las playas y
balnearios de las regiones de Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Maule, Bío Bío, Araucanía y Los Ríos.
Durante enero y febrero de 2012, se realizaron 9.761 fiscalizaciones a automovilistas y se aplicaron
de 8.937 recorrió los principales balnearios y centros turísticos de las seis regiones mencionadas.