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Tlcan
- 1. TLCAN TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO DE AMERICA DEL NORTE José Manuel González Esquivel DN13
- 2. Definición El tratado de libre comercio de America del Norte entró en efecto el 1 de Enero de 1994 Es el tratado más granade del mundo con casi 1/3 del continente
- 3. Países que lo integran Estados Unidos Canadá México
- 4. Objetivos Remover todas las barreras en los tratos e investigaciones por 15 años. Promover la competencia justa entre paises. Incrementar inversiones.
- 5. Cambios positivos El TLCAN ha servido de anclaje para la salud económica de América del Norte. PIB aumentó en general Una mayor transparencia Aumento de las exportaciones
- 6. Cambios negativos Muchas violaciones de TLC quedan impunes. Las amenazas al suministro de agua de Canadá y de los ecosistemas. Pérdida de empleos en algunos sectores
- 7. Políticas más duras frontera desde 9 / 11 han obstaculizado el flujo de bienes y personas. No hay ninguna cláusula para hacer frente a las fallas del mercado o el desarrollo económico desigual
- 8. Fuentes consultadas http://english.martinvarsavsky.net/new- ideas/donat-build-a-fence-improve-nafta.html http://www.cdhowe.org/pdf/commentary_274.p df http://people.virginia.edu/~wjk/nafta.html http://www.fina- nafi.org/eng/integ/chronologie.asp?langue=en g&menu=integ http://www.fina- nafi.org/eng/enjeux/fonds.asp?langue=eng&m enu=enjeux
Notas del editor
- The United States first entered into a free trade agreement with Canada but Mexico was in the middle of overhauling its approach to international trade so they asked to join. The agreement makes it illegal for the parties to discriminate between national and foreign producers in the trading of services, government markets and investment.
- Many of the barriers were removed immediately but some had to be removed slower especially ones with Mexico because their tariffs were about 200% higher than others. Gives North America a competitive edge in the global market.
- Despite criticism NAFTA has done exactly what it was designed to do.All trade barriers have been removed and trade between them has increased. Trade has tripled. U.S. has seen lower oil and grocery prices. Uniform customs policies across all 3 borders provide for more efficient exports.
- There are some parts of NAFTA that get ignored by all 3 countries and go unpunished. There have been many disputes over exporting Canadian water which has caused environmental issues to be raised. Loss of jobs in some sectors due to some businesses being unable to keep up with competitors or moving of jobs to other countries. After 9/11 border policies grew more strict which some say have hindered the flow of goods and people. Everything coming into the United States must be inspected which slows shipping times and raises costs. People must have passports to travel between the countries which also costs money. The biggest problem It has not addressed the uneven economic development, the different vulnerabilities, and the wide disparities among the three countries. The failure to take these differences into account meant that the burden of financial problems, has fallen disproportionately on the weaker parties.