Mejores prácticas en mitigación, tecnologías, financiación y una economía más baja en carbono El objetivo de este Seminario Web es la revisión de una mejor práctica ambiental en mitigación, tecnologías, financiación y una economía más baja en carbono. Este Seminario Web estará a cargo de Carlos Vargas tutor de Fondo Verde. ----------------------------------------­­------------------------------ Todo esto y más, en: http://www.fondoverde.org/ http://www.campusfondoverde.net/ ¡Siguenos en:...! Twitter: https://twitter.com/fondoverde Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fondoverde Aquí, en YouTube: https://goo.gl/e9S4HS

1. Mejores Prácticas-Mitigación,
Tecnologías, Financiación
Economía Baja en Carbono
Carlos Vargas, MSc
Ecólogo Senior
AECOM
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canadá

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> Población en crecimiento
> Instituciones y mejores practicas
• Agrupaciones industriales clave (petróleo, gas, minería)
> Documentos guía
Mejores Prácticas-Mitigación, Tecnologías,
Financiación Economía Baja en Carbono

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> Gerland, P., Adrian E. Raftery, Hana Ševčíková, Nan
Li, Danan Gu, Thomas Spoorenberg, Leontine
Alkema, Bailey K. Fosdick, Jennifer Chunn, Nevena
Lalic, Guiomar Bay, Thomas Buettner, Gerhard K.
Heilig, John Wilmoth 2014. World population
stabilization unlikely this century. Science 346: 237.
https://www.popcenter.umd.edu/resources/scholar-dev/w
; Supplementary Materials,
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2014/09/17/sc
World population stabilization unlikely
this century

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Instituciones y mejores prácticas
socioambientales

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> Key technology for delivering significant emission
reductions during this century. Without it, deep cuts
in emissions are likely to be more costly and, at
worst, unachievable.
> CCS comprises a number of technologies that are
widely used in the oil and gas industry and are
readily available from a range of suppliers,
companies and service providers.
> Deployment of CCS on a scale that makes a material
contribution to reducing CO2 emissions requires
> addressing current barriers, which include: cost,
complexity along the value chain, regulatory/policy
uncertainty, public acceptance, large-scale storage
sites and long-term liability issues.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS)

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> Natural gas is the cleanest-burning fossil fuel and is
increasingly accessible, affordable, abundant and
flexible.
> Natural gas will continue to play a pivotal role in a
global shift towards a low-carbon economy.
> There is a significant near-term opportunity to reduce
global emissions by fuel-switching from coal to
natural gas.
Natural gas: Into the future

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> In 2014, BC Ferries, the government-owned ferry
> service in British Columbia, Canada, announced it
would convert two of its largest vessels to operate on
natural gas and purchase three new vessels with the
same capacity to be ready for 2016/2017.
> For BC Ferries, this represents a reduction in
operating expenses of $9.2M/year and reductions in
carbon, nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide emissions
by approximately 25%, 85% and 100% respectively
Natural gas: Transportation

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> IPIECA 2015 The Paris Puzzle-The pathway to a low-
emissions future. http://www.ipieca.org/paris-
puzzle#puzzle;
http://www.ipieca.org/sites/default/files/The_Paris_P
uzzle_collection_0_0.zip
IPIECA

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OGCI commitments:
> a) Facilitating the shift from coal to gas
> b) Minimizing flaring and reducing methane
emissions
> c) Improving energy efficiency in operations and
product use
> d) Mitigating emissions through carbon capture and
storage
> e) Preparing oil and gas companies for a low
greenhouse gas future
> f) Integrating climate change into corporate strategy
> g) Investing in renewable technologies
> h) Investing in future energy research and start-ups
OGCI

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> OGCI 2015a Oil and gas CEOs jointly declare action
on climate change.
http://www.oilandgasclimateinitiative.com/news/oil-
and-gas-ceos-jointly-declare-action-on-climate-
change/
> OGCI 2015b More energy, lower emissions Catalyzing
practical action on climate change.
http://www.oilandgasclimateinitiative.com/wp-
content/uploads/2015/10/OGCI-Report-2015.pdf
> OGCI 2015c Oil & Gas Climate Initiative Joint
Collaborative Declaration October 16th, 2015.
http://www.oilandgasclimateinitiative.com/wp-
content/uploads/2015/10/OGCI-CEO-Declaration-
2015.pdf
OGCI

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> Tom Butler, CEO of ICMM, has written to Christiana
Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework
Convention on Climate Change to offer support for an
international climate change agreement.
> The letter included the following statement on
climate change, endorsed by the CEOs of the 23
ICMM member companies which collaborate to
promote responsible mining.
ICMM

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> Mining and metals companies are already taking
action to adapt to a changing climate. As a recent
example, ICMM 2013 states that
> A) A changing climate presents a range of physical
risks for the mining and metals sector. Higher
temperatures, rising sea levels, shifting patterns of
precipitation and increases in the frequency and
intensity of weather events will have impacts across
the mining and metals cycle globally.
> Several particularly vulnerable aspects of mining and
metals companies’ operations include:
> a) Access to critical climate-sensitive inputs, such as
energy and water
ICMM

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> b) Supply chain reliability, including the delivery of
inputs such as fuels, electricity and materials to the
facility or site, and the delivery of ore or processed
metals to market – risks at these stages may be
particularly acute when owned and operated by an
external party over which a mining or metals
company does not have direct control
> c) Operational exposure to extreme weather events,
such as heavy rainfall, flooding, storm surge, tropical
cyclones and storms, and heatwaves
> d) Operational resilience to changes in the water
balance over the operating life of mines or facilities
> e) Long-term management of mine sites and wastes
post-closure
ICMM

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> f) Cost implications that affect the return on
investment and the profitable operating life of mines
or facilities
> g) Company reputation and relationships with local
communities, civil society groups and governments in
the areas where companies operate.
> B) The mining and metals industry exhibits particular
characteristics that increase the industry’s exposure
to physical climate risks
> C) The mining and metals sector is very experienced
at identifying and managing risks
> D) The expectations of external stakeholders are
changing in relation to climate risks
ICMM

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> E) Adaptation activities provide a suite of
opportunities to strengthen reputations with key
external stakeholders in local communities,
state/provincial and national governments, and the
investment community; they are also a way to
achieve sustainable development objectives
> F) A changing climate also holds financial and
business opportunities for the mining and metals
sector
> G) Mining and metals companies are already taking
action to adapt to a changing climate but will need to
increase their focus on the risks over time
> H) A key next step is to identify ways to further
incorporate, or enhance the treatment of, climate
change considerations within existing risk
management and planning procedures
ICMM

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> ICMM 2015 ICMM issues statement on climate
change. http://www.icmm.com/document/9504
> ICMM 2013. Adapting to a changing climate:
implications for the mining and metals industry.
https://www.icmm.com/document/5173
ICMM

37. Preguntas