1. HIDROCARBUROS ALCANOS
C C C C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C4H10 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 n-butano
CnH2n+2

2. HIDROCARBUROS ALQUENOS
H
H
H H
H
H
H
H
C4H8 CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 1-buteno
C C C C
CnH2n

3. HIDROCARBUROS ALQUINOS
H
H
H
H
H
H
C4H6 CHC-CH2-CH3 1-butino
C C C C
CnH2n-2

4. RADICALES ALQUÍLICOS MONOVALENTES
PRIMARIOS
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
HC C C C
-C4H9 -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 butil-o
CnH2n+1

5. RADICALES ALQUÍLICOS MONOVALENTES
SECUNDARIOS
C
H
H
H
-C4H9
3CH3-2CH2-1CH-CH3 1-metilpropil
|
CnH2n+1
C C C
H
H
H
H
H
H
123

6. RADICALES ALQUÍLICOS
MONOVALENTES TERCIARIOS
C
H
H
H
CH3

-C4H9 CH3-C-CH3 1,1-dimetiletil

CnH2n+1
C
H
H
HC
C
H
H H
1
2

7. RADICALES ALQUENÍLICOS
C C
H
H
H
- C2H3 CH2CH - etenil-o ó vinil-o
CnH2n-1

8. RADICALES ALQUINÍLICOS
C CH
- C2H CH  C - etinil - o ó alil
CnH2n-3