Presentación elaborada y compartida por George Siemens en su conferencia en Buenos Aires, invitado por Fundación Telefónica de Argentina, el 12 de septiembre de 2012.
2. “…the fundamental task of education is to
enculturate youth into this knowledge-
creating civilization and to help them find a
place in it…traditional educational practices –
with its emphasis on knowledge transmission
– as well as newer constructivist methods
both appear to be limited in scope if not
entirely missing the point”
Scardamalia and Bereiter (2006, Cambridge Handbook of Learning Sciences)
15. Weak ties
Empirical evidence that the stronger the tie
connecting two individuals, the more similar they
are, in various ways
Mark Granovetter (1973)
16. Connectivism:
1. Knowledge is networked and distributed
2. The experience of learning is one of forming
new neural, conceptual and external networks
3. Occurs in complex, chaotic, shifting spaces
4. Increasingly aided by technology
29. “In today’s networked world, learners are
placing greater value on knowing where to
find information than on knowing the
information themselves.”
2010 New Zealand, Australia Horizon Report
30. But, making the transition to a
“connection” as the unit of analysis in
learning is not easy
34. Fragmentation is a new reality.
Our learning models experience
Fragmentary need to embrace
(reflect) it.
• Conversations, content, context not (only)
shaped by the school/educator
• Learners are in control
39. Coherence is an orientation about the meaning
and value of information elements based on
how they are connected, structured, and related
Antonovsky 1993
40. “orientation about the meaning and value of
information elements based on how they are
connected, structured, and related”
(Antonovsky 1993)
41. Agents in a system possess only partial
information
(Miller and Page 2007)
…to make sense and act meaningfully requires
connections to be formed between agents
42. In language and discourse, coherence relations
are “meaning relations that connect discourse
segments”
(Kamalski et al. 2008)
43. Knowledge development, learning, is (should
be) concerned with learners understanding
relationships, not simply memorizing facts.
i.e. naming nodes is “low level” knowledge
activity, understanding node connectivity, and
implications of changes in network structure,
consists of deeper, coherent, learning
44. Existing coherence forming systems
Books
Newspapers
TV news programs
Magazines
(anything that is structured and that the end
user can’t speak into and alter)
48. What does this mean to you as an
educator?
Importance of learners creating artifacts that reflect how
they view a concept/discipline
Assisting learners in thinking in networks (relationship
between concepts)
Teaching and learning in networks…
Opening the classroom: the global learner
Exporting, not only importing, education
49.
50. Content is fragmented (not confined to a course)
Knowledge is generative
Coherence is learner-formed, instructor guided
Distributed, multi-spaced interactions
Foster autonomous, self-regulated learners
Barry Wellman: Pp. 10-25 in Digital Cities II: Computational and Sociological Approaches, edited by Makoto Tanabe, Peter van den Besselaar and Toru Ishida. Berlin: Springer, 2002.
Builds on the foundation of how we engage with others and how we interact with the world to suggest that knowledge (in its many forms and representations) is networked in nature and a particular state of knowing is a particular manner of connectedness.
Antonovsky, A. (1993) ‘The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale.’ Social Science & Medicine 36, (6) 725-733
Miller, J. H., and Page, S. E (2007). Complex adaptive systems: An introduction to computational models of social life. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Kamalski, J., Sanders, T., and Lentz, L. (2008) ‘Coherence marking, prior knowledge, and comprehension of informative and persuasive texts: sorting things out.’ Discourse Processes 45, 323-345
diSessa, A. A. (1993). Toward an epistemology of physics. Cognition and Instruction 10(2 & 3): 105-225.
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/%7Esecfas/Harvard_FAS_Vote_Establishing_New_Program_in_General_Education.pdf - Harvard new curriculumhttp://www.digitallearning.macfound.org/atf/cf/%7B7E45C7E0-A3E0-4B89-AC9C-E807E1B0AE4E%7D/JENKINS_WHITE_PAPER.PDF - Confronting the challenges of participatory culture