MODAL VERBS<br />ABILITY<br />COULD ( past): sabía, podía<br />CAN ( present): sé, puedo<br />*BE ABLE TO ( past, present, future): saber, poder<br />PROBABILITY<br />MUST: 100 % TRUE, POSSIBLE. ( debe)<br />( WILL 100%)<br />(CAN 80%)<br />MAY : 75 % POSSIBLE ( puede que)<br />MIGHT: 60% POSSIBLE ( podría)<br />(COULD 45% POSSIBLE)<br />CAN´T: 100% IMPOSSIBLE ( no puede)<br />SUGGESTIONS<br />CAN:  <br />COULD<br />SHALL ( offer to do a favour + suggestion)<br />ASK A FAVOUR, PERMISSION<br />CAN: informal<br />COULD: + polite<br />MAY: + polite<br />WOULD: ++ polite<br />PROHIBITION<br />MUSTN´T: (no debes, está prohibido)<br />CAN/CAN´T: usados para permiso, esté permitido o no.<br />OFFERS/ INVITATIONS<br />WOULD: ía…would you like: te gustaría…<br />SHALL<br />OBLIGATION/ NECESSITY<br />MUST ( present), ley o autoridad.<br />*HAVE TO ( past, present, future)<br />*NEED TO<br />SHOULD/ OUGHT TO: moral obligation<br />LACK OF OBLIGATION<br />DON´T HAVE TO<br />NEEDN´T ( don´t need to)<br />ADVICE/ OPINION<br />SHOULD: + frequent<br />OUGHT TO: more common in+ sentences, rare in – and ?<br />*No son modales<br />MODAL PERFECTS<br />SHOULD/ OUGHT TO HAVE + PPO<br />Crítica ante un hecho pasado<br />You should have phoned me ( pero no lo hiciste)<br />SHOULDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Crítica ante un hecho que no tenía que haber sucedido<br />You shouldn´t have cheated in the exam (por qué lo hiciste)<br />MUST HAVE + PPO<br />Certeza de que algo ha ocurrido.<br />She is very happy. She must have passed the exam ( estoy segura)<br />MAY/ MIGHT HAVE + PPO<br />Suposición sobre lo ocurrido.<br />Paul might have failed the exam ( no sé, no se ve muy contento)<br />COULD HAVE + PPO<br />Habilidad para haber hecho algo que no se hizo.<br />You could have come to the party ( pero no quisiste)<br />COULDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Certeza de que algo no pudo haber ocurrido.<br />   She couldn´t have stolen the bike ( no es posible que lo haya hecho)<br />NEEDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Acción pasada innecesaria.<br /> You needn´t have made that cake ( lo podría haber hecho yo)<br />
Modal verbs (grammar)
Modal verbs (grammar)
Modal verbs (grammar)

Modal verbs (grammar)

  • 1.
    MODAL VERBS<br />ABILITY<br/>COULD ( past): sabía, podía<br />CAN ( present): sé, puedo<br />*BE ABLE TO ( past, present, future): saber, poder<br />PROBABILITY<br />MUST: 100 % TRUE, POSSIBLE. ( debe)<br />( WILL 100%)<br />(CAN 80%)<br />MAY : 75 % POSSIBLE ( puede que)<br />MIGHT: 60% POSSIBLE ( podría)<br />(COULD 45% POSSIBLE)<br />CAN´T: 100% IMPOSSIBLE ( no puede)<br />SUGGESTIONS<br />CAN: <br />COULD<br />SHALL ( offer to do a favour + suggestion)<br />ASK A FAVOUR, PERMISSION<br />CAN: informal<br />COULD: + polite<br />MAY: + polite<br />WOULD: ++ polite<br />PROHIBITION<br />MUSTN´T: (no debes, está prohibido)<br />CAN/CAN´T: usados para permiso, esté permitido o no.<br />OFFERS/ INVITATIONS<br />WOULD: ía…would you like: te gustaría…<br />SHALL<br />OBLIGATION/ NECESSITY<br />MUST ( present), ley o autoridad.<br />*HAVE TO ( past, present, future)<br />*NEED TO<br />SHOULD/ OUGHT TO: moral obligation<br />LACK OF OBLIGATION<br />DON´T HAVE TO<br />NEEDN´T ( don´t need to)<br />ADVICE/ OPINION<br />SHOULD: + frequent<br />OUGHT TO: more common in+ sentences, rare in – and ?<br />*No son modales<br />MODAL PERFECTS<br />SHOULD/ OUGHT TO HAVE + PPO<br />Crítica ante un hecho pasado<br />You should have phoned me ( pero no lo hiciste)<br />SHOULDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Crítica ante un hecho que no tenía que haber sucedido<br />You shouldn´t have cheated in the exam (por qué lo hiciste)<br />MUST HAVE + PPO<br />Certeza de que algo ha ocurrido.<br />She is very happy. She must have passed the exam ( estoy segura)<br />MAY/ MIGHT HAVE + PPO<br />Suposición sobre lo ocurrido.<br />Paul might have failed the exam ( no sé, no se ve muy contento)<br />COULD HAVE + PPO<br />Habilidad para haber hecho algo que no se hizo.<br />You could have come to the party ( pero no quisiste)<br />COULDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Certeza de que algo no pudo haber ocurrido.<br /> She couldn´t have stolen the bike ( no es posible que lo haya hecho)<br />NEEDN´T HAVE + PPO<br />Acción pasada innecesaria.<br /> You needn´t have made that cake ( lo podría haber hecho yo)<br />