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Papel de la ompi promocion innov arc_ar
- 1. El uso estratégico de la información y la promoción de innovación en América Latina. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 18 de octubre de 2011 Alejandro Roca Campañá Director Asesor Principal Sector de la Infraestructura Mundial
- 6. La difusión tecnológica depende de la exposición a la tecnología extranjera y de la capacidad de absorción Fuente: Banco Mundial, Global Economic Prospects (2008 )
- 8. La importancia económica de la propiedad Intelectual En este contexto, aumenta la importancia de la difusión tecnológica y la adaptación de la tecnología para las economías modernas, es decir: La formula es: invertir en generar las condiciones que propicien la conversión de la capacidad innovadora en activos económicos, es decir ACTIVOS INTANGIBLES
- 10. El capital intelectual Conocimiento tácito Capital Humano Experiencia Know-how Habilidades Creatividad El capital intelectual: Puede ser convertido en ganancia Conocimiento Codificado Activos intelectuales Documentación Dibujos y diagramas Programas y procesos Soporte lógico Datos Innovaciones Propiedad intelectual - Patentes - Marcas - Derecho de Autor - Secretos Comerciales - Dibujos y modelos industriales - Topografía de circuitos integrados
- 12. New Technical Information Worldwide Source: WIPO Statistical Database (patent families); World Bank, World Development Indicators (journals)
- 13. Tendencias en el total de familias de patentes
- 16. La PI para crear la cadena de valor y crear riqueza “ IP 4 Wheel Drive” Creación Protección Observancia Licenciamiento Infraestructura Gestión de PI Inversión I+D, “ TT” Producción “ Branding” Ganancias Cadena de Valor Inversión Información
- 21. Servicios de Informaci ó n de Patentes World IP Indicators Patentscope ® Public Free Patent database (basic) General Specific and individual in-depth analysis Business and/or Legal Technological Examination results DB Patent Mapping Commercial Patent database (value-added ) Patent Landscapes Corporate IP Reports Citation DB Technology Focus Customized Patent DB and Search Reports Legal Status DB
- 22. Global Common Platform for Innovators PatentScope® (expanded to include legal status, citation data) Science and Technology Journal databases; Google Scholar Commercial patent databases IPOs patent data assisted by IPAS/WIPOScan and others tools if necessary Value-added services (CLIR, PLR, Premium services for heavy users, registration of licenses and security interests, digital register for interested countries) Partnerships Partnerships TISCs Networks Patent data exchange MOU Policy Statement WIPO Global Common Platform for Technology and Innovation Support Free Premium Services to subscribers fee Links Links
- 24. Thank You. www.wipo.int [email_address] Preguntas? Muchas Gracias!
Notas del editor
- I’d like to leave you with five main messages. First, over the last 15 years technological progress in developing countries has been very strong – much stronger than in high-income countries. However, the frontier has also been moving and as a result the gap between poor and rich countries remains wide. Second, technological progress in developing countries is mainly a process of adopting and adapting pre-existing technologies. Developing countries perform relatively little at-the-frontier research. For them, technological progress mainly occurs through the adoption and adaptation of already existing technologies. Third, the rapid increase in technological achievement owes much to increased linkages between developing and high-income countries. Globalization in the form of imports of sophisticated products, and the transfer of business process technology through foreign investment and increased linkages with emigrant populations have increased the exposure of developing countries to more sophisticated technologies. Four, technological progress depends on more than being exposed to foreign technologies. How fast it spreads within a country is at least as important and depends on the domestic technological absorptive capacity – the quality technological literacy of the population and the quality of the business climate. Although major centers and leading firms may be relatively advanced, the rural population and the majority of firms do not exploit the best technologies – often because the necessary infrastructure and human competencies are not available. Fifth, deficiencies in the domestic absorptive capacity may become increasingly constrain technological progress in developing countries. As a result, while policy makers should ensure that openness is maintained, they will need to concentrate on strengthening domestic competencies, promoting the dissemination of technology and reinforcing the local business environment.
- In trying to understand these results and the process by which some developing countries achieve rapid technological progress while others have been more stagnate, we created the following schematic. It characterizes the process of technological progress as one where a developing country is first exposed to foreign technologies either through foreign trade, foreign investment or contact with the outside world and here national emigrant populations can play a critical role (the upper third of the figure). The more exposed an economy is to these technologies the better the chance that they will be absorbed in the domestic economy. But, how well that absorption occurs depends on a wide-range of domestic or “behind-the-border” factors that can either facilitate the transmission and absorption of foreign technologies or may block their absorption (the multi-ringed drum in the middle of the figure). These include: the macroeconomic conditions, governance structure and investment climate, The ability of the population to master new technologies (basic and advanced technical literacy), The extent government policy and private institutions succeed in financing innovative firms, Of course the existence of pro-active policies to stimulate dissemination. Finally dynamic factors including increasing returns to scale and spillover effects can under certain conditions magnify the domestic impact of those initial flows.
- I’d like to leave you with five main messages. First, over the last 15 years technological progress in developing countries has been very strong – much stronger than in high-income countries. However, the frontier has also been moving and as a result the gap between poor and rich countries remains wide. Second, technological progress in developing countries is mainly a process of adopting and adapting pre-existing technologies. Developing countries perform relatively little at-the-frontier research. For them, technological progress mainly occurs through the adoption and adaptation of already existing technologies. Third, the rapid increase in technological achievement owes much to increased linkages between developing and high-income countries. Globalization in the form of imports of sophisticated products, and the transfer of business process technology through foreign investment and increased linkages with emigrant populations have increased the exposure of developing countries to more sophisticated technologies. Four, technological progress depends on more than being exposed to foreign technologies. How fast it spreads within a country is at least as important and depends on the domestic technological absorptive capacity – the quality technological literacy of the population and the quality of the business climate. Although major centers and leading firms may be relatively advanced, the rural population and the majority of firms do not exploit the best technologies – often because the necessary infrastructure and human competencies are not available. Fifth, deficiencies in the domestic absorptive capacity may become increasingly constrain technological progress in developing countries. As a result, while policy makers should ensure that openness is maintained, they will need to concentrate on strengthening domestic competencies, promoting the dissemination of technology and reinforcing the local business environment.